1985-07-18 — Page 28

袁四第張七第日一月六年丑乙屣夏

1995

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HISTORY ICE

4. Examine the chief

features of the internul developments and foreign policy of Japan in the period

1931 to 1945.

What the question

nakes Perhaps yov are familiar, with the second part of the question, i.e. the foreign policy of Japan from 1931 to 1945. Japan.started

to conquer. China after:

the Manchurian

Incident of Sept 18, 1931 and:later,定期 1937 the Second Sina Japanese War broke. out. However, you must not forget the first part of the question

- the internal development of Japan. Of course the rise of militarism from 1931

to 1936 was one of the main features, but you" have to describe the internal development of. Japan from 1937 0. 1945 as well.

What to include Note the following-

Internal

developments

A.Fall of perty rute

Political parties formed cabinets in the 1920s and experimented with democratic rule in Japan. However, in 1932, some radical officers

Assassinated the Prime Minister. The political

party in power

made poweTH

coutensions to top. military leadera in the hope of

restoring

discipline in the

armed forces. In

this way, military

influence

increased quickly

in government

circles.

Meanwhile, the Emperer no louger appointed party politicians

to head the

government. Party

rule collapsed.

B.From 1932 ta 1936.

the government woS

headed by military men. In this

period, Japan used

an expansionist policy towards

China In times of

cational crises and unfavourable Toreign relatiung, many Japanese, people thought That wilitary men could best defend the interest of the country.

C.By 1936,

: discipline in the armed forces had generally been restored, but the rise:of militari em was complete in Japan.

D.In the period 1937 to 1945, because of the war with China, a number totalitarian measures were introduced in Japan to increase government control

Over

the country:

The National Mobilization Law 1938 lot of

emergency powers were given to the Prime Minister

(a military man).

ii. Political

reorganization

An example

was the

Imperial

Headquarters

coordinated. military planning and operations between the army and navy. iii.Increased.

state control; of thoughts and society, For example militaristic. education was actively promoted.

However, there

was not any

direct

military

最受歡迎刋物

第460期要目:

WAH KIU YAT PO

報日僑

takeover of the

government,

2.Foreign policy.

A-Manchurian

Incidentari Sept. 18, 1931

Japanese army:in Manchuria used this excuse to conquer the region from China Theri a puppet state controlled by Japan was created. It was known as Manchukuo

B. From 1932 to

1936, Japan extended its. influence southwards from Manchukuo. Large. areas of North China were under Japantse influence.

C.The.China.

Incident on July 7, 1957 -- Japan did not plan. this incident. However, because both China and Japan. could not reach a peaceful settlement, a var resulted. This was the Second Bino- Japanese War.

D.The Japanese

aggression in China aroused hardened American attitude. Militarists in Japan planned a audden attack on. Pearl Harbour, sti American Devel -base in the Pacific. This led to the outbreak of the Pacific War in -1941.

E.Conclusion一定

Foreign policy. was controlled by: militarists in 1931-1945 in Japan. They first led Japan in a war against China eince 1937 and

then against the

USA after 1941.

How and why did the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand at Sarajevo lead to the

the First outbreak of World War?,

What the question

封面專題:象牙雕刻工藝在香港

時裝設計、大胆創新

宇宙神秘物質的探討

追捕逃匿的納粹餘黨

我走溜了子彈車(旅遊之頁)

正確方法染髮可免髮質受損

仙人掌一多姿多彩的多肉植物 素食强身(食在香港)

鄧萃雯一出道便受無線力捧, 每週星座

وبعد

亞姐選美兩大絕招·現場評分針對無線.

第四屆新秀歌唱準決賽

紀念冼星海音樂會

電視節目表

兒意週刊

好勝的爺爺(浮生什詢) 大昏迷(科幻小說) 單程機票(星期掌篇 )

WAH KIU YAI PO COLOUR WEEKLY

彩色華僑

逢星期日隨華僑日報附送

askes -- This is a

question on the causes of the First World War, in particular the immediate causes. In the summer of 1914, an incident that occurred in Bosuia in the. Balkans -- the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand fan Austrian priuce)

led to a general war between all the European great powers in about 2 months! time in the end, The question expects you to explain how and why the incident led to different events that brought about war in the end. Dọn it forget the "why" part of the question, That is, you should give explanations to show how the asssssipation led to one event after another. On the other band, the First World

not the regult

of the immediaté causes alone; there were long-term. underlying causes such as militarism and imperialism. You should include them, but you should discuss these long-term causes only briefly and. concisely. Timing is important, as there 'arê a lot of materials

that you can include.

What to include

1.The assassination

led to Austria sending an ultimatum to Serbia.

Austria used this chance to try to teach, Serbia a lesson, as Serbia had wanted to unite with Bosnia, which was ruled by

Serbia's refusal to accept all the terra of the ultimatum Austria declared var on Serbia. Russia supported Serbia in an attempt to

challenge Austrian influence in the Balkane. Germany supported Austria, as Germany's, only reliable ally by this time was Austria alone.

Russia mobilized her armed forces against Austria. Then

Germany decided on

a war against both

Russia and France,

四期星

ag.France was

日八十月七年五八九一歷公年四十七國民華中育教聞港

Russia's ally and

Germany feared that ariy alow military action would give France and Ruasia advantages in an inevitable war.

