672
JOHORE-FEDERATED MALAY STATES
AssistantSecretaries-InchiNoordin b. Mahomed, Inchi Othman b. Alldullah
KADANA GOLD MINING Co., LD., Mount
Ophir, Maur
A. C. Dobbie, A.I.M.E., manager
F. W. Kelly, mine assistant
G. Cook, engineer
LANDADRON ESTATE, STEAM RICE AND
SAW MILLS
A. F. Pears, proprietor
F. Pears, manager
R. Pears, assistant
H. M. Drabble, engineer
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF ENGLAND MSSN.
Rev. J. A. B. Cook (res. Singapore) Rev. Campbell N. Moody, M.A. (res.
Singapore)
ROYAL JOHORE TIN MINING Co.
General Manager-V. Finkleston
Clerk-Teo Guan Quee
Messrs. Huttenbach Bros., agents
Singapore
SAW MILLS-JOHORE STEAM
John Fraser
H. P. Bagley, manager
Robert Cameron, superintendent William Cameron, engineer
George Cameron, assistant D. Grandjean,
do.
SAW MILLS-JOHORE STEAM, Johore Bharu
Fraser & Cumming, lessees
H. P. Bagley, manager (signs per pro.)
R. Cameron, superintendent
W. Cameron, engineer
G. Cameron, assistant
FEDERATED MALAY STATES
The Protected States comprise four Residences, namely, Perak, Selangor, Negri Sembilan, and Pahang. These have been federated, the federation taking effect from the 1st July, 1896, and the administration is presided over by a British Officer styled the Resident-General. Each State has its own Resident and the native rulers retain their titles and dignity. The head offices are at Kwala Lumpur, Selangor.
The record of these States is one of progress and prosperity. They enjoy to-day a revenue of $22,000,000, and an ordinary expenditure of a little over half that sum, while the trade is worth £10,000,000 sterling per annum, and the States have a credit. balance of $10,000,000 and no debt. The High Commissioner in a despatch to the Colonial Office, published in November, 1903, remarks that these States have now 350 miles of railway (which have been paid for out of current revenue), yielding good income; they have 2,000 miles of roads; and over 1,000 miles of telegraphs. Waterworks, wharves, hospitals, prisons, schools, and many other public buildings have been con- structed, while the Government of Perak is engaged upon an important scheme of Irrigation which will benefit about 60,000 acres of land and cost about $100,000. The principal sources of revenue and prosperity are the alluvial tin deposits which, at the present price of the metal, can be worked at considerable profit. About 600,000 tons of tin, worth over £50,000,000 sterling, have been exported during the last fifteen years. tin has been worked in the Malay Peninsula for centuries, and it is believed it will still be produced there centuries hence. The industry has grown of recent years to very large proportions, but it would take a long time to work out the alluvial deposits in the lands already alienated, and these comprise but a fraction of the unexplored lands which still remain, where there is every reason to believe the mineral will be found in payable quantities. This only applies to alluvial deposits. No one can guess what are the reserves of ore in underground rock formations, as at Kuantan in Pahang, Slim in Perak, and Jelebu in the Negri Sembilan. The Government has not, however, over- looked the fact that in the export of tin its capital was being reduced, and it has made an effort to supply another and more useful investment by the construction of Railways, with part at least of the revenue, Since British Protection the royalty on Tin has yielded a total of over $60,000,000, and the Federated States have in the same time expended $29,000,000 in the construction of railways. The profits give a return of over 6 per cent. on the capital expended.
Planting enterprise in the Federated Malay States has not hitherto proved very successful, but that has not been due to any lack of enterprise or hard work on the part of the planters, who, when one product failed tried another. The prospects of rubber,
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