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412
HONGKONG
1
offices east of the Artillery Barracks, and the Naval Authorities have an establishment on the Kowloon side near to Yau-ma-Ti.
CLIMATE
As intimated in earlier paragraphs, Hongkong formerly enjoyed a most notoriety for unhealthiness, and in years past the troops garrisoned he grievously from malarial fevers. A great deal of the sickness in the of the Colony was believed to have been caused by excavating and disturbing the disintegrated granite of which the soil of the island main and which appears to throw off malarious exhalations when upturned. Att time, however, the Colony is one of the healthiest spots in the world in latitude. The influence of the young pine forests created by the A Department has no doubt been beneficial in checking malaria, and the latterly bestowed on sanitation has not been without its due effect. 1 death rate per 1,000 for the whole population in 1902 was 21.70, as compared during the previous year and an average of 22 during the preceding The death-rate among the British and Foreign races was 19.0, and among t
21.93.
The following table shows the fifteen years' means of the annual an values of the principal meteorological elements, taken from the Observat for 1898:-
Bar. Meau pressure Maximum
Mean temperature
Aug. Sept. Vet. Nov 20.755-29.824 £1,082 30.10 20882 29.851 92.984 3.157 3.31 28 762 – 29,788
Jan. Feb. March April May June July 30,153 30.132 30.055 29.058 29.863 29.764 20.788 30,367 30,390 30,308 30,158 30,045 29,880 20.686–29.421 29,552 29.570 29.447 29,284
59.7 67.7 62.2 69.9 76.6 64.1 01.7 66.4 74.5 81.2 56.0 54.5 58.9 68.7 73.5 79.2 79.0 82.1 88.6 91.5
Minimum
28.876 29.089 20.57
80.7
81.6 81.0
80.4 76.2 69.
Меяи шахішит
85.2
86,2 86.0
85.8 80.7 74.
Mean minimum
77.4
78.0
77.3 78.6 72.5 65.
Maximum
93.6
04.0
92.9
94.0 93.8 85.
Minimum
32.0
40.3
45.9
55.6 64.1 69.2
721
71 6
65.6
60.8 50.
Mean daily range
8.1
7.2
7.4
7.7
7.7
7.8
8.2
8.7
8.7
8.3
9.1
Menu humidity
74
79
84
83
Mean rain
1.545
2.001
2.091
85 5.990 13.159 16.496 14.210
83
83
$3
77
71
13.482
8.833 5.794
1.3
Maximum iu 24 hours
3.920
2.185
3.580
5,210 20.495 12.630 13.480
Mean max. in 24 hours
0.688
0.710
1.160 2.256 4.844 4.438
Maximum in 1 hour
0.510
0.525
Mean max. in 1 hour
0.188
0.249
Hours of rain
65
Wind direction
Wind velocity mean Maximum
130.7
1.570 2420 3.400 2.550 0.484 1.013 1.406 1.369 94 87 88 94 06 .E15°N E14′′N E8°N E2oN E11'S $30°E 14.4 15.0 165 14.9 13.5 12.5
46
53 49 46
42
48 77.7 79,5 110.7 152.1 155.4
Hours of sunshine
Hongkong is a free port, and there is no complete official return of the i -exports compiled, but the value of its trade is estimated at about £50,000,000
During the year 1902 the following tonnage entered and cleared :-
3.973 3.480 1.333 79 $43°E 11.2 103 197.6
66 197.2
88 200,1
6.555 5.855 10.190 5.81 3.257 2.951 2743 0.8 2.140 1.720 1.650 1.6 1.187 1.004 0.702
0.2 73 57 44 S33°E E15′′N 21°N E29°]
9.6 12.2 E 14.7
85 214.5 106
TRADE
NATIONALITY
EXTERED
Vessels. Tons.
CLEARED Vessels. Tons.
NATIONALITY
ENTERED
American
Austrian
96 50
137,721
125,929
93 41
131,771 106,950
Belgian
2,416
British
Chinese
3,319 214
4,620,183
150,924
3,321 215
4,425,703 102,944
German Italian Japanese Norwegian
Vessels. Tons.
771 1,184,202
14
23,428 393 838,262 261 230,484
Ves
75
34
19
Portuguese
105
17,082
11
Chinese Junks.. 12,684
1,033,546
12,709
1,249,424
Russian
15
29,430
Danish
11
21,347
13
23,371
Sarawak.
2
1,338
Dutch.
French
20 452
23,129 283,767
16
16,977
Swedish...
15
14,325
447
278,595
A total of 20,218 vessels of 8,734,308 tons entered, and 20,094 vessels of 8,5 -cleared with cargoes.
There also entered in ballast 5,819 vessels, of 1,133,17 cleared 6,215 vessels of 1,246,148 tons.
+
The trade chiefly consists in opium, cotton, sugar, salt, flour, oil, cotton a goods, cotton yarn, matches, metals, earthenware, amber, ivory, sandalw vegetables, granite, &c., &c. There is an extensive Chinese passenger chiefly restricted, however, to the Straits Settlements, Netherlands India, I Philippines, Siam, and Indo-China.
Hongkong possesses unrivalled steam communication. The P. & O. S. the M. M. Co. convey the European mail weekly, the Norddeutscher Lloyd C a regular fortnightly mail service between Bremen and Hongkong, the P. M O. & O. S. S. Co. and the Toyo Kisen Kaisha maintain a mail service with San the Canadian Pacific Railway Co. a regular mail service with Vancouver, B.C line has been established by the Northern Pacific S. S. Co. to Tacoma, a Portland, and the Portland and Asiatic S. N. Co. also run a line of steame land; the Eastern and Australian S. S. Co. and the China Navigation