ENG-2002 — Page 138

COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY

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legislative and regulatory environment, and supports industry in enhancing productivity and quality through technology and management improvement. The Government, however, does not subsidise any specific industries.

With the weight of the Hong Kong economy shifting towards knowledge-based and higher value-added activities, the Government puts increasing emphasis on promoting innovation and technological improvement in industry and business. It aims to strengthen support for technology development and application, develop a critical mass of fine scientists and engineers, skilled technicians and venture capitalists, and encourage the development of a significant cluster of technology-based businesses.

Merchandise Trade Performance

On the back of firmer regional demand, Hong Kong maintained a stable external trade performance during 2002 with total merchandise trade increasing by 4.3 per cent to $3,179.9 billion. Domestic exports dropped by 14.7 per cent to $130.9 billion, while re-exports rose by 7.7 per cent to $1,429.6 billion. Imports increased by 3.3 per cent to $1,619.4 billion. The year recorded a trade deficit of $58.9 billion, smaller than the corresponding deficit of $87.2 billion in 2001. The Appendices provide summary statistics of external trade.

In 2002, Hong Kong's largest trading partners were the mainland of China (the Mainland), followed by the United States of America (USA) and Japan.

In 2001, Hong Kong was the world's 10th largest trading entity in terms of value of merchandise trade.

Imports

Imports of raw materials and semi-manufactures, at $558.1 billion in 2002, constituted the largest share of total imports. This was followed by consumer goods ($543.2 billion), capital goods ($427.7 billion), foodstuffs ($59.1 billion) and fuels ($31.3 billion).

In 2002, the Mainland, Japan and Taiwan were Hong Kong's major suppliers, accounting for 44.3 per cent, 11.3 per cent and 7.2 per cent of the total value of imports, respectively.

Domestic Exports

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories continued to be the largest component of domestic exports, valued at $65 billion or 49.7 per cent of the total value of domestic exports in 2002. At $15.6 billion, electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances, and electrical parts thereof came second. Other major exports items include textile yarn, fabrics, made-up articles and related products; office machines and automatic data processing machines; and plastics in primary form.

In 2002, the USA, the Mainland and the United Kingdom were Hong Kong's largest markets, absorbing 32 per cent, 31.6 per cent and 5.8 per cent of the total value of domestic exports, respectively.

Re-exports

In 2002, principal commodities re-exported were electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances ($247.3 billion or 17.3 per cent of the total value of re-exports), as well as telecommunications and sound recording and reproducing apparatus and equipment