1990-10-13 — Page 26

十月十{〇九九一)年九十七國民華中

育歌 日玉廿月八年午庚䐶夏

誠聘幼師

*禁濕沙頭角區,葵涌梨木樹區,

急聘以下職位:

(1)全日或半日正教——有經驗已冊。

{2全日或半日助教一中學程度,有升

機會。

辦公時間電 4217410 楊主任

16748828 鄭主任

3388331李秘書

1991 中學會考預習專欄

明德出版社: MILE & DALE PRESS

Chemistry (2)

Unit continue.

3,13The 3-dimensional shapa of simple molecules can be predicted using the "oleutron pairs repulsion theory".

(a)The electron pairs around the centrál azom in a molecule arrange themselves in such a way so as to make the repulsion among them. mininum

{b}Fhe order of topulsion, is..

TLP-UP XLR-SP 76P-3P,where LP: Ash

lowe pyir and 30:15, the band pain.

N.B. A double bond or a tricle. Bond counted as one bond pair.

3.16When the electron transfer in Cionic bond formation) is incomplete.or the sharing of bond pairs between two atoms in Covalent hand formation) is risechal, a band which is partly tonic and partly covalent is resulted. Such a bond wit have propertjes intermediate tween the pure funic bond and gure. cor borid

Leg consists of pelar covalent bonds due to the unequal sliaring of the bond Hairs

薪日僑

六期星

日三十月十(〇九九一年九十七國民黨中(26)

electran clouds

Questian 1.3

Chemical formula

3.17A poler molecule is one containing a net dipole. It has a much greater abtractive force among its molecules.. it is affected an electrostatic field.

3.18structures of the supstances are closely related to the types of bondin

the properties of the substances are closely related to their structures.

lonte

- Compounds

Italcomposing

Ions

Simple Covalent Compounds

raclecules

¡Metals.

Covalent

| Structure

atoms

atomis

particles.

Strong

[ strang

Tusually

(b)Nature of

weak

force between electrostatic intermolecu an covalent bond strong they

attraction

Metallic

pa ticies

[c]Melting

very high

Jow.

Very high

bending

hight

No. of electrons in the

0120

Beo Bio Co,

2 FO

1:

2 3

4

吕

:6

outerisost shell of the element

Boiling point (°C)

1700 2500

450

Melting point (°C)

2300 3900 1500

*57 咁

21

-219-224

183-185.

Electrical conductivity of Aiquid: oxide

[good poor poor. poor poor poor poor

doformation Cabout the oxides of the elements in the, 2nd(parind of the Periodic Table is summarized in the table above,

La)Choose from the above table an oxide. which BCST fits the descriptions: below. Explain arteriy you choice in reach case.

(1)It is a yes at room temperature

and one atmospheric pressure. (2)it is most likely to be a liquid.

atroom temperature and one atmospheric pressure.

has

Complete

(3)It will Sublime when heated. (4)itis: likely composed of fons. 15)It has a giant covalent lattice.

(b)using the outermost shells only,

draw diagrams to show the electronic- structure of (1) 740- (2)00 respectively.

(@JAranger: F20.00

1,0 and N

the order of itnoveasing acidity.

mand solid.

mustly guges/hand. solid Tiquids

usually hard

sometimes soft

solids

3.14The final 3-0 shape of a molecule. is determined by the relative positions of the bond pairs. The angle. between two covalent bonds is called the Bond angle.

Examples:

津中文員

津中急聘懂打字宇二級文員中五程 度及助理員中四或以上程度具 履歷相片十月二十日前寄九龍慈 雲山毓華街100號校長收

(a) co2 double bonds.

41.28A

(b) single sands (740)

tetranodral

·JEE&ctron päles

doint/8ct wpoint:

(4)Physical.

state ac

temperature

(efElectrica

"conductivity

poor when solie, good when malten in aqueous Solution (with Chemical

changes)

Question 1.1

pcor

HA few

conducts selut ony

Six elements latered A B, C, D. E ano PE. together with their respective atomic numbers, were shown in the Table

peor (except graphite)

good:

(without any chemis changes)

below with some of the elements being denoted by letters which are NOT the

cal symbols of the elements,

Solution to Q.1.1.

