170.
4454
on
FER 36/400/01.ph
HONGKONG TIGER STANDARD Sunday, October 27, 1963
Constitutional reform in Colony
NOT MUCH HAS HAPPENED SINCE THE YOUNG
PLAN CAME UP FOR TALKS 17 YEARS AGO
The Young Plan of 1946 was the nearest
that the people of Hongkong ever got towards some significant degree of management of their own affairs.
re-
Early constitutional forni movements had achieved little. strangely by English standards, but after the
Japanese Occupation there was a new spirit in the air.
Burma, were
India, Pakistan, Ceylon, and Malaya struggling for their dignity. Hongkong journalists wrote of stepping
from narrow
paths to the broad highway before them after the Liberation, and stated that "Hongkong will not weakly acquiesce in an attempt resuscitation of the worn- out governmental machinery which let us down so badly in 1941."
The British governm ni had declared its intention of helping colonial peoples towards self-government,
Into this spirit of hope and reform stepper Sir
Mark Young who arrived in Hongkong
the as Governor on May 1 1946.
new
At the ceremony of re establishment of the Civil Government, Sir Mark an-
nounced the intended revi sion of the constitution, on the authority of the Seere. tary of State for Colonies.
the
The announcement was favourably met by the Chinese and English press.
Mr. T. M. Hazlerigg. CBE, MC, was appointed Special Advisor to collect and
col-
late material for the formu- lation of a plan for reform by Sir Mark Young.
On May 4. Sir Mark re- ceived instructions from the Secretary of State
to
consult representatives of all sections of the community to find the best methods of giving effect to the declared intentions of the British government to give the in- habitants a fuller and more responsible share in the management of their own affairs.
Sir Mark then spent five months. from May to Octo- her, sounding out local opinion.
He addressed letters to re presentative bodies, Chinese and non-Chinese on May 29, inviting their views, and was surprised at the indif- ference they themselves re- ferred to among their own members.
Inquiries
In a broadcast on August 28. 1946, after considering the views expressed, Sir Mark announced the result of his inquiries.
He said that the establish- ment of a Municipal Council and transference of Gov. ernment functions to it was generally regarded as the most satisfactory method of implementing the British government's intentions, and would form the basis of the next stage of his inquiry.
He outlined tentative pro- posals for the Municipal Council and invited written representations and dis- cussion. During September discussions with representa- tive bodies were held on the whole question of reform and the Municipal Council in particular. These and
press comments he absorb ed into his Plan.
On October 22, 1946 Sir Mark forwarded his propo. sals in a Despatch to the Secretary of State,
He wrote that the recom- mendations were based on the consultations he had had, but added, "Although they cannot be said to re- present the unanimous wishes of the community or even the strongly expressed desire of any large section of it, they may be regarded as carrying the assent of the majority of those who have displayed an interest in the subject."
AVAS
2-
On July 24, 1947 there
a simultaneous nouncement, by the Secre tary of State for the Colonies in the House of Commons' and in Hongkong, that the British government had ap proved Hongkong's revised constitution.
Proposals
en-
Except for a reduction in the membership of the Municipal Council, from 48 to 30, the proposals, bodied in. Sir Mark's De- spatch of October 1945 were substantially those advanced in his August broadcast.
The two main proposals approved were the establish- ment of a democratically elected Municipal Council, and an alteration of the proportion of Official 16 Un- official Members in the Legislative Council to per- mit an Unofficial majority.
In his Reply, Mr. Arthur Creech-Jones attributed the Plan to Sir Mark's inspira- tion and energy, and re- gretted that he was unable to authorise him to go ahead before he left Hongkong because of the need for careful examination of the Plan,
The Reply authorised the new Governor Sir Alexander Grantham, who arrived July 25, to make detailed preparations.
on
What were the mendations contained
recom-
in
the Young Plan?
A Municipal Council was to be established to which
all functions then exercised
by the Urban Council were to be delegated, with the ad- dition of responsibility for the Fire Brigade,
public parks, gardens and recrea- tion grounds, the licencing and control of places of amusement and licencing of vehicles. These were to be delegated immediately the Council was set up.
