1987-12-09 — Page 14

頁二第張四第

日九十月十年卯丁曆夏

1988中學會考 試題預習專欄

歷史( 十一)

明邋出版社

MILE & DALE PRESS

Revision Exercises

for.

Cert. Exam. (1988)

HISTORY (11)

Describe the baekgrounda structore, eims und weaknesses of the United Nationa..

The United Nationa resulted from the continuation of the cooperation among the Allied Powers against Nazi Germany and militarist Japan during.. the Second World War.- (1939~1945), Sinen the League of Nations

(founded in 1919), thei idea of an international body for maintaining peace had not been given up. Before 1939, the USA. often kept herself fron European affairs, flowever, abo was willing to

cooperate closely withi western European countries after 1945 - against Soviet Russia and her nllied states.

The idea of a United Nations originated in the Atlantic Charter of 1941, when Roosevelt of the USA and Churchi-11 of Britain met and agreed to set up such an international organization in future.

Then in 1942 the USA, Britain, Soviet Russia and China made a joint declaration known as the United Nations.

Declaration. In 1943, the Bame countries made the

in

to

which they proclaimed their determination to put, the idea into practice.

In contrast to the Jack of planning regarding the establishment of the League of Nations, the Allies made detailed and long-term preparations for the United Nations. In 1944, representatives of the USA, Britain, and Soviet Russia (later replaced by China) met and discussed for a few weeks at the Dugbarton Baka (the name of an estate in Washington). Joint proposala known as the Dumbarton Oaks Proposals were sent other governments, though after much disagreement. It was only after the Yalta meeting between Churchill. Roosevelt and Stalin in 1945 that an agreement was reached. Later in the year, a United Nations Conference on International Organiza- tion was opened at San Francisco. The small states tried to change the proposals of the Rig Three (the USA, Britain and Soviet Russin). Nevertheless, in the end, the Charter of the United Nations was created, without much change of what had earlier been planned at the Dumbarton Oaka and the Yalta. The United Nationa was thus established.

Structurally, the UN hod a General Assembly, in which each of the member status de represented and given one vote. It is the main body of the UN. When important issues like peace, security

Q1

membership are involved,

a two-third majority is. necessary for any decision.

"Secondly, there is a Security Council. It is composed of only 11 members, with five of them (the US, Britain; Soviet Russia, France and China) permanent and the

WAH KIU YAT PO

years from the Geieral: Assembly. The Council has the power to call:upen. other members of the UN for air, neval or lond forces to maintain or restore order in any member country threatened by aggression. However, all important decisions require an unanime: KIS agreement of all the permanent members plus the votes of two non- permanent members. This gave Soviet Russia a chance to prevent such an agreement from being reached.

A Secretariat, consist- ing of a Secretory- General and hia stoff, carries out the UN's work. Also, the Secretary- General, who in appointed [by the General Assembly,

is reaponsible for bring- ing to the attention of the Security Council any aituation that threatens peace. To enlarge the UN's activities to nan-political field of co-operation, an Economic and Social Council makes studies into and reports an economic, social, cultural, educational, jand health matters. In this Council there are specialized committees and commissions, such as the Commission' on Human Rights, the United 【Nations Educational,

Scientific and Cultural (Organization (UNESCO),

the World-Health

Organization (WHO), the Food and Agricultural (Organization (FAO), or

the World Bank.

報日僑華

|Organization (ILO)apeks

to improve working conditions for workers ftiroughout the world.

Thus, one can sáe that the aims of the UN are not only political but social and economic - even cultural - in nature. But the most important objective WBS the keeping of inter- nationel peace and security by providing a weeting place where peace talks could be held and actions to maintain peace could be taken.

And yet, in trying to realize these ains, the UN was not always successful. The UN suffered from many weak- nesses. Like the Leagus of Nations, it lacked permanent and effective power to carry out its decisions. To settle internetional disputes, the Security: Council could use mediation or, arbitration, or impose economic or politici sanctions, or use an "international police force to be provided by member states. Yet the Cold War, which sow the rivalry between the USA and Soviet Russin (two most important UN _members), prevented auch a force from coming inte being. Nevertheless, in international disputes over Korea, Suez or the Congo, the UN was able to recruit troops for intervention.

