the responsibility attaching to them for their participation in the rebellion being waived.
8.-—Soldiers who, holding officer's rank, have seduced the troops or taken steps to seduce them to rebel.
-Soldiers who have directly co-operated in the rebellion or in the establishment of illegal associations, or have been propogandists of the
same.
Those included in this category will have their personal punishment remitted, but the deprivation of office or dissmissal from the service to which they may have been sentenced will remain in force.
5.-Public functionaries who may have been punished with disqualification as their principal or accessory punishment.
THE HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS AND
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by his strict impartiality, probity, and justice, punishing severely all those who were found to be the oppressors of the poor and the wrongdoers. But the most wonderful part of this rebellion is the horoic Those included in this category will be con-part played and distinction and fame earned by ceded the commutation of their punishment to a Chinaman. It is said that Emilio Aguinaldo that immediately inferior.
has for his aide-de-camp a pure Chinaman. His Christian name is José Garcia Pana (Jao Paoco in the Amoy dialect) and he has a strange history. He was employed as foreman of an iron foundry in Barraca, which is a street in the district of Binondo, one of the thickly populated suburbs of Manila. In consequence of some difference with his employer he left the said foundry, and established one of his own in Jaboneros Street of the same district, but he had to close it very soon as he had not enough capital to carry on his enterprise. In the meantime the rebellion broke out in Cavite, and as Pana was married to a native woman who was born and was living in the village of Cavite Viejo, he went over to Cavite to find her, and from that time he remained there in company of Aguinaldo, with whom he was on terms of close friendship long before the rebellion. Paua was placed in charge of the casting of bronze guns, which in this rebellion have played sad havoc with the Spanish army, and he was also made Aguinaldo's aide-de-camp. It is said that Paua is a capital shot and is also very brave, betray. ing none of the cowardly traits of his race. He has picked out and shot many officers of the loyalist troops on the battlefields, and he was always the last in retreat with Aguinaldo. Such prowess, valour, and coolness shown by an ordinary Chinaman have aroused great surprise and admiration all over the province, which has been the scene of many sanguinary fights for these last eight months.
Those included in this category will have their personal punishment remitted, that of disqualification remaining operative.
Article III.-The individuals included in Article I. will be placed at liberty immediately, the prosecutions which may have been instituted against them being abandoned.
Article IV.-Those included in Article II. who wish to avail of its benefit may obtain the same on soliciting it from my authority and protesting penitence for their past conduct.
With respect to those included in this article, the cases against them will continue to their ordinary termination.
Article V-Requires the Public Prosecutors to send particulars of pending cases to the office of the Governor-General.
Artiole VI.-For the enjoyment of the benefits conceded by this order the following conditions are indispensable :
1-That the criminals are at the disposition of my authority on this date.
2.That sentence has not been passed upon them in prosecutions for rebellion.
Article XII-The benefits conceded by this order will cease to have effect if those favoured relapse into vice.
Manila, 17th May, 1897.
PRIMO DE Rivera. Three hundred and thirty-four prisoners in the Manila gaols and three hundred and two in Cavite were liberated the same day.
Another order bearing the same date com- muted the sentence of transportation in the cases of a large number of prisoners whose names are set out in the order.
[FROM A CORRESPONDENT.] According to the latest advices received from Manila the rebellion has not been entirely orushed in the province of Cavite. On the 11th inst. the town of Maragondong, the last bulwark of opposition and retreat of the rebels, was taken by the Spanish forces after a very stubborn Pesistance and desperate fight, the loss on the side of the loyalist troops being far more consider able than the Spanish Government likes to admit. Though the whole of the province of Cavite is now in the hands of the Spaniards the rebels that is, the real fighting material have fled into thick jungles and mountains, and are still defying the loyalist troops. The life and soul of this rebellion and the leader of the band still fighting against the Government is a native called Emilio Aguinaldo. This man has earned
THE IMPROVEMENT OF MACAO HARBOUR.
[May 29 1897.
In asking you to kindly publish the above few suggestions I hope I shall not appear im- pertinent in taking up a subject somewhat foreign to my profession; but if my few practi- cal remarks will have the effect of directing the attentions of the proper authorities to this simple and inexpensive method of utilizing the natural current to deepen the entrance to the port I shall be more than satisfied.
I have gone to some pains to inquire into the above subject, with the result that this amount of work can be done for this sum of money at Hongkong and I see no reason why it should not be done for the same or even less at Macao. Of course a great deal depends at what depth hard bottom can be found.
At places in Hongkong the stone has sunk, 50 feet before striking hard ground.
I think this could all be fairly ascertained be- fore entering on the project,
It is a very easy matter to suggest the con- struction of a breakwater costing $1,000,000. But what is the use of doing so when we know the resources of the colony will not admit ef such ontlay.
We know that such barriers as suggest have stood in the rivers of China for years. All we require is something to resist the ordinary current, such as a tidal barrier.
