it
October 29, 1906.]
THE TYPHOON.
REPORT FROM MANILA.
Following are farther extracts from the report discussed in the leader. We may add that the question of telegraphic communication between Manila and the Batanes mentioned at the end, is not being neglected. Capt. Chase, Harbourmaster, has approached the Govern. meat with a view to establishing contact with 8. Domingo and Aparri.
at
(1) These observations simultaneous Koshan, 8. Domingo, and Aparri] show: First that the body of this typhoon was rather small, as at 6 a.m. of the 15th in Koshnn and in Aparri neither the winds nor the barometer indicated the presence of any disturbance; only the clouds in Aparri indicated the crossing of the typhoon, as they moved from the N. on the 14th and shifted to 8.W. on the 15th in the afternoon. Second, as the winds were stronger at Kosbun than at Banto Domingo, we must conclude that the storm, as it advanced through the Bashi Channel into the China Sea, increased in strength inasmuch as Banto Domingo had been closer to the center than Koshun. Third, the winds at Koshun show also that the center moved to the NW. by W., as in the afternoon of the 16th it was nearly due W. of South Cape. This is also confirmed by tbe report of the captain of the 8. 8. Oceanien, who experienced the passage of the center through his south at a distance when the ship was not very fa: from Breaker Point.
The center then made quite a curve from Santo Domingo to Hongkong, a distance of nearly 530 miles, as shown on the chart, Then, according to the barograms from Santo Domingo and Hougkong, this track was run in sixty-six hours from 4 p m. of the 15th to 10 a.m. of the 18th, or with an average velocity of
miles an hour.
(2) Another report confirms also the slight inclination of the vortor to the NW. and its movement along the coast of China in a direction almost parallel to it, or to W. by S. The British steamer Kweichow reports:-
"Fine weather, NE. winds, and smooth sea to Swatow. On the morning of the 1:th, from 1 s.m. to 6 s.m., experienced farious typhoon to ESE. of Pedra-Branca Islet. At 3.45 a.m. center of typhoon passed nearly over ship. Sustained no damage. Lowest barometer read- ing 3.50 a.m., 740.40 millimeters."
CHINA OVERLAND TRADE REPORT.
The
light-house was reached at 7.46 a. m. preceding day's report calls for but one remark; on the 17th, at noon, a distinct ENE, swell was. noted, the wind blowing south, force 2. She was then by 17 58′ N. and 111° 35′ E.—that is, about 420 miles from the vortex that was rushing toward Hongkong. It is not until the next day-18th, 4 a.m-il at the breeze veered to W. with occasional squalls. The Delhi dropped anchor not far from Green Island, when the wind freshened to hurricane force and the rain fell with blinding violence. OBSERVATIONS ON BOARD THE P. AND 0. 8.8. £ DELHI, NEAR HONGKONG, SEPTEMBER
18th, 1906
Wind.
Barome.
ter cur. Direction. Force.
rected.
0.12.
Hou".
Midnight 4 a m.
757.41 56.40
Variable
1
W.
7 m.
53.99
NW.
Hemarks.
:
3 Cloudy: pas sing squalls. 4.5 Rain:
Overi NE
8 Wind iner as.
ing rapidly.
of great fury.
TYPHOON RELIEF FUND ENTERTAINMENT.
293
October 10th for the benefit of the Typhoon
The result of the Entertainment given on' Relief Fund is as follows:-
(ross receipts by sale of tickets Less expenses-
-Wages, coolie-hire-and oumshaws
Nett profits...
$1,394 *
99 $1,355
And a cheque for this amount has been for- warded to Mr. H. R. Hunter, Treasurer of the Typhoon Relief Fund.
HONGKONG TYPHOON RELIEF FUND.
Mr. H. Hunter, the Hon. Treasurer, acknow. ledges with thanks the following subscriptions. Already acknowledged $191.850 70 China Fire Insurance Co...
Balance of Contribution, European
Community Canton
P. B. Petit & Co
Sir Henry and Lady Blake
A. M. Esaabhoy 2nd subscription Soc. Fr. des Charbonnages du Tonkin
Collection at Christian
Service...
500
cast:
swell.
359.52
8am.
9 a.m.
64.37 53.10
NW.
4.5 Squally rain,
250
WNW.
200
200
9.30 a.m.
47
W. by N.
8 Blind, squall
200
9.45 Bill.
101 8.11.
10.11
PUS
Lowest read.
Science
104
ing.
W. by S
I
Fierce torm
of wind, rain,
Church, Wanchai
96.45
and spray.
Chief Constructor
Department,
37a.m.