Indeed, disagreements among the Great Powers, mainly between Soviet Russia on the one hand and the USA on the athe handicapped the UN

eatly, Soviet Rugais always voted against

www.roposals in the security

Lastly, an Internation- al, Trusteeship Council adminiaters and supere vises territories which are placed under its | contral until stable | eelf-goverament and

improved economic and social conditions have been achieved in those territories. Also, an international Court of Justice acte as the UN's main judicial organ. And

Moscow Declaration, 10 other six elected for 2 an International Labour

旅遊介紹 專輛廣告

ESABLAR PASAYA DARLE BULGARIA

Council. Thus the Council

could not take mensures to preserve peace. Later, the General Assembly was given power to consider many matters previously reserved for the

Security Council. But then, because of the "one

※

三期星

日九月二十年七八九一曆公年六十七國民華中

state one vote" rule; the influence of the Third World states. (under- developed or developing countries) was dis- proportionally large. The African statee, for instance, had 30% of the General Assembly's votes but contained only 10% of the world's population,

When important interests of the Great Powera were involved, such as the Soviet一 American crisis over Cuba in 1962, the UN failed to play any significant part. Peace was kept more

as a result of the bulance of nuclear terror than because by the UN.

None the less, the contributions of thin. would body to other

matters must pat, at the

same time, he overlooked.

附加數(十一)

哦邇出版社

MILL & DALE PRESS

Revision Exercises

for Cert.Exam.(1988)

ADDITIONAL MATHENATICS

(11)

Complex Numbers I

Worked Examples: 1. Given that f(z) Z

I-2.

│z = [f(x)}

where_z=1+2i, prove that Solution:

[z] = [1421| √1

*,2 {7 (1+2} }] =2

+21)

2x√3

va+ (0)

2√10

78

| | -2 |f(2)

2. Find the modulus and areement of z where

4+4i

1+

Sulution:

2-

Now

育教僑華

4x+8y=3

which is the

lolüs of 2.

(ana.)

Exercise &

綠r the firm

c080-1ging

4+ki+4√(cos45°isin45")

and

ind

Expressions:

(con

1+1(30°ximu°)

2

i30

EC18450

1830°

=24bci (45°-30

=26cia150

modulus z-2√√6 Arg 20150

(Ana.)

3. Find the locus of the

point z such' that

-2

2z+3 iz+1

Solution:-

2z+1

12+1

2

Let z=x+iy; we have

22+1

= [2(x+1)+1}

= |{2x+1)+2iy

«√√(2x+1)2 + ( 2y) 2 |

ji(x+3)+豆 =(1-y)via)

=√(1-7)2+x2

the given expression is given by

2z+1 jiz+1

(2x+1)2+ny V(1-y)+x2

2

--2

Squaring both sides,

2

(2x+1)+hy-ak

(1-y)+x

2-2|=2

pven that y

id= [z] -{E§ aliów that

con iwSEN of 2.

omplex abers, and DZ+£ƒ #5 using the resultsdista), find

the vaste

Given thatz=x+1y, x=x-iy,

(a) Find x and y in of z and 7.

terms

(b) Hence show that the

equation of the straight line ax+by+c=0 can be written in the form Pz+p+c=0

where p is complex and c is real.

What is the greatest

and least value of Įz+3–21{ if

[2–5441} < 37.

方便讀者選擇旅遊

博覽旅遊 泰國·清邁·布吉島 泰星馬·星馬·泰星日本·韓國 台灣

有限公司

旅行车牌照

No. 380090

行程種類全港最多,任君選擇 行程種類最多、成本最高 華欣七岩東芭四、五、七天由$2470起 泰星馬九天、十天 清言、金三角四、六七天由$2560起 星馬(檳城、怡保)七天 |布吉島四、五、六、七、八天由$2890起 馬星(檳城、怡保、邦咯岛)七天 |布吉島、華欣七岩七天、 $ 3490 馬星(檳城、關丹)八天 清邁、曼谷、布吉島六、七、九天由$3290 星馬六天:

全新行程,種類全港最多

由$4600起

本州五天、六天、七天 九州本州迪士尼聯遊

$3980

$3980

日本全九州ㄨㄨㄤ

東北日光迪士尼ㄤㄤ

$4290

東北 北海道廸士尼七天

$3690

| 泰星光天

多次夜總會,獨家住布吉芭東沙灘酒店 乘搭國泰、泰航

天天出發 可延期返港)

$3850

「韓國本州迪士尼八天 新加坡四天、五天

由$3200起

·韓國九州八天 馬來西亞(檳城、怡保·邦略島)六天$3250

「韓國溫陽四天、五天

·乘國泰、馬航、星航、早去晚返 【W開 四、五、六、日出發天天出發,回程可停東

日本北海道漠

菲律賓

碧瑤、百島、大富郡、宿霧、碧桃灣 高級四天、五天六天、七天 由1890起 宿霧五天、七天 由2390起

高雄、台北返港 獨家安排蒙古烤肉、豪華夜總會 *台北住最高級之環亞大飯店 由$4290起 | 台湾耳線,行程種類全港最多、任君選擇 由 $5990起、增加成本·多相: 由 $5250起 (一)秀姑巒溪 台東 (楓港 由$4890起(四溪頭五佛光山 (六墾丁公園