Now as to cost. Truly $200,000 seems. great deal of money to call upon a government to expend; but if it can be proved beyond a doubt by competent authority that such outlay would have the desired effect of deepening the entrance to the port and affording a decent harbour for its shipping, surely it would be money well spent. And it must be remembered that "the longer the delay the greater the struggle."
The natural current is running to waste!
Recent experience proves to me that it is the current from the Broadway of the West River that has deepened the Bngio Channel and with the same current 'contracted between the Pedra Areca Bock and Barra Point, I am The following letter by Captain Clarke on the equally bound to believe that its effects would construction and estimated cost of a tidal bar-be to deepen the channel off Gnia, as also that rier at Macao appears in the Echo Macaense :- Sir,-According to my promise I now have the pleasure of forwarding you a few figures as to the dimensions, construction, and cost of the suggested breakwater between Joan Point and Pedra Areca Rock. The calculations as to cost, etc., are based on figures for similar work at the sister colony of Hongkong.
Allowing for average depth of water, say 16 ft. to H.W.S. with 2 ft. above surface-18 ft.. and assuming the level of hard bottom to be 18
it. below the surface of river bed-36 ft., 20 ft. top surface angle of sides 45 deg. or 1 to 1 gives base 92 ft. 92 ft. by 25-64 c. yards per foot at $0.50 contract price. 64 by $0.50-832 per foot, 6,000 ft. at $192,000.
For the construction of such a barrier it
would require 384,000 cubic yards of stone and there can be no doubt that this would be the cheapest system, as there is an unlimited supply right at hand.
I world suggest the work to be done at minimum cost, so that in case of damage by severe typhoon repairs could be executed at once. Construction-Mark ont line of work by piles every 500 ft. or so and deposit granite boulders pierre perdue from junks, allowing material to find its own slope. At end of first
off the I. M. Customs station at Ma-lao-chow, with results very much to be desired by all who are interested in the trade and prosperity of dear old Macao.-Yours sincerely,
WILLIAM E. CLARKE,
THE HOLDING OF LAND BY FOREIGNERS, IN FORMOSA.
The following Regulations with reference to the sale or letting of real estate to foreigners in Formosa have been issned by the Governor- General:
Art. I. The sale, granting, transferring, mortgaging or pledging of land to foreigners is not permitted.
Art. II.-Beyond the limits of the space
allotted for purposes of mixed residence at the
or lands to foreigners, or to sell, grant, transfer, open ports, it shall not be lawful to rent houses mortgage or pledge houses to them. Provided that foreigners in the employ of the Govern, ment or of the people may rent houses outside the settlements by permission of the Governor General.
a unique fame in the Philippines during the | typhoon season the onter slope of finished por mortgage or pledge houses to them, or, as pro- :
rebellion. It is said that he has proved by his strategic movements and the almost impreg- that he is nable defence works that he threw up has also a man of rare military genius, - proved himself to be a capable governor and administrator during the time that the rebellion has been in active progress, and he is described by many of the captives as noble, brave, generous, and honest, carrying out his word to the last letter. Several of the Spanish who had the misfortune to be captured during the first outburst of the insurrection were treated by him with great humanity and kindness. It is said that while other native commanders and heads have proved them- selves to be cowardly and unfit for fight, squeez- ing from the poor villagers contributions and taxes under the pretence of carrying on the rebellion, but in reality to enrich themselves, and wreaking revenge on their personal enemies, Aguinaldo has shone conspicuous
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tion to be trimmed by divers in dress to uni- form slope of about 45 deg.
The finished work to be from 15 to 20 feet wide on top and the slopes on each side about 45 deg.
Heavy stone not less than 8 feet cube depo- sited on the eastern face.
In order to offer the least resistance to heavy sea the wall should only be about 2 feet above H.W.S.
Let contract for work finished and to be main- tained for one year after date of completion.
Payment to contractors made monthly calon- lated on number of loads deposited and the quantity of material in each junk. Boats to be measured at stated hours by competent man and 15 per cent. of cost retained till expiration of period of maintenance.
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Time of construction would depend upon arrangement; about one year would be long enough to have the work in an effective state.
Art. III.-Persong desiring to lease houses or lands to foreigners within the limits of the foreign settlements, or to sell, grant, transfer, vided in the last clause of Art. II., to rent houses to them outside the limits of the said settlements, must first report the matter to the local Go- vernor of the district and obtain his permission The same provision shall apply to ceding to foreigners the power of subletting.
Art. III-Any violations of Art. III. shall. involve a fine of from 2 to 25 yen.-Japan Mail,
HONGKONG.
There were 2,295 visitors to the City Hall
H.M.S. Undaunted arrived on Thursday from Museum last week, of whom 174 were Europeans. Trincomalee, where she received a new crew from H.M.8. Edgar.
A Government Gazette Extraordinary was issued on the 25th May continuing the prohibi- a further period of six months, tion of the export of arms from this colony for
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