Other responsibilities were to be delegated later, in- Health and cluding Public Sanitation in general (ex- cept for certain hostals), Welfare, Education, Social Town Planning. Public Works, supervision of public utilities and control of franchises relating to them, and other licencing.
The Council was to operate in Hongkong Island, Kowloon and New Kowloon, but the New Territories were to remain under the District Administration.
There were to be thirty members. Ten were to be elected by the Chinese elec- torate in six wards in Hong- kong and four wards in Kow- loon.
Ten members were to be elected by the non-Chinese
electorate, formed into one constituency.
mem-
The remaining ten bers were to be nominated by public bodies as follows: Chinese Chamber of Com- nierce (one Chinese). the recognised Trade Unions (two Chinese), Hongkong University (one Chinese), Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce (two Chinese), Hongkong Re- sidents' Association (one non-Chinese), Kowloon Re- sidents' Association (one non-Chinese), and the Un. official Justices of the Peace (one Chinese and one) non-Chinese).
non-
Provision was made 50 that of the 10 non-Chinese members at least one would be an Indian and one a Portuguese.
An elector bad to be over 25 years old, the Chinese age of responsibility), able to
speak and write either
English or Chinese and have a property and residential qualification.
or
The properly qualification was either ownership
with tenancy of property rates at least $200 per an- Bum, or alternatively liabi- lity for or statutory exemp tion from jury service.
The residential qualifica tion was such that British subjects had to be resident for one year, and non- British subjects resident six years out of the preced- ing 10.
Qualification for Council- for lors was the same as electors except that they had to speak, read and write English, and the residential qualification for a on- British subject was 10 years out of the previous 15.
Councillors were 10 and serve for three years be eligible for re-election or re-appointment.
introduction The second under the Plan was to re- duce the number of Official Members in the Legislative Council to seven (currently » excluding the Governor), and the number of Un- officials was to remain un- changed except that four were to be elected.
The Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce was to nominate one Unofficial, The. Unofficial Justizes of the Peace one, and the Munici- pal Council, two.
Elections
In July 1947 the press anticipated elections in December or in early new year, commenting at the same time on the "astonish- ing indifference of a great mass of the population, Chinese and foreign, to the offer freely expressed by Sir Mark on his return in 1946."
The Chinese community were disappointed at the number of seats allotted to them on the
Municipal Council, and dissatisfied with the differences in the quali- fications of Chinese and non-Chinese voters.
Mr. Tung Chung wei com mented that the Chinese majority were to have only half the Council seats, and since the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce was silocated one seat whereas the Hongkong General Chamber had
two.
the
Chinese business community were dissatisfied.
The Hongkong Chinese Manufacturers' Association was discouraged because the authorities did not re- gard it as sufficiently re- sponsible to have a Count il seat.
The Chinese press col1- mented that 98 per cent of the population were to have the same representation i two per cent, when nobody had explained why the minority should have. majority representatioų, They wanted the Chinese community to have two- thirds of the seals.
They stated that there was no need to fear Chinese domination because legislay tion could provide for minority velo.
Rumours
In September 1947 thr Draft Municipal Council Bill was reported ready to go before the Executive Council,
In October the Governur visited Nanking and there denied rumours that changes in the colonial status of Hongkong were pending. He said that Hongkong would not become a dominion, but would remain a colony, and that the only change in
policy was the setting up of a Municipal Council to re place the Urban Council.
On Oct. 8, 1947 Mr. J.H.B. Lee was appointed to take
ht charge
administrative arrangements for the set- ting up of the Council, es- tablishing ward boun. daries, electoral registers, polling booths and staff. The Council seemed one step bearer.
But there was delay. The Secretary of State, in a New Year broadcast. in January 1949, spoke of the British government's con.
that cern
all colonial peoples should manage their own affairs. The talk was curried with "The dynamic must come from yourselves," and "it takes time to work out the changes we want.”
This drew some dry com ment from the Hongkong
press.
parish council scheme, that will long forgotten baby, satisfy anybody or solve any proble," he wrote.
that,
It was his opinion "We must have a legislature where the people may have a say in their management. It is the right and responsi bility of the citizen. Take him that right away from
uninspired, and you get an
self-seeking spineless and individual."