41,6
17 .311- F
Noon. 52.08
SW, by W. SW. by S.
X.
10
Naval Yard ..
93.80
10 Storm abating. 8,7 Moderate: violent ruin squalls.
Proceeds of Organ Recital 8t.
John's Cathedral
62.07
Men of 129th. Baluchis
60.40
So, the center passed to the north of the Delhi hetween 9.45 and 10 am,
The velocity, checked by the struggle against the very high pressures of the north, went. increasing, as the center was coming nearer lo the coast; the track was approximately WNW. or W. by N.: the swell was noticed at 420 miles' distance on the China Sea.
Whereas the ratio of the fall of the barometer was less ou board the ship. Casser (which may be ascribed parlly to the ship's movement; than at Sauto Domingo, and the minimum reading at this station lower than on board the ship, we may conclude that the center passed at a greater distance north of the ship than of Santo Domingo. The rearing of the wind or the Carsor is very similar to that of Santo Domirgo. This shows that the center had retained its As this reading is almost as low 83 the
direction since it passed over Santo Domingo, minimum at Hongkong, we may take it for By assuming that the center was at its shortest granted that the center passed very close to distance from the ship at 2 p.m. of the 18th, the steamer at about 3.50 a.m. of the 18th. The and that the length of the track from Santo distance from Pedra Branca to Hongkong is Domingo to the point. of least distance may be about 70 miles. The steamer bound to Hong-estimated at 80 miles, according to the circam- kong bad probably travelled westward or west- southwestward since 1 s.m. and when the center met her she was probably some 10 or 20 miles west of the islet, or some 50 miles frou Hongkong. The vortex would then have spent six hours to travel this distance, which gives a velocity of 8.3 miles per hour. The captain of the 8.8. Kweichono further reports that from 4 to 5 p.m. of the 13th he stopped three times to rescue fishermen and families in vicinity of Ninepins, rescued 26 persons, and fo nd the sea literally strewn with wreckage in every direction.
All t ese facts show how accurate was the warning se out by the Siccawei Observatory, on the morning of the 15th about this typhoon as I intended to prove.
(3) Another not less important document is the report of Capt. T. D. Andrews, K.N.R, commanding the P. and O). e. S. Delhi, which was just entering the passes of Hongkong with the London mails when the typhoon burst upon the colony. One thing only was left out of the captain's report, which we must mention-the clear-sighted and unerring way in which he saw the coming danger. We know from a note of the passengers that long before the very first squall all was tied up and ready on deck to weather the hurricane. Now, of course, since leaving Singapore, Captain Andrews had received no signal of any kind. The report simply says: September 18th, a.m.: Wet sunrise, hard clouds, greenish sky, north, east swell; short intervals. Ho was then to the south of Gap Rock, where the swell must so have been felt, even probably on the 17th in the afternoon. The
*
stances of the ship's position and movement, we may farther couclade that the velocity of translation of the storm was again about. 8 miles per hour. Finally, the observations on board the Caesar show also that the storm increased in violence since it left Santo Domingo,
The fall of the barometer from 9.30 a.m. to 10.45 a.m. on board tlie S.S. Delhi is very remark- able and a record by itself. Seven millimeters in fifteen minutes This may explain the extreme violence of the wind in Hongkong.
There is a very striking resemblance between the batograms of the Hongkong cyclone and that of the Aparri cyclone, which we publish side by side. The latter storm, which was felt in Guan on the 10th, destroyed the northern part of Cagayan Valley some twenty hours after the former reached Hongkong. This is the storm which passed through the south of Hong. kong at about 6 am. of the 2th and which we reported to that colony on the 18th at 3 45 p.m.: "Typhoon out in the Pacific EN. of Manila, moving probably to WNW.; " and on the 19th at 10 a.r.: "The cyclone has crossed Luzon near parallel 17', direction given."
|
As regards Hongkong, the particulars of the catastrophe are too well known to be detailed here. I shall end this short account of facts by tating that it has been a very serious drawback not to be in telegraphic communication with Batanes Islands, there being no cable to Santo Domingo; as we could otherwise send to the neighboring observatories very precise inform- ation forty-eight hours before the disaster.
Manila Observatory, October 10th, 1906,
JOSE ALOUE, S. J., Director of the Weather Bureau.
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42.40
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10
10
10
10
10
10 10---
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Dr. Atkinson Dr. W. V. Koch W. B. N. Moore Frank Browne R. Chapman Sung Tong Kan Yeung Man Yuh Worg King Chi Tang Yan Wing Cheng Kam Ming Li Mim
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50
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