台北四天, $2200 台北阿里山五天$2490 |台北花蓮四天$2300 台北花蓮五天 $2490 碧桃湾、大富郡、百島嶼(她美泰國布吉島) |台北阿里山四天$2300 高雄阿里山五天$2490) 兩晚夜總會,獨家安排愛加多夜絆會 環島阿里山六天 $2790 環島七天 $3010 馬尼拉住六星之巴拉沙·碧瑤住凱悅 由 $ 3000起 理島八天 $3290 ̈理島九天 $3550 乘搭國泰,上午十時出發,下午十時返港

天天出發,可延期返港 天天出發(回程可由台北、高雄返港)台甜收100元|

$ 5690

增加成本,多增

美加、歐洲、澳紐

星期二

逢星期四

逢星期四

逢星期四,

30 逢星期一

0逢星期四

七天$

逢星期四 澳洲(雪山)八天, $6780.逢星期三, 澳洲黃金海岸九so

澳洲紐西蘭十三天 $13980 年星期三 *永安歐美澳紐團參加人數全港最多

菲律賓、碧桃源、宿霧 曼谷、芭堤雅、布吉島

日本、韓國、台灣

永安旅行團

廿三年歷史,分社報武,旅遊路線能凸

$4780 星期三、五

尼富士山七天$51 逢星期二、四 电島六天際

$4890 逢星期二~ 川本州廸士尼八天 $6190 逢星期二、四 韓國、波虯四天游 $3500 星期二、四六 韓國漢城,濟州五天, 台北南北五天 台灣環島七天

台湾阿里山八天

星期二四六日 $3680

$2470 星期一四六日

$3010 天天出發 $3280 天天出發 台灣墾丁台東環島八天$3350 星期五、六

本團節目最多,成本最高收費最平,乘搭日航

自設分社,服務最佳

北日本,台灣團累積人數超過廿萬

F

ATA

350074

雅七末

信用最好

星期:

逆五天、

昌百島、碧瑤七天 $2480 星期四 六

*本社星馬團收費最平,酒店全港最高級

【中國各地旅遊

$ 2290 天天出较

逢星期二

天天出發:

3180 天天出發 天直航團$1590 天天出發:

天进$1190 星期三

1650

星期三

2390 逢星期六

61680 逢星期三

羅浮山南天进$268 天天出發 进 10 $ 30日 天天出發

遊∗參加本社華東團人數全港最多

澳門、中山

(檳城、邦咯島) 七天豪華團

*馬尼拉、碧桃源碧瑤

七天豪華團 $2490

馬尼拉、碧桃源五天

$2,150

布吉、曼谷、

八天津美国-$3290

布吉島四天豪華團

$2,810 谷、芭堤雅五、七天

馬星泰、邦咯島 馬星

【天天出發

一、日出较

馬尼拉、宿霧五天

6 $2,490

·曼谷·芭堤雅

馬尼拉、宿霧(碧濤灣)

七天豪華團 $2,890

華欣

小蓬二、四、日出發,之

$2.8901起

效廣法刊明香三一本

六天$3,190 七天 480 八天$3,000

【馬星泰 ®

$3,990

(馬六甲)九天 |豪華團 $4,600

北京

桂林、江南、海南島、福建

桂林陽朔五天直航團 |北京六天豪華直航團

$1,590 3490

江南七天豪華直航團、 |北京七天豪華航空團 DECATO $2.890

$2.690

|西安、洛陽、鄭州八天 |北京七天航空團

豪華直航團+2,990 $2,390

昆明、石林五天直航團 |北京、上海、杭州八天 三次

$1,000 豪華航空團 $3,490

|海南島五天直航團 北京、哈爾濱、桃山九天

$1,690 豪華航空團 $3,490

福建、厪門、武夷山八天 直航團 六级 $2,300

天天出發

逢三、六、日出校、

查詢

〈刊告律登合港月九報力廣龐讀印柯必社必里必家必

〈物之性有指政三三遠〉强告大者刷式有團讀生備庭覽商

有質關定府日叁在

>

第二、三~五出發

澳門兩天超值

馬蒂国天天出 295元 澳門兩天遊(連中山) 5405元 酒店+船票+接送 天天出版 $265c 中山、珠海兩天遊 天天出發 288元 中山、珠海、

星晨旅遊

(白藤湖)兩天團

沃田出發

報日僑華

廣告部電話

490884

$338 起

£經包專新歷六 僑濟羅刊聞史月九刊 稱報萬豐翔悠五二在 許導有富實久日五於