1949, Mr. In February David Rees Williams, Colonial Under - Secretary, announced that self-govern. ment would come gradually might and that Hongkong form part of the "Eighth Dominion,
Southeast of Asia," composed of Malay. Islands sia. Cocos-Keeling and Christmas Island.
spokesman
This drew little reaction, except that a Hongkong Government commented that was not in Southeast Asia.
Mr. Ar In March 1949,
of thur Morse, Chairman
Hongkong
the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank, hoped that the pro- posed Council would not longer be delayed, and aug. gested a larger, more
Legislature presentative
than would be better cumbersome municipal or. gan.
re.
A
At the same time Mr. P.S. the Cassidy, Chairman of Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce, reminded members that the British Sovernment had given undertaking there would be no change in the status of Hongkong, saying that the channel Chamber was the
an
between Government and the commercial community and dealt with matters other than trade.
Charles Lnsehy piped up acain in March, saying the period hetween the pub- lication of the Draft Muni- cipal Council Bill and its discussion in the Legislative Council would give a chance for alternative proposals to be discussed.
He described the "Glori Red Urban District Coun- cil with no real or vital powers" as "valuless and useless."
In April the Reform Club put forward an alternative scheme for reform, and the General Committee of the Kowloon Residents' Associa- tion queried the feasibility
In the same month is at the Municipal scheme,
1. J Packin A Under-Secretary of State
for the Colonies paid official visit to Hongkong.
an
He said the delay in the completion of the draft bill relating to the proposed Council was due to a heavy accumulation of work at the Legal Department of the Colonial Office. He did not know what
progress had!
been made, but said the Colonial Office was quite serious about having the Council.
In January 1949 the Re- form Club was formed to create interest in public affairs and work for con- stitutional reform. They criticised the Young Plan because it admitted to a racial difference. It was
their opinion that there had never been a racial problem in Hongkong and that Chinese would vote for a non-Chinese.
At their inaugural meet- ing, Mr. Charles Loseby al- tacked the proposed Muni- cipal Council as inadequate. "I hope the Government will not imagine that the
DEIRA an extension If Unofficial representation in the legislature by electing members would be better,
Fatal blow
Also in April Mr. Landale introduced a motion in Levislative Council which envisaged a legislature of 20 members, comprising Officials (including the Governor) and 11 Un- officials.
9
Then in June came the fatal blow to the Municipal Council project. As a re- sult the Young Plan was shelved.
a
Sir Man-kam Lo made motion in the Legislative Council amending Mr. Landale's motion. He want- ed 2 new, reconstituted legislature of 6 Officials and 11 Unofficials. This was unanimously approved by the Unofficial Members. The did not Official Members vote.
Six of the Unofficials were to be Chinese, and of the five non-Chinese two
were
to be elected. The other
SAM SPIEGEL: 'I DON'T MAKE MESSAGE FILMS'
by Ernie Pereira
Hollywood producer Sam Spiegel, with three smash- ing successes to his name in the last few years, does not believe in making mes sage films.
The themes in his pic tures are always implied, never explicit, said Spie. gel, giving his recipe for the success which has crowned his last three films, "On The Water- front." "The Bridge on the River Kwai" and his lat- est "Lawrence of Arabia" which is scheduled for a Christmas showing here.
He plans returning to Hongkong in December to finalise plans for it, al- though he severely criticis- ed local film exhibitors. from the survey he made of the Hongkong. theatre set- up, for evaluating the cine- ma house in terms of real estate returns.
Talking of his pictures, he said "I want audiences, wherever they are, to think of them. And the more they think and talk about them' over the years the greater. is my joy."
Pictures have to create
an impact. It is by the de
Page 330
gree of this impact that a picture's true or intrinsic worth can be properly gaug- ed. In "On the Waterfront," Spiegel said the implied theme was the gradual awa- kening of the social cons- ciousness of a man. Even though the locale was a sim- ple New York harbour area, the picture had uni- versal appeal because inci- dents occurring in it could have happened any where else.
"The Bridge on the Ri- ver Kwai," although it showed up the horror and absurdity of war, had this implied theme. as Spiegel put it. It had to do with man's constructive nature which was always struggl- ing for dominance over his destructive side. Films that pontificate and preach a blatant message fail be cause they do not create any impact upon fim au- diences who have become quite sophisticated.
