1986-10-30 — Page 23

育教僑華 頁三第張六第6 日七廿月九年寅丙歷

1987中學會考 試題預習專欄

歷史(六)

xercise:

Revision

for

Cert. Exam, (1987)

HISTORY (6).

MILL & DALE PRESS LTD. European history from 1919 to 1939 is often known as the inter-war years, for these reasons: (1) In 1919 the Paris.

Peace Conference

settled the First, World War (1914-18) (2) In 1959 another world

vary the Second Vár. world, broke out. (3) In many ways the

First World War left behind many unsolved problemă for Europe, and these problems helped bring about the Second World War. In this and the coming issues, we shall learn following

aspects:ANA MAIN

A Unsolved problems of

the First World War after 1919. (political social, economic etc.)

B. Rise of Fascist and

Nazist dictatorships in Italy and Germany

in the 1970s and

1987中學會考

試題預習專欄

英文(六)

Revision Exercises

for

Gert. Exam. (1987)

ENGLISH (6)

CITY - EDUCATIONAL PRESS

Dear Students,

Today I'll talk with you about how to preparo for English language Pa- per I (Composition) in the HKGES.

The most common types of compositions are: dea- oriptive,argumentative,

narrative, imaginative and informative. Let's talk about them one by one.

1. Descriptive composition

Candidates are reminded

愛

1930s, which could in part he explained by the above unsolved problems

C. International

aggressions

comitted

by. Pascist' Italy and

Nazi Germany in the 19508.

D. Attempts by the

Western Powers

Britain and France)

at checking th international appresajons: failure of the League of Nations, failure of appeasement..

Note the following::

(54 (A) above refers to

the consequences

of the Pirat World War.'

(B) is a result of

·(A)

and (D) torn the Causes of the

Second World War

Then you can see how the First World War led up to the Second World War.. (from A to D).

(1) Defects of the Paris

Peate Settlement - As a result of the settlement, there were two kinds of powers in Europe;

powers that wanted to : change the settlement -eg, Germany, (which tlt that. ệ t Nam humiliated in many ways), Italy (which claimed that it vas not justly rewarded), and Soviet Russie (which was not invited to the 1919.

to use the right kind of Tenso.

describing a past

event or scene a note that the Past Tense should be used

b) describing a scene

which happens in everyday life

note that the Pre-

sent Tense should be vsed.

To prepare for such type of composition, candidates should

learn the basic vocab- ulary used to describe things and people" in a variety of scenes.

This type of composi- tion has appeared three times in the past few years..

1984 – A scene eitner

in a keep-fit centre or an fast-food shop

1985 - Arowd. A large

the

airport

1986 - A scene in a

toy shop/E visit by the

Hong Kong Red CTOSE

Argumentative composi–

WAH KIU YAT PO

pence conference and

had no interest in

defending the

settlement)..

powers that wanted to maintain the Bettlement – e.gi France (which aimedƒ ̈. at preventing the revival of Germany). Britain (which "wanted. beuce at all cost sa that trade would be "good) and the USA (which generally withdrew from

European affairs after 1919).

(2) Unstable anail states

in East Europe - The First World War helped bring about revolutiona in Russia and Austria. As" ş result, Russia became a communist. state since fate 1917. And Austria' was broken up into many small states like Yugoslavia, Czectroslovakia, etc. These Eastern European states had shallow democratic tradition. They might be easily conquered by aggressors. In the 1930s, Germany was the aggressor. Other power tolerated. Germany at ficat, They used an - S

appensement policy. towards Germany (ie, trying to please. Germany). But they could not let Germany' -conquer all East

Europe. In the end they resisted

tion

This type of question appears every year in the Certificate Exami- nation.

The writer of an argu- mentative composition should make it olear. whether he is FOR or AGAINST the given topic or motion-

When candidates are re- quired to write a - speech for a debate, they should begin with:

'Chairman,ladies and gentlemen'-

When they end their speech, they should writeThank you

Note that there must be a concluding paragraph in the speech, as in all argumentative composi-

tions.

Each point of argumest must be treated in a separite paragraph. lo not write a paragraph which is far too long or which includes a number of points of argument.

One method of prepara- tion is for the whole

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Germany. So war broke out in 1939-the Second World War.

(3) Communism veraus.

Fascism Russia became a communist · country since late 1917. People, in t capitalist countries such as Germany and Ftaly feared that communism would take their countries too. Thus fascist groups were formed, ie,

extreme nationalist groupa užtiingat' saving their countries from communist penetra- tion. Society became. very unstable. As · you will see, Fascism took Ttaly, and Nazism took Germany These dictatorships. then committed

aggressions against other countries, In. the end, the Westeri Povers (Britain and France) decided to fight these aggres- gore, which brought about the Second World Far

Nationalist feelings becoming tense- Refore 1919. autocratic empire's like Hapsburg Austria and Tsarist Russia E ruled. People fought: for independence against them. After 1919, empires like these fell, and new democratic states came into being. Tho class to compile a list of debating or argumen- tative topics that are most commonly asked in composition examina- tions. Then divide the class into, groups; azob group is to prepare the? pros and cons of cer- tain topics in note- form or short sentence E The final step is for the groups to exchange their notes with one another. In this way, each student will be given the opportunity to think over the top- ies and get familiar. ized.

