KIAOCHAU
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an emporium since the merchant can there store, free of duty, his wares from abroad or his raw materials brought from the interior of China. The Chinese import duties can be levied only on goods brought to Tsingtau by sea, when they are transported beyond the borders of the Protectorate into Chinese territory. The Chinese export duties can be levied only on goods brought from the interior of China, when they are shipped from the German Protectorate to any other place.
The Bay of Kiaochau is an extensive inlet about two miles north-west of Cape Evelyn. The entrance is not more than 13 miles across, the east side being a low promontory with rocky shores, with the village of Chingtao ("green island," from a small grassy island close to the land) about two miles from the point of the peninsula. On the west side of the entrance is another promontory with hills rising to about 600 feet. The shore here is rocky, and dangerous on the west side, but on the east side is a good stretch of sandy beach. The bay is so large that the land at the head can only just be seen from the entrance (about 15 to 20 miles away), and the water gradually gets shallower as the north side of the bay is approached. Kiaochau city stands at the north-west corner of the bay. There are two anchorages for big ships; the larger and better is round the point of the east promontory, on the north side, and the other, smaller one, at Chingtao on the south side. A new mole was "opened" on March 6th, 1904, which accommodates five vessels with berths. A second mole, connected by an iron pier, was provisionally opened in September. Both have direct connection with the railway. The hills are nearly bare rock of granite and porphyry, but an extensive scheme of afforestation has been decided upon. The soil of the valleys between the ranges and the plain country on the north-east is alluvial and very fertile, and is carefully cultivated. Wheat, barley, millet, maize, Indian corn, and many other grains in smaller quantities are grown. The foreign residential quarter at Tsingtau has been well laid out, and there is a good foreign Hotel. The first sod of the Shantung Railway was cut by Prince Henry of Prussia in October, 1899, and the line to Tsinanfu was opened on the 1st June, 1904. The development of the town of Tsingtau has made considerable progress; the town is partly lit by electricity, houses are springing up in all directions, and a system of water supply has now been completed. The new harbour works are progressing. The outer breakwater and two piers are completed, and have been in use since March, 1904. Adry dock is in course of construction. There are two German newspapers published, a weekly paper called the the Deutsch Asiatische Warte and a daily paper called Tsingtao Neueste Nachrichten. The climate is temperate, and it is expected that the Bay will in course of time become a summer resort for the residents of Shanghai, there being an excellent bathing beach. The total value of the trade of the port for 1904 was Tls. 18,886,198, against Tls. 14,611,549 in 1903, Tls. 10,376,225 in 1902, Tls. 8,756,382 in 1901, and only Tls. 3,968,183 in 1900. These figures illustrate the way in which Kiaochau in advancing to the front as a trade emporium. The value of Foreign goods imported in 1903 (exclusive of railway and mining materials) showed an increase of 140 per cent. as compared with the returns for the previous year, and that of goods exported to foreign countries 125 In 1904, however, owing to a falling off in Japanese imports, the imports were Tls. 2,512,994, a decline of Tls. 410,458. This was due entirely to the war, and a steady growth is again looked for.
per cent.
The Budget issued in November, 1904, by the German Colonial Office estimated the income from the Colony of Kiaochau at 636,000 mark, and the expenditure at 14,660,000 mark, showing a marked increase in both respects. The continuing expenditure was put at to 6,006,121 mark, made up as follows:-Civil Government 1,101,693 mark; military expenses 2,711,897 mark; general expenses 2,192,531 mark. The extraordinary expenses for 1905 are estimated at 13,600,000 mark, including the following:-Harbour- works, 3,410,000 mark; Public works, 1,990,000 ́ mark. The Governor's salary is 50,000 mark.
DIRECTORY
REGIERUNG VON KIAUTSCHOU-TSINGTAU
Gouverneur-Kontreadmiral TRUPPEL, Chef der Militär und Zivilverwaltung, Befehlshaber der Streitkräftean Land
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