1991-10-22 — Page 25

特教

二期星日二廿月十(一九九一)年十八國民華中

學中下屬局長保

會運水校聯行舉

橋可蘇迢祖應邀主禮致詞。 池粲行第九屆聯合水運會,文康麥 泳池拯溺隊負安拯救援服務致 中學,日前(十九日}假荔技角泳 院团學義務擔任裁判工作、荔枝角 一下九間·迪全膻人員的協助、葛量洪教育學 石痍 百忙中抽空主禮外,並向荔技角泳 保 副主席除多謝蘇燿祖 恵

表現合作精神 - 希望各同學具有不 [图晅成執∴

保良局主席兼校战车准的政 培養同學們堅斯的意志力,-

份 女高——董翠玲(蔗】 一佩。李主席又丧示,水運會是各校 男高.........梁子穎(莊) 推廣 生課外活動中的一項,不但女初————李韻怡二) 质,而各校校長及老師,全心全意 個人全場冠軍

·關或學生成續方面,均有痛意的成 成余公布, 獻身教育工作的精神,尤令人欽 男初文橋一字) 的教育方针指引下,無論在教學 1991-1992 ) 阿時表示,該批窩下中學,在共同 第九屆保良局中學聯校水運會( 至於水運會成績附列如後:

红女男

機,一但在於運商,在其他方面: 亞軍:首周年

向本身挑戰和競賽的精神,愆 男子初级組冠軍;李城亞

亦定必有收獲。

季軍:胡忠

文康廣播可蘇超和致詞時稱, 香港體育發展開始在世界體壇嶄露

亞軍:百周年 男子回德冠軍;李城璧

報日僑等

香港體育爭一分光。 谑,培鑱合群及守紀律的精神外, 季軍:百周年 校方面藉着苦行+除鍛煉學生的瞭·亞運】丰城 史可爲本港培育傑出餵有人才,爲

成果。而學校經發現已列入康發 季軍:董玉娣 FREKTESZSZKERKS DE 499. 展局長澁體育發展策略中,希望學 女子初級組冠軍,胡忠

航信財獲得優異成績,可說是政府須女子團體冠軍,百周年

少了一頭角,在個別項日,例如乒乓球、‘季軍:朱敬文

| 在亞洲運動會及其他國際性比賽中 季軍:總理 風帆、羽毛球、壁球、泳等, 亞軍:朱敬文 | 昨球、筱葳、劍、射、滑限 男子高級組冠軍:李城璧

女子高級組冠軍:百周年 亞軍:黃玉娣

奔最佳成績,並打低了戴項學校紀

·水運會開始,各校健兒努力爭

*

·季軍:黃玉

全場嘅體冠軍:李城璧 季·李城陵 亞軍;百周年.

會後,由该局副主席會少春致

(25)育教 ]港 日五十月九年未辛眉豆

短枝焰生热光强异

全隊新界南區各同抱所認同;陳偉與其部下,上級建立了梁早 時 - 抱着敬業樂業精神,經常身先士卒,甘願前鋒,爲交通安 [特訊}交通安全隊新界南區陳偉指揮官,在近年執勤

新界南交通安全隊

指揮官陳偉獲表揚

由於近年內,

區交通網絡上,治情。 陳偉在指楎新界南助理總監,圖左爲陳偉助理總監。(本報

交通安全隊新界南區指揮官榮膦高級

BOHE

紅及李國樑等人。

技、梁慧敏、李獅

娟、楊偉祺、呂

一生、許振隆、黃

·、張學長、李錦

光、王汝南、陳建

强、林興森、許垂

昇的長官計有張

·陳偉道賀。.....

另外,受到提

゚ 粥門首長更趨前向

,在會場中,有關 署長的祝賀和致意 士及區城市政總署

-受到許雄太平紳

麗華店酒店啓議廳

·..陳偉昨日在美 曾高級助理總監。 二十一日提擢沈偉

於一九九一年十月

向關惹習紗關美。偉月逡!

い

陳錦建華

全隊新界南區

升任高 助理 長官 典

政策,且有收緊香港僑胞回台定居的規限,令香港人失業,遂令香

港人對國府失兒,因而漸漸不太關注台灣的情况。

政治正論

口冷

蘇紹祖主禧頒獎 保局屬下中學邀請文機廣播司

E

口倫雨

·過,發出蚊子的營營聲。」 似地直吐下來,在劉茎耳邊抓

生動-娓娓道來,極扣人心弦。 「他覺得大家都闳了,張大 這就是張愛玲小說的特色 大的蚊木塞-含在嘴裏。」用詞

。

行程

M

1992 中學報考預習專欄

明德出版社-

MILL & DALE PRESS

Biology (3)

FOOD SCIENCE:

REVISION NOTES:

Food types:

T.M. LẠI

Proteins: made up of amino acids, 'composed of H, O, N, S, P. elements, 20 important amino acids. Plants can make their own acids, animals can only make 12 types of amino acids others are required in diet and are called essential amino acids. They are easily denatured by heat. Insoluble.. May be functional e.g. enzymes, or may be structural in function e.g. muscles, bones.