"In "Lawrence of Ara- bia," which also exposes the folly and ridiculousness of war, man's innate nature of nobility is indirectly impli- ed. And this impact hits
the movie-goer all the more, principally due to the su- perb direction with which David Lean has endowed
the film and the sensitive, penetrating portrayal of Pe- ter O'Toole who plays Law
rence.
Sam Spiegel
O'Toole's overnight leap to stardom pinpoints the importance of the Alm in- dustry as a medium of com- munication. It may take a statesman ten years to get the international recogni- tión he deserves, but with actors, this fame and notor- iety can be acquired in just one picture, Spiegel said.
Spiegel remarked that he W28 a meticulous produ cer. He was hopeful and ambitious enough to want even audiences 50 years from now to treat his pic times as a work of cinema- tie art. All details of his picture are worked out first on paper before they are photographed.
Of the ingredients that go into making a film a sue. cess, Spiegel said story pro- perty and a good script were the two main requisites that took priority over star value and director.
Of his next picture "The Chase." Spiegel said he had been thinking about making it for a number of years.
The implied theme in it,
if the film is to create an impact in the Spiegel tra dition. is the problem of the haves and have-nots.
The locale is Texas and it will take at least two years to finish.
one
tree were to be nominated by the Governor, and was to be Portuguese if the elected members did not include a Portuguese.
can-
The electorate were to be British subjects only. and there were to be separate elections for Chinese didates by Chinese elec- tors, and for non-Chinese candidates by non-Chinese
electors.
the
Sir Man-kam said motion was to test public opinion on two points: whe ther or not the Young Plan should be abandoned, and should the Legislative Conn- eil constitution be amended along the lines he had sug- gested.
Electorate
He said the reaction of the various interested groups to his ideas was con- fused. The question was how far could each club could be regarded as re- presentative.
The total membership of all he put at about 10.000. He said that they generally accepted his motion, and dif- fered on whether all mem- hers should be elected, the nature of the electorate, and whether or not the Young Plan should be abandoned.
He envisaged not an im- mediate creation of a Municipal Council, but that the Urban Council
gradually expand,
by ALAN ELLIS
as
ultimately io municipal status with a franchise wide as the intended.
Young
#
was
"DalRead
Page 9
forseeable future
5/2
a
The Young Plan cannot been re- be said to have Plan
presentative, Firstly, the older inhabitants of Hong- kong had come through
and tough time
in 1946 were still not on their feet. Secondly, the newcomers could not have been suffi- ciently aware
of Hong- kong's peculiarities to able to expound on its con- stitutional needs.
In this expansion the new Legislature was to have decisive say, which sound thinking if there was to be a new legislature, and this would obviate any pos. sible later suggestion that the Young Plan was im posed on Hongkong against its will.
Sir Man-kam thought the merit of the Young Plan was that it was conceived as a testing prelude to more substantial reforms.
Three weeks later 400 delegates from 142 Chinese commercial and labour or ganisations presented a peti- tion after a mass meeting at the Sun Kwong Hotel. They called for a reconstitution of the Legislative Council, and implementation of Govern.
ment's promise of a Muni- cipal Council by May 1950.
They opposed Sir Man- that the kam's proposals Council should be scrapped or delayed.
A recent pamphlet issued
reform by a local
group states that this Petition, ad- dressed to the Secretary of State through the Governor received no reply.
And so the Plan for re- form was shelved. In 1952. a public announcement was made stating that owing to the threat from across the should border no constitutional re. leading form was intended for the
Symbol of Your Achievement...
a Parker 61
be
Since the war civic groups have been formed to foster The a civic consciousness.
Civic Reform Club, the Association, the UNA Study Group, and the recently re- gistered first political party Self. The Democratic Government Party.
Peculiarities
Whatever the peculiarities of their leaders, and though they may be critised for us- ing the term "The People of Hongkong," they have taken an interest and are making progress however jerky, and in they are succeeding
con- awakening a political sciousness in the most back- ward, politically.
British
Colony in the world.
