190
SHANGHAI
The Expenditure of the French Municipality in 1900 amounted to Tls. 369,157.98 and was divided as under:—
Secretariat (Staff and General charges)...
...
Public Works
Police Department
+
***
...Tls. 22,740.65
151,426,50
58,881.23
Water Supply Tls. 10,049.49, Lighting Tls. 29,842.06 Sanitary Tls. 5,343.19, Education Tls. 7,686.11, Museum Tls. 100.00 Volunteers, Tls. 3,350.00, Defence of Concession Tls. 8,597.90... Fire Brigade Tls. 2,820.00, Band Tls. 1,500,00........ Hospitals and Orphanage
...
•
Telegraphs, Telephones, Observatory, &c.
...
Miscellaneous, including Imprévu Tls. 52,863,28......
39,891.55 13,129.30
11,947.90
4,320.00
4,610.00
2,764.50
59,446.35
Tls. 369,157.98
The Ordinary Revenue and Expenditure for 1901 were each estimated at Tls. 261,279.90; the Extraordinary Expenditure, Tls. 230,599.60, and Deficit on 1st January, 1901 Tls. 175,501.40, were estimated to be covered by probable surplus of receipts over expenditure in 1901 Tls. 56,101, and loans Tls. 350,000.
POPULATION
The Foreign population increased rapidly up to 1865, but declined considerably during the next ten years. The census of 1865 gave the number of foreign residents in the three Settlements as 2,757, army and navy (British) 1,851, shipping 981, a total of 5,589. In 1870 the total in the Anglo-American Settlement was 1,666; in 1876, 1,673; in 1880, 2,197; in 1885, 3,673; in 1890, 3,821, in 1895 4,684. By the census of 26th May, 1900, there were in the Settlements north of the Yang-king-pang a total of 6,774 foreigners 1,436 in the English division, 4,510 in Hongkew, 828 in Western district, outside roads and Pootung. Of these 3,181 were males, 1,776 females, and 1,817 children, against 1,086 males, 296 females, and 291 children in 1876; 1,775 males, 1,011 females and 887 children, and 2,068 males, 1,227 females, and 1,389 children in 1895, an increase of 45 per cent. during the past five years, against 23 per cent. during the previous five. The fluctuations in the foreign population have been very remarkable. Between 1870 and 1880 the number of adult males decreased, while in the next five years it increased by over fifty per cent. In the nine years, 1876 to 1885, the whole foreign population more than doubled, but in the next five years it showed an increase of only 148, of whom 144 were children. The increase has been greatest in Hongkew, where the population is twelve times what it was in 1876, whereas that of the British Settlement is only 84 greater than in 1885. The foreign population of the French Concession on 15th June, 1900, was 282 males, 145 females, and 195 children, a total of 622 against 430 in 1895 and 444 in 1890. A curious fact is that of children under fifteen only 26 were males while 136 were females in 1895 and 52 were males and 143 females in 1900. The proportion of different nationalities in all the settlements was in 1900, 2,762 British, 1,013 Portuguese, 654 German and Austrian, 575 American, 394 French, 113 Spanish, 77 Danish, 66 Italian, 109 Swedish and Norwegian, 50 Russian, 151 of various other European nationalities, 63 Eurasians (those in the Anglo-American Settlement, 519 are included under various nationalities), 831 Japanese, 323 Indians, and 174 Manilamen and other Asiatics. While the adult foreign male population had increased only 150 per cent, since the census of 1870, the number of women had been multiplied over eight and of children nearly eleven times. These figures do not include the population afloat, which at the date of the last census was 1,253, against 1,306 in 1895, 1,009 in 1890 and 893 in 1885. Although the Chinese have no right of residence within the Foreign Settlement, and indeed were expressly prohibited by the original Land Regulations, some twenty thousand sought refuge within the bound- aries from the rebels in 1854, and when the city was besieged by the Taipings in 1860 there were, it is said, at least five hundred thousand natives within the Settlements. As they found some amenities from "squeezing" when under the protection of foreig- ners, and foreigners themselves being able to obtain a much higher rental for their land, and finding native house property a very profitable investment, no opposition was made to their residence. In 1870 there were in the three Settlements 75,047; in 1880, 107,812; in 1890, 168,129, in 1895, 240,995. The numbers by the last census (May, 1900) were, in the British Settlement 115,150, in Hongkew 147,566, in Western District 36,992, in Foreign Houses, Mills, etc., in both Settlements 10,384, villages and huts within the limits 23,853, in shipping and boats 11,331, total 345,276, an increase of 43 per cent. in the last against 431 per cent. in the previous five years. The calculated native population in 1898 was 317,000. The native population of the
Digitized by Google