Carbohydrates:

Monosaccharides e.g. glucose, fructose, galactose. Water soluble, with reducing power.

Dissacharides e.g. sucrose, maltose, lactose. Sweeter, water reducing except sucrose.

Polysaccharides

e.g. -glycogen, cellulose. Tasteless, water insoluble, non-reducing.

Lipids are complex organic compounds contain C, H, 0. Formed by condensation of fatty acids and glycerol. Exist as liquid (oil) on-semi-solids (fat).. Greasy, water insoluble, soluble in alcohol, ether., chloroform. Release twice amount of energy than

1992 中學會考預習專欄

109 510 5 15.74, p

MILL & DALE. PRESS

Geography (3)

P. F. Chan

MOUNTAIN BUILDING PROCESSES Plate tectonics provides the basic explanation .for the formation of mountains on' the earth's surface. Three mountain building processes can be identified as a result of the movement of plates.

A. Folding

1. Folding

15 the result of compressional forces acting layers of rocks which are bent or folded.

2. Types of folds

(a) Simple; fold (symmetrical fold) Both limbs are symmetrical..

i.e. of equal steepness

(i) Anticline

- upfold

(ii) Syncline

- down fold

(b) Asymmetrical fold

The axial plane is

no longer

vertical and one limb is steeper than the other.

(c) Overfold

One limb has pushed over other limb.

(d) Recumbent "fold

the

One limb rests on the adjacent one and the two limbs are almost parallel.

(e) Overthrust fold (nappe)

the

rocks fracture and one limb is thrust forward onto the other limb.

3. Fold mountains

Mountains which are made of folded rocks.

(a) The formation of fold mountain

Sediments were deposited in vast depression or geosyncline. AS deposition continued, sediments were increased in weights and hardness,

turned was

into sedimentary rock. The weight of the deposited material lead to the slow sinking of the geosyncline. After millions of years, the sinking of the geosyncline more together and these compressional forces caused the sedimentary layers to fold into high mountains. (b) Types of fold mountains () old fold mountains

They were formed at a much earlier period in the earth's history, but they are lower and less rugged because weathering erosion, SO that residual mountain masses remain.

كرية

only

Here are stable zones with earthquakes and

rare volcanic recent times.

eruptions in

Old fold mountains - -Hercynian fold Mountains

(275 million years ago)

2.4.

the

Appalachians

carbenydrates. Used as energy reserves. cushioning and insulating substances. Vitamins: complex organic compounds, required in small amount to keep the

Own

body healthy. They have no energy value. Plants produce their vitamins while human can only produce vitamin D (under sunlight) and K (by colon bacteria). Defficiency diseases:

A: nightblindness feat more fish liver, oils, butter, eggs)

B: beriberi Teat more milk, whole cereal grains)

By: dermatitis (eat more milk, liver, meat!

C: scurvy (eat more fresh fruits, vegetables)

0: rickets (eat more butter, milk; eggs)

E sterility in rats (eat more eggs, vegetables)

K; haemorrhage

tomatoes)

Minerals:

(eat

more

liver.

Inorganic substances, required in small amount to regulate metabolism and body building.

Defficiency diseases:

break seed

dormancy... etc.

Roughage: indigestible plant

parts

mainly made up of cellulose, they can be used to stimulate peristalsis. Deficiency would cause constipation. Calorific value of food: T Calorific value of food is the energy value of the food in terms of calorie (or Joule) released when the food is burnt completely in an environment of pure oxygen.

Instrument oftenly employed for this purpose is called calorimeter. Unit of energy: Calorie or Joule (1 Calorie 4.2 Joutes)

Unit of calorific value: Kj/g food.

NOTES ON FOOD TESTS: Reducing sugars:

Benedict's test sample solution Benedict's/Fehling's solution and heat --> red precipitate

For glucose, we may make use of clinistix paper which shows different colorations and the approximate amount of glucose in the liquid sample could be determined. This

for is usefull testing gloria. Nonreducing sugar:

Calcium: rickets, haemorrhage at mare.g. sucrose hydrolyse with

cheese, milk).

Phosphorus: rickets (eat more chest

egg).

