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facilities for trade rather than a money in- demnity as the best reparation possible. certain money indemnity is necessary. This cannot be disputed; but as we have claimed all through the
present troubles the right line of policy is not to draw au enormous um from the Chinese people in continuance of the old and ineffective policy hitherto pursued by foreigu Powers in their dealings with China, but to teach the Government and people of the empire alike that the time has gone past when they maintain their attitude of exclusiveness towards and superiority over the rest of the world. It is by putting intercourse, more particularly commercial intercourse, between the Powers and China upon a rational foot- ing that this is to be achieved, and Lord CRANBORNE, while fixing his attention on the words about not treating China differ- ently from any European Power, glided over the really important point. For this the framer of the amendment is himself much to blame by the unfortunate phrasing which he adopted. It was perhaps with some idea of this that Mr. WALTON ultimately with- drew his amendment.
THE CRISIS: TELEGRAMS.
[FROM OUR CORRESPONDENTS.]
THE HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS AND
· HONGKONG SANITARY BOARD.
A NEW MEMBER.
The PRESIDENT announced that he had re- caived a letter from the Colonial Secretary stating that His Excellency the Governor had appointed Lieut. Col. Hughes, R.A.M.C., to be a member of the Sanitary Board in place of Lient.-Col. Brown resigned.
[January 19, 1901.
ing out anti-malarial measures, as repeatedly arged upon us by the Colonial Office. The On Thurday afternoon, 17th inst., a meeting of President and Vice-President being non- President (the Hon. B. D. Ormsby, Director of under any circumstances. Now, sir, what is our the Hongkong Sanitary Board was held. The believers would not, I presume, have supported me Public Works) occupied the chair, and there present position? Dr. Thomson's appointment were also present, the Vice-President, the Hon announced “ by authority " with so much gusto, F. H. May, C.M.G. (Captain Superintendent is a myth. Dr. Young, who was promised, but of Police), Dr. Bell (Acting Principal Civil Me--never given, an officer to instruct, has left the dical Officer), Mr. J. McKie, Dr. Hartigan, Mr. colony. A medical man may have been re- E. Osborne, Dr. F. Clark (Medical Officer of quisitioned from home whose work will be in Health), Mr. Fung Wa Chuon, and Mr. G. A the laboratory and in no way to replace that of Woodcock (Secretary).
"the medical officer for mosquitoes," whose duties would be eminently practical, and who in any case cannot arrive here for some months, and the measures which the Secretary of State, supported by the most eminent scientists in the United Kingdom, has requested us to put in force are either utterly neglected or left to be carried ont haphazard by the careless Chinese coolie under the ignorant (because uninstructed) supervision a of subordinate officer of the P.WD This description is not exaggerated, though it may appear so. The P.C.M.O. told us on Dec. 6th that this matter had been engaging the at- tention of the Government for some months past. On Dec. 10th, by special request, Dr. Young sent in a report on the Kennedytown Nullah. Certain pools, quite small and easily dealt with, were pointed out as the "foci" of disease; these were to be immediately filled up. On Jan. 4th, accompanied by Dr. Young, I examined these pools, and found them swarming with anopheles, and except clearing away some of the brush- wood and leaving much actually overhanging the worst pool, nothing had been done. A few days ago another infected nullah, that near the Nethersole Hospital, was being cured" in this manner. Two pools were filled up with mud-which would be a mockery to call chun-nam, and which was certainly not lime
THE ANOPHELES POOLS ATt kennedytÓWŃ. the Colonial Secretary, was submitted:-
The following letter, dated January 9th, from
"In reply to your letter No. 178 of the 23rd November, enquiring what steps the Govern ment propose to take with a view to the aboli- tion of the anopheles pools in the immediate neighbourhood at Kennedytown, I am directed to inform you that an overseer of the Public Works Department accompanied Dr. Young to Kennedytown on the 21st ultimo, and that as the result of their inspection men of the Public Works Department were set to work on the 8th inst. and are now filling up the hollows pointed out by Dr. Young in the neighbourhood to which you refer.”
SHANGHAI, 10th January, 8.11 p.in. The following minutes were appended :- Tientsin telegraphs that the latest news Dr. Hartigan:-" I visted the Kennedytown from Peking is to the effect that the terms premises on Jan. 4th, when not one of these presented by the Powers are still unsigned pools had been touched. It seems a pity the owing to the second refusal of the Em-work could not have been done whilst Dr. Young was in the colony to supervise. The peror to sanction them.
Inspector who accompanied Dr. Young is not, I am informed, the person in charge of the work."
SHANGHAI, 13th January, 10.30 p.m. The latest news to hand is that the Court' has accepted the Allies' terms. Chang Chih-tung withdraws his objections. Liu Kung-yis criticisms are fairly reasonable, and he puts no serious obstacle in the way of the acceptance of the terms.
The Taotai here promises the return of Kung Chao, the young Reformer who was illegally arrested in Shanghai, to the Mixed Court's jurisdiction.
SHANGHAI, 14th January, 10 p.m. Prince Su, the Emperor's young brother, has offered to proceed to Berlin to apologise to Germany for the murder of Baron von Ketteler!