This type of composi¬ tion has also appeared three times in the past few examinations.

1964 - Why some famil-

ies are much hap pier than others Honesty

1985

Debate

1986 - Crowd violence

3. Narrative composition

Narrative composition means either writing about a past event or story. As the writing. of dialogues is often involved in this type. of composition,candi- dates should learn hów to write dialogues, es-

康樂

四期星

nationalist feeling va of many European people became nore intense. People in different countries. vere loyal to theïr fatherland. When war broke out, they were willing to fight for

their countries. Before 1914, wars were fought between. dynasties or empires. After 1914, varst were fought between peoples, Wars became more bloudy top.

(5) Social & scontent and

troublé Because of unstable economic conditiens, people became diacontented. Different social, classes ran into conflict with one another Soldiers could not adjust themselves to peace- „ful... lives when the

War was over. Violence' increased. In fact, this helped the Fascists and Nazis to come to power in Italy and Germany

respectively. They found many unemployed

people

them.pporting Economic recovery delayed by repara- tions The 1919. Versailles Treaty held that Germany should pay these to the Allica

reparationa (ie ma large sum of money). This delayed the economic recovery of Germany, Over Europe pecially how to use the punctuation marks in the dialogues. The fol lowing examples are quoted

That, she replied, 'is. what makes me clever "

Well, what's wrong with. pop music?'he зoked.

10h,yen, said Jenny. 'I notice how you hate get- tăng 'A's all the time- All you've got to de, Luke, he said, 'is to hold two oranges La your hand* ̈*

*1'11 mile the boy said. 'e for five cents, three for ten cents.17

Well, all right then,' he said. Go as far as you like,

I

I gair it happen, said. The police will come and arrest you,

Oh, no! I thought. Not again!!

Well, he said to him- self, that's the prices I have to pay.!

My goodness! What are you wearing? she asked,

However,dialogues are not compulsory for story-uritng they are written only where ne-

cessary

【铜襬匯階中心22015-775655

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as a whole, the

foundation of a sound economy was shaken by the First World War. Although recovery was rather quick in the 1920s, a Great Depression kit. Europe bidly in 14929–52. HOW THE SECOND WORLD WAR BROKE OUT IN 1939

(1) Germany and Italy

(under the control of

the Nazis and the Fascists respective- ly) committed aggressions against. small countries. The other power's (such as France, Britain

at first appeased the aggressors, i.e. not resisting them, but later duge var un then which it become clear that further appes sement, was useless. A KA (2) Aggressiva Committed

by Germany and Italy includes the "follow- ing

awar agaitist

Ethiopia by Italy in:

b. The march into, the Aline and areas by Germany in 1935) The support for rebels in Spain by Italy and Germany from 1930-39% The invasion of Austria by Germany 1938

The invasion of Czechslovakia by Germany in 1938.

The invasion of foland by Germany. in 1939%

To prepare for this type of composition, bandidates are strongly advised to select a reader preferrably which they have studied before and learn how to write about the manners behaviours, actions and reactions and speeches of people,especially in various situations. Candidates can also learn how to describe various situations: happiness, anger,sad ness,sorrow, joy, fear, quspense,etc.

It is also interesting to learn the descrip- tion of various charaç,“ ters in the story- This

type of

of composi tion appeared in the 1989 and 1986 HKGEE.

1985 Catching a wild

ingnkey?

1986 Camping

4. Imaginative composition

The most difficult part of this type of compos cition is the use of, Tenge, therefore it is for those candidates who have a sound know- ledge of the use of Tense,particularly the Subjunctive. One simple rule ja that in an ima¬

永安

(3) Pror 1934 to 1939,

the other pivers did

not resist the.

agressorki

Soviet Russia did not.

trust France and Britain; Stalin (of Soviet Russia) thought that France and Britain encouraged. Geranny to conquer. East Europe so as to venken Soviet influence there.

›ja Britain was

preaccupied with colonial prolifens, She did not wait, to act vitlinut the

Shie

support of the USA.

Thẻ USA did not want to get involved in European affairs.

France was alone VÄRLD: weak to defend, arà llist aggressious. And she, was not keen on doing that when the h Aggressions were not directed against herself.

Paly and Germany knew that the other powers dired, not risk another world. war to résist their Aggressions. The memory of the destructiveness of the First World War was too deep. People wanted to prevent war at all cogi... In 1939, when Germiny invaded Poland, the Western Powers knew that they must resist "the aggressors. They made war: on them.

ginative situation, I would should be used.... instead of 'I shall!. and 'he/you/they wouldf instead of will/shall! As I have said imagina tive composition is for those candidates who are good at the use of Tense

This type of composi tion appeared in the 1984 and 1986 TKCER, 1984 → An interview 1986- My aʊlf in the future

Informative composition

To prepare for this type of composition,the whole clasa may compile a list of topics con- cerning Goiditione and issues in Hong Kong,e.g. housing, traffic,living condition, recreation,” amusements, jobs,careðra social problems,youth problems, generation gap youth hobbies,sports, games,eto,

This type of composi tion appeared in the 1985 and 1986 EKCEE.

1985

International sporting compe- titions

1986 The reading of.

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