TRADE AND INDUSTRY
The clothing industry was the largest employer in the manufacturing sector in 1996, followed by the printing, publishing and allied industries. Chart 1 shows the breakdown of employment within the manufacturing sector in 1996.
Printing
13.6% (44 436)
Electronics
9.4% (30 944)
Textiles
7.8% (25 572)
Metal Products
5.6% (18 272)
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Clothing 27.5% (89 926)
Food & Beverage 6.5% (21 275)
Others
29.6% (97 039)
Chart 1: Number of Persons Employed by the Manufacturing Sector in 1996
Manufacturing establishments in Hong Kong are generally small. Of the 27 316 manufacturing establishments in 1996, 26 205 employed fewer than 50 people. They accounted for about 50.8 per cent of Hong Kong's total manufacturing employment. Many small establishments are linked with larger factories through an efficient and flexible sub-contracting network. Such an arrangement has enabled the manu- facturing sector to respond swiftly to changes in demand.
The manufacturing sector remains export-oriented: about 80 per cent of the products manufactured were exported. Domestic exports amounted to $212 160 million in 1996. Major export items included clothing, electronics, textiles, watches and clocks, and chemical products. In 1994, Hong Kong was the world's third-largest clothing exporter. It was also the second-largest exporter of watches by quantity and the third-largest by value.
Major export markets in 1996 were China (29 per cent), the United States of America (25.4 per cent), Germany (5.4 per cent), Japan (5.3 per cent) and United Kingdom (5 per cent). The clothing industry was also the largest export-earner in the manufacturing sector in 1996, followed by the electronics industry. Chart 2 shows the value of domestic exports of the major industries in 1996.
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