The only advance on Sir Man-kam's envisaged responsible Urban
more Council
has been the ailoting to it of the supervision of multi- storey car parks and City Hall.
In fourteen years that is not much progress.
THE PARKER PEN COMPANY-JANESVALE, WISCONSIN, V.3.4...
Success doesn't come easily, but once it's won, a man deserves the finer things of life. His clothes, his car, his ap- pointments... all are chosen with care and quiet good taste. Take that pen he's holding, for example. A Parker 61... the remarkable pen that fills itself by itself through the magic of capillary action. Virtually leakproof and shockproof, the Parker 61 is eminently suited to the most important writing tasks or a letter to loved ones. Its polished 14K gold point glides smoothly and easily, responding to every thought. The Parker 61 is a superb writing instrument... designed and destined for men no longer satisfied with the ordinary. Choose yours today!
The Remarkable
Parker 61
PARKER
PARKER • At 75 years · Maker of the world's most wanted pens
Sole Agents: PARKER DISTRIBUTORS (F.K.) LTD.
Room 201, 25 Des Voeux Road, C.
Pen Repair Service: Same Address
迹
Page 330Page 331 of 344
Page 10 Sunday, October 27, 1963 HONGKONG TIGER STANDARD
Lovers and Libertines
What sort of a Don Juan was the Duc de Richelieu
that the most beautiful women at by CLIFF HOWE
the elegant
Some men seem born to conquer empires, some seem born to conquer women. Rarely, as we look back upon their lives, does either type appear worthy of their victories. But in each there usually burns a fierce reck- lessness, a daring and de. viltry that make their vic- fims yield to them with un- holy abandon.
The meek in spirit, so far as women are concern- ed, may live their lives in womanless purity; but let a man be rash, and have a piratical eye and grasp, and there will be women who will forget his deceits, his arrogance and a list of sins that reach the clouds.
This, the Duc de Richelieu discovered-the wild, pro- fligate Duc who counted his deceits and sins as numer- ous as the blades of grass in his courtyard,
Born in 1698, Louis Fran- cois Armand Duplessis, Duc de Richelieu, for three-quar- ters of a century was known as the most accomplished and heartless roue in France.
afl
Bearer of a great hame and heir to the splendours and riches of his great- uncle, the Cardinal, no man ever prostituted so shame- lessly such lavish opportuni- ties and gifts as did Riche. lieu.
Flatteries
to
As a boy, still in his teens, he had already begun play the role of Don Juan at the Court of the child- king. Louis XV. The most beautiful women at the Court went wild over this handsome youth, turning his head with the Batteries and attentions that followed him almost to the grave.
de The young Duchesse Bourgoyne, the king's mother, made love to him, to the scandal of the Court, and from princesses of the blood royal to the humblest
there serving maid,
was scarcely a woman at Court who would not have given her eyes for a smile from
the Duc.
was
He revelled in his scan. dalous conquests. He cold-blooded and heartless in his love affairs. He took strange delight in describing the methods he used to win
French court
the most unassailable of women-such as the young and beautiful Madame Michelin, whose religious scruples couldn't hold out against the assaults of this young Lothario.
He chuckled with diaboli- cal pride as he told how he played off one mistress against another: how he made one liaison pave the way to its successor; and how he abandoned each in turn when it served its pur- pose. It was as if the Due had learned his catechism from the devil himself.
List of amours
His list of amours read like a review of French nobility. Even before he reached manhood, he tallied among his conquests at least three royal princesses, Mademoiselle de Charolais and two of the Regent's daughters, the Duchesse de Berry and Mademoiselle de Valois, who in their jealou- sy were ready to tear each other's eyes out for love of the Duc. Quarrels between rivals for his love were an everyday occurrence, and even, duels were by no means unknown,
When the Duc wearied of the lovely Madame de Polig. nae, this Bery package of French hauteur was so en- raged against her successor in his affections, the Mar- quise de Nesle, that she challenged her to a duel to the death in the Bois de Boulogne. When Madame de Polignac, after a fierce exchange of shots, saw her říval stretched at her feet, she turned furiously on the wounded
"Go!" woman,
she shrieked. "If I had the traitor here, I would blow his brains out."