The date of the Emperor's return from Hsianfu to Peking is uncertain.
The famine in Shensi province affects no less than five millions of people.
SHANGHAI, 16th January, 0 a.m. Yuan Shikai has been ordered to Peking to assist in the peace discussion. He pro- bably declines.
As a result of the serious charges brought by Liu Kung-yi, the Empress Dowager has degraded Lu Chuan-lin a few steps.
The island of Celebes, in the Dutch East Indies, has the distinction of being the home of the smallest living representative of the wild cattle, or indeed, of the wild cattle of any period of the earth's history. Its height at the shoul- der is only about 3ft. 3in., whereas that of the great Indian wild ox, or gaur, is at least 6ft. 4in., and may, Bocording to some writers, reach as much as ft. In fact, the anos is really not much, if at all larger than a well-grown Sonthdown sheep. In its young state and during middle life, the anoa is covered with a fairly thick coat of somewhat woolly hair, which is at first yellowish brown, but eventually becomes dark brown or blackish. In common with other Asiatic buffaloes, the hair is reversed along the middle line of the neck and back as far as the haunches that is to say, the tips are directed towards the head instead of t towards the tail. It passes most of its time in thick forests in the neighbourhood of water,
The Hon. F. H. May:-"Has Dr. Hartigan read Professor Koch's report on malaria and its prevention ?"
The Hon. R. D. Ormsby-" It is not possible during the holidays. Dr. Young only explained to collect coolies, lime, cement, overseers, etc,
December. Men were sent to the work as soon what he wanted on Saturday evening, the 22nd
as it was possible to do so."
Dr. HARTIGAN stated that at a previous meet ing Dr. Bell said Dr. Thomson had been com- missioned to act as Medical Officer for mosqui toes and would report from time to time. He should like to ask if Dr. Thomson was doing
the work.
Dr. BELL said he did not think Dr. Hartigan had a right to ask him a question directly, and if it was an official question he could not answer it unless he had permission. He stated what Dr. Thomson had been set aside to do. Whe- ther he was doing it or not, he could not say. If the Board wrote in officially they would get an official answer.
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to be washed out by the first shower, and lest this should not suffice, a broken water-pipe was making fresh pools for the evicted anopheles to. harbour in. A leading citizen, whose house and property lie in the West District, and whose ser vants suffered severely from malaria traced to in fection from anopheles, after five months corres- pondence with the Government is told that all garden, and that the Government can do nothing his ills come from leaving broken tea-pots in his
quitoes were found in the public nullah and in for him, although, mark you, the infected mos
pools made by the broken and diseased Pok. fulam conduit and its overflows. I have given these examples because I can personally vouch for their accuracy. Ea uno disce omnes. If the compaign against malaria is being carried out in the east of the colony in a similar manner it can only end in failure, bring discredit on carefully thought out plans
whose efficacy have been in great measure proved-and, in Major Ronald Ross's words addressing the London Art Club on ..this subject, "allow the murder still to continue." The British Medical Journal, speaking on the support given by Lord Lister to the Mosquito Malarial theory, says "The frank acceptance of Dr. HARTIGAN said he happened to know the theory by so great a master will do much the work for the simple reason that he the practical measures it so plainly indicates." that Dr. Thomson could not have been doing to insure its general acceptance and to hurry o
Fon met him going about his every-day work.. It further says: Most men when they get on Continuing, Dr. Hartigan said:-On Decem-in years, although they may retain their capa- ber 6th, I moved that the Government be city for original work in their special line, lose asked to detail a subordinate officer who the catholic faculty of assimilating or even should be instructed in the manner of recognis- comprehending new ideas or of appreciating ing and dealing with anopheles poods. Both fresh developments." Our chief civil and mili- Dr. Young and Dr. Thomson, who were then tary authorities have followed the noble example carrying out the anti-malarial measures in this of Lord Lister and adopted the new theory, and colony, were willing if so directed to teach one the work at the Sanitorium is an example of of the Inspectors of our own Department or one their desire to carry out the logical consequences of the Road Surveyors of the P.W.D. the de- of their convictions, but unfortunately others of tails of the work. The P.C.M.O., in explaining our local Legislature, whose wishes have his reasons for not supporting my proposition, apparently to be consulted, have allow with whose object he was in complete accord, ed their better judgment to be cloud- said: "This matter, had been engaging the ed by the obscure vapourings of an un- attention of the Government for some months informed and splenetic convalescent rolept past," and he went on to say that "in"Visitor" and pronounce
ace all efforts rubbish. view of the appointment of Dr. Thomson as As my words or opinions will have little weight special medical officer he did not see the necessity or effect on them, I would recommend a perussi for another man.' Major Brown likewise did of the article in the October Quarterly and not vote with me, because the Government Major Ross's address to the London Art Society, themselves intended to do at once so much both, though semi-scientific, written for the more than I asked for. Mr. Fung Wa Chuon laity in plain simple language, within the privately expressed himself as taking the same average capacity of the most ordinary school- view, so that not one of these three members boy, which when they have digested, the opposed my motion per se, and two at least facts contained therein will prove convine- were strong supporters of the necessity of carry--ing. I believe that good can be done by
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