106
SHANGHAI
The Revenue of the French Concession for 1893 was Tls. 147,623.30. The sources. from which it was derived were:-
Land Tax, four tenths of 1 per cent. Foreign House Tax, 4 per cent. Native House Tax, 8 per cent.
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•
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Licences, principally jinrickshas, brothels, and opium shops Cleaning and Lighting Rates and other Taxes Paid by the Taotai and rent of quays and jetties Miscellaneous receipts
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...
***
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...Tls. 12,773.25
2,538,63
30,589.41
51,734.50
26,259.92
16,532.56
7,195.03
Tls. 147,623.30
The Expenditure of the French Municipality in 1893 amounted to Tls. 142,765.69, and was divided as under:-
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Secretariat (including Hospitals, Band, and Fire Brigade) ...Tls. 48,243.06 Public Works (including Lighting) Police
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56,103.51 38,419.12
Tls. 142,765.69
The revenue and expenditure for 1894 were each estimated at Tls. 162,650.00. The Foreign population increased rapidly up to 1865, but declined considerably during the next ten years. The census of 1865 gave the number of foreign residents in the three Settlements as 2,757, army and navy (British) 1,851, shipping 981, a total of 5,589. In the succeeding decade, 1876-85, however, it more than doubled, but since then has remained stationary. By the census of 24th June, 1890, there were in the Settlements north of the Yang-king-pang a total of 3,821 foreigners, 1,421 in the English division, 1,073 in Hongkew, 427 in outside roads and Pootung. Of these 1,811 were males, 979 females, and 1,031 children, against 1,281 males, 218 females, and 167 children, a total of 1,666 in 1870; 1,171 males, 502 females, and 524 children, a total of 2,197 in 1880, and 1,775 males, 1,011 females and 887 children, a total of 3,073 in 1885. This shows an increase of only 148, of whom 144 are children, during the latter five years, whilst in the period from 1880 to 1885 the increase was 1,476. The increase has been greatest in Hongkew, where the population is three and a half-times what it was in 1876. The foreign population of the French Concession on the same date was 173 males, 123 females, and 148 children. The proportion of different nationalitics in all the settlements was in 1890, 1,662 British, 584 Portuguese, 350 American, 321 German, 229 Spanish, 263 French, 76 Danish, 207 of various other European nationalities, 403 Japanese, 98 Indians, and 72 Manilainen and other Asiatics. While the adult Foreign male population has increased only 41 per cent. since the census of 1870, the number of women has been multiplied four and a half and of children over six times. These figures do not include the population afloat, which at the date of the census was 1,009, against 893 in 1885. Although the Chinese have no right of residence within the Foreign Settlement, and indeed were expressly prohibited by the original Land Regulations, some twenty thousand sought refuge within the boundaries from the rebols in 1854, and when the city was besieged by the Taipings in 1860 there were, it is said, at least four hundred thousand natives within the Settlements. As they found some amenities from "squeezing" when under the protection of foreigners, and foreigners themselves being able to obtain a much higher rental for their land, and finding native house property a very profitable investment, no opposition was made to their residence. In 1870 there were in the three Settlements 75,047. The numbers by the last census (June, 1890) were, in the British Settlement 98,719, in Hongkew 44,435, in Foreign Hongs in both Settlements 7,113, villages and huts 4.520, in shipping and boats 6,342, total 168,129. The native population of the French Concession at the same time was 34,722 and the boat population about 6,000; say a total for the three Settlements and afloat of 208,000, more than half of whom are adult males. The majority are immigrants from other provinces who followed in the wake of foreigners. The population of the native city is supposed to be about 125,000. The large congregation of natives in the Settlements is kept in admirable order by a Police force of 50 Europeans, 62 Indians, and 355 natives for the north of the Yang-king-pang, and 41 foreigners and 70 natives for the French Concession. As the natives have to be tried by their own authorities, and bribery doubtless works its effects in Shanghai as elsewhere in China, the difficulties of organizing and efficiently working such a small force are considerable. In few places is life and property more secure.