Whereupon Madame de Nesle, almost fainting from loss of blood, retorted that her lover was worthy that even more noble blood than hers should be shed for him, "All these ladies try to catch him, but I hope that the proofs I have given of my devotion will win him
for myself without sharing him with anyone."
over
Such was the hold this rakehell maintained some of the most beautiful and highly placed ladies of France."
went wild
over him?
of
What was the secret the spell he cast over them? How did he manage to win them, hold them, play them against each other, even get them to battle for him?
He was a handsome man, as his portraits show, but there were men quite as handsome at the French Court. He was courtly and accomplished, but there were others as elever and skilled in the courtly arts. His power must have lain in that strange magnetism--a restless, unbridled animal magnetism-which women
seem so powerless to resist in men.
The Duc's career, how. ever, was not an unbroken round of bed-skipping. Three times, at least, he was sent to cool his pas sions within the damp walls of the Bastille-on one oc casion as the result of a duel with the Comte de Grace. But his women did not hide with long faces and bemoan their loneliness. They fell on their knees at the Regent's feet and, with tears streaming down their pretty cheeks, pleaded for his freedom. Two of the royal princesses, both dis- guised as Sisters of Charity, visited the prisoner daily in his dungeon, carrying with them delicacies to tempt his appetite.
Enemy
France's
However, it was a more serious matter that sent him again to the Bastille in 1718. As quick to betray his country as his women, he had been plotting with Spain,
bitterest enemy, to seize the Regent and carry him off across the Pyrenees; and certain criminating letters sent him had been intercepted and were in the Regent's hands.
jl. to
The Regent's daughter, Mademoiselle de Valois, warned her lover of his danger, but too late. Before he could escape, the Duc was arrested and lodged in the Bastille--in the deepest and most loathsome dun- geon this time without even a chair to sit on or a bed to lie on, with hungry rats for company.
He was now facing almost certain death. The Regent,
whose love affairs he had thwarted a dozen times, vow- ed that his head should pay the price of his treason. seemed that the Duc's last caress was going to be the cool touch of the heads- man's blade.
Once more the Court ladies were reduced to hy. sterics and despair and for got their jealousies in A common appeal to the Re- gent for leniency. Mademoi- selle de Valois was driven to distraction; and when tears and pleadings failed to soften her father's heart, she declared in the hearing of the Court that she would commit suicide unless her lover was restored to liberty.
Dungeon
Together with her rival, Madame de Charolais, she visited the dungeon in the dark hours, taking flint and steel, candles and bonbons, to weep with the captive. She squandered two hundred thousand livres in attempts to bribe his guards, but all to no purpose; and it was not until after six months of imprisonment that the Regent at last yielded-moved partly by his daughter's tears and threats and partly by the pleadings of the 'Cardinal- Archbishop of Paris and the prisoner was released, on condition that the Car dinal and the Duchesse de Richelieu would be respon sible for his custody and good behaviour.
own
A few days later, we find the irresponsible Richelieu climbing over the garden walls of his new "prison" at Conflans, racing through the behind darkness to Paris swift horses, and making love to the Regent's mistresses and his daughter. But the warm embraces of the Regent's daughter wete soon brought to an end Mademoiselle de Valois, " order to insure her lover's Freedom, agreed to accept the hand of the Duke of. Modena, an alliance she Pa
began to sigh for her dis- tant lover and to bombard him with letters, begging him to come
to her. "I cannot live without
your 'ove," she wrote. "Come to dis- me only, come in
can guise, so that no one recognise you.”
Now this was
an adven- lure after the Lothario's adventure own heart-an with love as its reward and danger as its spur. And s0 it was that a few weeks later, two travel-stained ped- dlers, with packs on their of
long fought against. ShePacks, entered the city
paid this part of his ran som by going into exile, and to an odious wedded life, in
a far corner of Italy, much
to the Regent's relief.
It was not long
befere the new Duchess of Modena
THE WORLD NEEDS TRAINED MEN
THE WORLD
England
Israel
Egypt
South Africa
Canada
U.S.A.