(a)Clement

outergast sheli. (b)Element F. Jt only bas to gain one are electron to attain the Staple

(c)Elements B and E. It is

hecause they have the same number of. electrons in Lheir outermost shelv (d}0 has e higher" melting point. Diss metal and its atoms are held ogether by strong metallic bonding: while is a molecular solid, with

its motedules taing held tagether by. the weak inte molecular forces bnty. (el(1)The formula of x is DF, and that

(2)Compound 叉:

(c)Element C It loses electrons most

Breadi

(d)[t: ``s because they have the same of electroas in their outermost shell.

(e) The reactivity onder is: YXW. (f){tements C and u. it is because £ 15 the most reactive metal, and H is the most reactive non tietal,

(gine farmp as are [cl and FC1.

Tetrahedret

gramidal

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大埔岸小誠聘中文兼音樂科教師壹 名。十二月到職,有意者請附履歷 近照寄大埔第四區安祥路大埔舊墟 公立小學下午校或電6564610 約

津中文員

津貼中學聘請交員:

(1)男助理文具,年十八一四十,中

:學程度,略懂打字,經驗不拘

(26P 2LP)

The bond:andle becreasess -NH2 to

due to the increased repulsion of the bond pairs by increasing number of lone pairs.

3.15The metallic.

(2)女文員,年二十一四十,須中學

Total as consisting

·畢業,打字快捷,所驗不拘。

ading regards a

the" positively madded ciesely. charged metal ions. together in a sea of electrons, the electrons :came from outermost shells and are free to move ithin the metal erystaljattice.

e.g. Na metal

O O O O

Tetter of the element ing of monatomic molecules:

(b)Give the fatter of the element:which could be a strong oxidizing agent (c)Gove

of two elements the e letterson which are chemically: şìmilas.. Explain briefly your choice,⠀⠀ (d)Elements. D and E are both solids at rdan temperature and one atmospheric pressure, however, D has a much higher melting point than E. Explain briefly

(a)F can react separately with: Dand. E'

(a)Give the fany

names of

elements on groups 1 and respectively.

(b)Give the letter of the element

having morazomic molecules

(c)Which of the elements shown has the.

strongest reducing power

(d)why do the elements A, B and C show

samt far cherish properties?

"to form: the compounds x aid YeteArrange the elements Wk and xin

respectively.

(1)Write down the chemical formulas

"of X and Y respectively. (2)Using the outermost sirens only,

draw

diagrams to show the electronic structures of X and Y respectively, b (3)Which one of x and y would have d

higher melting point? Explain your answer.

(4)Which one of X and Y, in liquid state, would be able to conduet electricity.

Question 1.2

Part of the Periodic Table 15, shown

收購不交吉

the order of increasing reactivity. (F)Which WO of the elements shown.

would combine most readily to form an.

Give your 10ni p: " compount? reasons.

(a)Suggest the chemical formule for

the: chlorides. of and respectively, and draw 3-dimensional diagram to show the shapes of these compounds

th)Would the oxide of F give an acidic,

ledTheo neutral "solution.on. (dissolving in water? Give a reason

for your answer.

(3)x would have a higher setting point. X is an onic compounds and its ions are held strongly together by the electrostatic. fance, Y 3 covalent compound and its molecules together by intermolecular force only

the

Wedk

condict electricity. Liquid X consis, fobile.ions which are robie for conducting hectricity. tarcugh iquids," iquidonsists of does not

molécules conduct El

Solution to 0. (a)Group 1. ∙Group

the alkali metals the halogens.

(h)The oxide of f. would be ařídic because it is an oxide of

Solution to Q4.1

{a}{1}[0,/F ̧D; _ \because their heiling

ints are far below the room tenparture (about

(2)4,0 because its ralțing point

Ec the com

is very temperature

close

(3)); because its melting: point 1s

below its boiling point, A (4)11,0, because, it can conduct. electricity when in molten state, indicating the presence of mobile. ions.

(5)heo/ed: because they have high boiling points and melting points -but- do inct corduet electricity

when i Tiquid state,

$ Later Bowvalen. Compound

(b)(1)FQ

(2L1.20 - Sonic combaund

(c)Acidity: 11,0 < CO, ‹ N2O < F ̧D

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