Iron: anaemia.

dat more egg, heat,

liver). Todine:

seafoods).

Fluorine:

(eat

tooth decay leat

more

more

seafoods) Katent used for transport, as solvent, enzymes, photosynthesis,

.(U.S.A.)

-Caledonian fold mountains

(400 million years ago)

e.g.

the

Scandinavia

Highlands (Norway ·and Sweden)

1) Young

B. Faulting

fold. mountains (Alpine fold mountains) They were formed abount 35 million: years

ago,

therefore

they are very *high and very rugged,

Instability. vulcanicity and frequent earthquakes occured in these zones.

the Andes (South America)

the

malayas (India) the Rock tes (North America)

1. A fault is a break in rock due to

either tensional or compressional movements of the plates, along which there has been A movement or. displacement of rack.

2. Types of fault.

(a) Normal fault

It is caused by tensional forces and that one block slides down relative to the other.

(b) Reverse fault

It is caused by compressional forces and that one block is pushed up relative to the other. (c) Tear fault

It is produced by lateral movement and that .two blocks along a fault move horizontally in opposite directions.

3. (a) Block faulting

Earth movements may cause the crust to be divided into blocks by a series of fault lines, 1.e. several faults fairly parallel to one another.

by

(1) Block mountain (horst) A horst is formed tencional force. The central block is left upstanding by either one of the following:

01

(a) The sinking of the outerblock

the outerside of a pair of normal fault.

(b) The

the uplift of central block between the two normal fault.

usually

The horst are bordered by very steep slope caused fault scarp. e.g. Block Forest in Germany.

is

(ii) Tilt block The

black uplifted tilted. (iii) Rift Valley (Graben)

A rift valley is a long deep depression, it may be Formed by either one of the following:

(a) It may be caused by tension and the sinking of central block between two normal fault.

(b) It may be caused by compressional, two reverse

neutralise then perform test. Red precipitate Saal

presence of it.

Proteins: Biuret's test: sodium hydroxide: copper sulphate + heat + sample colour change from blue to violet. Lipids:

Forms translucent spot on paper. Forms milky emulsion with alcohol,

fault have developed and the outer blocks are thrust upward. The compression not only forces the outerblock to override the area between the

fault

but. a150 depresses the central block

which become valley. e.g. R. Rhine, the East African Rift Valley.

G. Vulcanicity

a

Vulcanicity is the process by which magma is forced into the crust or ejected onto the surface.

1. Intrusive vulcanicity

(a) The magma stays and cools within.

the crust.

i.e. does not reach the surface. (b) Features formed by intrusive

vulcanicity.

3) Bathalith

is

It is a huge Threous intrusion which decends to great depths. It cooled, very slowly underground and often forms the root of

mountain.

it Sometimes

becomes exposed at the surface through

prolonged weathering and erosion of the mountain.

(ii) Laccolith

It is a large Intrusions of igneous rocks form dome-shaped masses.

which

(111) Sill

Magna is Intruded and solidified along a bedding plane of sedimentary rocks

into

a non-vertical in Igneous metamorphic rocks.

and

Magma is cut across bedding

planes sedimentary racks or onto vertical cracks in igneous and metamorphic rocks.

the of

۵۳ crack

(iv) Dyke

2. Extrusive vulcanicity

(a) Magma that reaches the surface is called lava, it reaches the surface either through AN opening at the surface called a vent or through a long crack in the surface rocks which is called a fissure.

(b) Types of lava

(1) Basic lava

It contains less silica.

It is a fluid lava' and can flow

а longer distance before it solidifies.

(ii) Acid lava

It contains more silica.

It is a viscous lava and can flow a shorter distance before it solidifies. formed by

(c) Features

vulcanicity. (i) Lava platform

Successive

extrusive

outpouring

of lava from fissure builds up 3 platform-liked feature which buries the original landscape.

It is often composed of basic lava.

POINTS

OF INTEREST:

1. People living in cold areas tend to eat more fat because weight for weight. fat releases more energy than other kinds of food. This is to replenish heat loss from the body to the cold surrounding.

2. The following people has a higher energy requirement. than normal: young children/babies, pregnant women, outdoor workers and people living in cold regions.

3. When

energy intake exceeds comsumption the man overweighs.

4. When energy intake is less than

consumption the man losses weight.

5. Milk contains most of the essential nutrients e.g, sugar, calcium, ions which is important for bone or teeth formation and blood clotting.

QUESTIONS OF CHALLENGE: -

1. Given the following energy values,

find out the amount of milk needed. by a baby to meet his daily energy requirements. Assume that a baby needs 6000 kj of energy a day. Human milk: component

energy value

300 kj/100 ml

usually

higher

200 kj/100 ml

have a etabolic rate than adults. Give two Reasons for that.

