JAPAN
The following was the total value of commodities exported to and imported from Foreign Countries in 1891 :—
Exports
Imports
Total
United States of America
Continent of Europe
.....Yen 29,795,755
6,840,048
36,635,803
18,299,919
10,377,665
28,677,584
Great Britain..
Hongkong
China
""
5,633,137
19,996,051
25,629,188
12,578,695
5,089,606
17,668,301
})
5,825,851
8,798,428
14,624,279
India and British Colonies
"}
3,087,763
5,863,758
8,951,521
Corca
"
1,466,040
4,032,922
5,498,962
Other Countries and Ship's use
2,840,112
1,928,790
4,768,902
Yen 79,527,272
62,927,268
142,454,540
The following table shows the total values of the principal classes of Goods exported
in 1891:
Books and Paper
Coal...
Drugs Medicines, Dyes, &c... Grain, Beverages and Provns.
Matches
Metals
Oil and Wax
Porcelain and Earthenware..
Yen
"}
269,979 4,749,734 2,506,116
Silk, Floss Silk and Cocoons. Yen 32,175,892 Skins, Hair, Shells, Horn, etc.,,
Tea
11
279,718 7,033,050
27
,, 10,923,467
""
1,843,637 5,409,773
Textile, Fabrics, Clothing, etc. Sundries & Duty Free Goods. Foreign Produce and Manf.
>>
5,372,413
6,247,764
"}
789,219
"J
""
""
1,287,027
The Imports from various
Bureau of Revenue as :-
639,483
Yen 79,527,272
Foreign Countries in 1891 are classified by the Imperial
Arms, Clocks, Machinery, &c. Yen 3,990,611 Linen & Manufactures of......Yen
Beverages and Provisions
***
886,930
Metals and Manufactures of...
"
15
Books and Stationery
**
609,990 Oil and Wax
326,159 5,140,893 4,971,784
Clothing and Apparel
755,519 Silk Manufactures
"}
Cotton, Raw
8,199,251 Sugar
Cotton Yarn
Cotton Piece Goods
5.589,290 Textile Fabrics, Miscellaneous 3,502,127 Vessels
"}
535,377 7,811,307
>>
393,390
"}
674,270
""
""
Grain (Rice, Beans, &c.)
11
6,108,537
Hair, Horas, Ivory, Skin, &c.
11
1,177,101
Drugs, Medicines, & Chemicals,,
Dyes and Paints
Glass and Glass Ware
1,218,202 Woollen Manufactures.
379,075 Sundries
....
The total Shipping, from and to Foreign countries for the year 1891 was-
Entered Tonnago Cleared Tonnage Total
Tonnage
2,225,767 Wines and Liquor......
430,111
""
5,481,938
"}
2,521,639
Yen 62,927,268
Steamers
1,283
bailing Vessels...
968
2,253
1,603,599 138,400
1,173
1,068
1,742,005
2,241
1,477,546 2,458
137,253
2,036
3,081,145
275,659
1,614,799
4,494 3,356,804 Of which 468 steamers and 200 sailing vessels entered, and 62 steamers and 54 sailing vessels cleared in ballast. 1,178 steamers of 1,688,348 tons and 15 sailing vessels of 18,709 tous entered and 1,295 steamers of 1,817,738 tons and 15 sailing vessels of 17,118 tons cleared in the coast trade between the open ports. Of these one half were British and one third Japanese employed in foreign trade. The merchant vessels entered from Foreign countries in 1891 were divided among the different nationalitics as under :-
Strs. Tonnage Sailing Tonnage Total Tonnage
British
.467
Japanese (excluding Junks) ...410
786,347 349,058
53
116
62,944 520 19,051 526
849,291 368,709
German
.233
212,196
5
3,861 238
216,057
American.
21
56,295
27
33,470 48
89,765
Norwegian
75
86,965
1
1.298
76
88,303
French....
26
Other Countries
€2,657 53 49,481
I
1,060 27 1,849
63,717
57
51,330
4
The total Customs Revenue for the same year consisting of-Export Duties, yen 2,202,761; Import Duties, yen 2,401,238; Miscellaneous, yen 119,472; total, yen 4.723,472.
By treaties made with a number of foreign Governments the Japanese ports of Kanagawa (Yokohama), Nagasaki, Kobe, Hakodate, Niigata, and the cities of Tokyo (formerly called Yedo) and Osaka were thrown open to foreign commerce. The treaties with some of the Powers were revised in 1889, and it was intended that the new treaties