UNIVERSITY OF
POSTAL EDUCATION
BRANCHES THROUGHOUT THE WORLD
Kenya
India
Hongkong
Singapore
Bangkok
Ceylon
Australia
New Zealand
British West Indies
OVER 300 COURSES
THE WORLD is desperate for men to fill key industrial and commercial positions. Leading authorities consider "British Institutes'" courses the We are entering a new exciting age where finest of their kind. The lessons are easy to grasp and opportunities abound and well-paid jobs absolutely up-to-date. Subjects range from
elementary are waiting. If you will spare one hour a mathematics to automation. Examination training from day for interesting study we will help you Matriculation to Honours Degree Standard. Courses include: to train and qualify at home for one of these top-salary posts. "British Institutes" Advertiting
Accountancy
is very like a university--in size, in scope. Aero Engineering and in the standing of its tutors. But it Air Conditioning teaches you at home in step-by-step illus- trated lessons, so that you can continue in your present job until ready for the "plum" positions of this new scientific age.
Architecture Article Writing Auditing Auto Engineering Banking
Boiler lespaction
Book-keeping Building (all branches) Business Training
Commerce
PERSONAL TUTORS "British Institutes" have trained some Carpentry & Joinery 250,000 men in their own homes. Dis-Chemical Engineering tinguished tributes have been paid to the Civil Engineering personal encouragement, and friendly Commercial Art help of "British Institutes'" tutors. Of all Company Law who sat for the major engineering and Company Secretaryship
Cost Accounting examinations. 95% have Diesel Engineering commercial passed and are now "qualified" as Draughtsmanship A.M.L.C.E.. A.M.I.Mech.E., A.A.S.A..
(all branches) Economics A.C.I.S., etc.
Electrical Engineering
(all branches) European Languagan
(French, German,
OPPORTURISIB
IN KOMMEREK
JANE WAN PROIKOR/BEA
ENGINEERING
OPPORTUNITIES
POST COUPON NOW!
Spanish)
Electronics
Fiction Writing Foremanship
Foundry Practice Garage Management General Education Geology Hydraulics Biluminating Eng. Industrial Chemistry Big & Tool Design Journalism Management (all
branches) Maintenance Eng. Marine Engineering Mathematics Mechanical Engineering
(all branches) Metallurgy Mateorology Mining Enginearing Municipal Engineering Office Management P.M.G, Radio Exams Painting & Decorating Petroleum Technology Plastics
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Power House Design Production Engineering Public Water Supply Quantity Surveying Radar Technology Radio Engineering. Radio & Stage Writing Refrigeration Reinforced Concrete Reporting Retail Shop
Management Road Engineering Rubber Technology Sales Management Salesmanship Sanitary Engineering Secretaryship Shipbuilding Structural Enginearing Surveying Telecommunication Television Timber Technology Vehicle Repairing Welding
Window Dressing Works Managemant Workshop Practice
ONE OF THESE QUALIFICATIONS CAN ALTER YOUR ENTIRE FUTURE
ALL TREST SUBJECTS AND HUNDREDS OF OTHERS ARE FOLLY
THESE AUTHORITATIVE, DA
WITH IN
FULTAD WONDER.
CAREER BOOKS, EACH
IS PACKED WITH INTEREST
A.M.L.C.E.
A.M.I.Mach.E.
A.M.,Struct.E. A.M.S.E.
A.M.I.Prod.E. A.M.L.M.I.
Grad. Brit..R.E,
A.M.I.E.O.
A.F.R.A.3.
A.M.B.I.H.
A.C.C.A.
A.I.B.
City & Guilds A.M.&.Chem.&. L.C.C.
A.).O.B.
M.O.T.
A.A.S.A.
A.A.I.A.
A.C.I.S.
A.C.C.S.
Ground Engineers
AND EITHER OF THE Easy English. All our courses are written in the English
General Certificate of Education
COVERS YOUR
SPRJECT
IN
DETAILE
TO: "BRITIsh instituTES" G.P.Q. BOX 1687, HONG KONG
I am interested in.
NKT-8-4
(State Subject, Exom or Career) Please send me the appropriate Coreer-Book, absolutely FREE and without obligation of any kind, NAME (PLEASE PRINT}..........
ADDRESS
Occupation
My ionówladge of English is Elementary/Good/Advanced.
No comments yet.
Private notes are available after approval.