3. Why milk can be considered as a more or less landed diet for babies in their early days

The solidified lava may be weathered to form deep, fertile back. soil.

e.g. Deccan Plateun (India) (ii) Volcano

Volcabulary:

If lave reaches the surface via a vent then it büflds"

up a cone-shaped mound. (1) Lavane

It is made up of lava only. The laya Plows out quietly to build up the cone, because no explosive activity is involved. shape and the slope of its ides depend upon the type

dava that forms it..

The

Acid lava cone (dome volcano)

Viscous acid lava produces cone with steep slopes because the lava does not flow easily..

b) Basic lava cone (shield

volcario)

Fluid basic lava will build up gently sloping cone with broad base, because the lava flows easily. (2) Ash and cinder cone When Java is violently ejected, it is blown up to great heights and breaks

Boundary

Constructive plate margin Zone of construction/ divergence/spreading

1. oceanic plate &

oceanic plate

2. continental plate &

continental plate

Destructive plate margin

Zone of destruction/ convergence/ Compression

1. continental plate &

continental plate

2. continental plate

$ oceanic plate

3. conservative plate margin (Zone of conservation)

AM I RIGHT?

4. The disease called Kwashiorkor is. oftenly found in countries with malnutrition..

5. Mammals

have

a relatively lower.

metabolic rate since they have to maintain their body temperature constant.

6. One cannot synthesise protein by

taking in carbohydrates only.

7. Addition of Benedict's solution to

glucose would give precipitate.

ANSWERS:

1. Amount of milk required:

6000 x 100/(300+ 200)ml = 1200.ml

red

2. (1) due to higher growth rate/rapid

By body development. (11) surface area to body volun

ratio is higher. Heat loss is 'more' easy. Higher metabolic

*.

with

rate compensates for the heat loss. 3. It is nicely balanced

carbohydrates, fats proteias, minerals, water as well as vitamins. (But it lacks rdughage, vitamin C). 4. right

5. No. They have a higher metabolic

rate.

6. No. Carbohydrates can be converted into proteins by the body itself.

7. No. Heat must be applied before you

can see anything.

Summary on PLATE TECTONICS

Features

-mid-oceanic ridge -rift valley *volcanic activity:

vising basaltic magma -new oceanic crust is

Tormed -earthquake

-faulting

-rift valley

-volcanic activity:

rising magma -earthquake

-faulting

-fold mountain

-volcanic intrusion but

no violent eruption -earthquake -metamorphí sin

-subduction of oceanic plate and form trench (in Benioff Zone) -edge of oceanic plate

melt into nagu -volcanic activity:

rising maya

volcanic eruption -earthquake

-fold rountain

-transform fault -no volcanic activity -earthquake

into small

fragments.

These fragments fall back

to earth around the vent and builds up a cone.

They are steep-sided, "Concave slope cone-butte up of ash. The finer ashes deposited. On the Jower

slope.

(3) Composite cone The cone is made up of alternate layers of ash and

·Tava. Each new eruption with

great

violence produces ash and clinders which fall back around the vent and form the basis of the cone..

With the vent cleared, lava now pours out more freely and it spreads out over the cone burying. the ash and cinder layer. Repeated violent ejections followed by flows of lava. build up a cone steadily in height.

Sometimes conelets called parasitic cones develop on the side of a composite volcano as a résult of cracks during violent eruptions.

e.g. Mauna Loa (Hawaii)

Examples

divergence between American plate à Africani plate

nid-Atlantic Ridge is formad

divergence between African place & Indian plate

East African Rift

valley is formed

e.g. 1

collision between

Eurasian plate & Indian plate

Himalayas

8.g. 2

collision between

Eurasian plate & African plate

Alps

collision batheca S.

American plate & Nazca plate

Peru-Chile Trench Andes Nountain

Pacific plate slide over American plate

San Andreas Fault

core, wantle, oceanic crust, trench, subduction, Benioff Zone, continental crust, plate tectonic, magna, fold mountain, compression, earthquake, convection current, tension, transform fault, Himalayas, constructive, destructive, Alps. Andes Mountain, sial, sima, rift, conservative, mid-oceanic ridge, valley.

#

***

DE

H

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HARİ

FIRS

ASIA

SHAI

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Kad

HAN

DUSI

BOY

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年十八國民華中

差: 题

「但當與傳賠」啭中像會被抄家中照。

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̇大會堂劇院

·香港文化中心大劇院 香港文化中心大院

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