German troops marched through Beligum in order to ottack France quickly. To Britain, the neutrality of Belgium wha important for national security.

So Britain entered war on the side of

and France against Germany and. Austria too,

2.Conclusion The

asaяЯination at Sarajevo of Bosnia was only a local incident in the Balkeng and did not necessarily bring about a general var between the great... powers. It was the different moves and counter-moves-

between these great poweraitnat:: eventually led to the outbreak of the Pirst World War. A11 these events happened in the eummer o1914 However, we can explain the policies as used by the great powers in this short period of time by some long-term causes such as. militarism und imperialism. For example, German generals bad long before 1914. worked out war plan for attacking both France and, Russia to win a quick victory. This helped to explain why, Germany" decided on” a WST against both Russin and France in 1914.. On the other hand, the unfriendly relations between the great powers. created by imperial conflicts helped'to explain why in 1914 it was difficult; tu reach a peaceful settlement of the Sarajevo incident.

-6. Deacribe the

political, social and, ., economic conditions of

Russia up to 1905, How did these help to

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辦事

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敦上

1985

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explain the 1905 Revolution?

What the question eskes -- This is u

general and straightforward question. Just remember that it is the 1905 Revolution, not the 1917 Revolutions, that the question is about, Also, you have to point bul as explicity as you can the ways how the conditions of Russia at that time

the 1905 brought about Revolution, The links between these conditions end the revolution are important.

What to include

1.Political conditions

-- The Tsar ruled with absolute power, and all dissent was suppressed ruthlesaly. The Russian people. auffered from heavy. political

restrictions. There was no politicol representation in the the government. Also, there was not a constitution, at a time when many other great powers had adopted the constitutional form of government. The middle, claes were dissatisfied with their Tack of political power. It was true that the

tasrist goverment ban. set up local elected councils called zemstvos. since 1864, but these bodies only supervised things like the

construction of roads, hospitals, etc. In the late. 1890s and early 1900s) a number 會 political parties: were formed in Russia, and some them demanded parliamentury government and more political powers for: the zemstvos. 2.Social conditions

The peasants remained poor, illiterate and were, bound to the land. Although serfs had been liberated since

about 1864, many.

serfe were still.

心士内防,

叁界日之建 灣上腳天於月際越學

於容設性 行之 包時 健校放 日起租爲

上-

塊會,人 括至。裡榜 起兒關使

運實 药藥有民 後下時堂期至,各

期,。榮絕衣 興午間舉間 特

問歉 琳與及,禁八由辦一九定

姿食 地待每各連日於

濟, 台半 日項吋止本實說院况

̇石塘 咀明愛中心, 爲中學生舉辦

方、張偉健、劉君棉、灣地區之人民衣,食,一架行上西貢萬宜水庫,CL)八月三日之赤柱海浴婉倩,(三)八月十 一、吳香倫、小虎隊、呂一。內容包括復興基地台予十四歲以上在學或在職之青年痧加,計有:(一)七月北及廿一日之星 一

戶外活動渡炎夏 月中推始一中不同形式之戶外活動,給大一〇七一焱询。 高唱,熱板來、李飛機上午十時至下午五時軒 有食物益及藥材,汽球 於聯考波動期間一座,每日下午一時半至晚上九時半,致電該中心實夠,該中心的飞話路三———期為七月廿二日起至八月廿三日,早上十時半至十二時舉行。全期十節, 一次服三百人參加,船上那也常自思影一族的,另外寫生。内) 尖東一日行,任何人仕如有興趣參加總知維植,可於一時。內容包括會考組的英文及數學,與及初中繼孔中二英文及數學等。日

際成果超見,特定於本活動,其中計有:〔} 香港?香港!幻燈欣賞會。(二)畫出彩虹,兒童動教學及小組學習形式,提高學生對學習的篓趣,並鞏固他們學術上的基

. 香港青年協會雷竹坑青年中心,於七

康樂用品展覽會:

【初中租費用「台卅元。會考組一百五十元 有興趣者可到弝輔道西四〇二號創業中心商場地下報名,永蹇五—四 一步讓中心會員及青年朋友知道及了解 「石蝼咀朋愛青年中心」,爲使進

當有新馬師曾、泰祥、之國防設施等。琳称稿 日,(五)八月廿一日之西貢遊河釣魚同樂日,(六)八月廿四及廿五日六日舉辦康樂用品展覽,名爲「康樂顯微鏡」,其間除展覽用品外,更在 賽及跳舞樂曲,特別薦 建設,社會野菜因强大,及十一日之星夜行——西資鰭上,(四)八月十七日之赤柱獨木舟及燒第一更多中心虛樂驗傷,從而多加使用,故中心「衝蕃社」於七月廿二日军在 勁透競技日」,活動內容有競技遊戲,分一至四,西羅蘭的地下 九巾明愛社區中心於七月廿日舉行「用品,展覽時間為下午四時至晚上九時,免費入場,地址德輔道西四〇二 ...專人教導如何使用,底品有露營器材,電視遊戲機,各歎棋子及各類體育

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大道西三一五號 大道西四二七號,南方

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:譚公道三十號

controlled by their masters. These serfa bad no money to pay.

to their masters, or they were deeply in debt as a result of the need for heavy payments, High taxation from the government increased social suffering. 3.Economic conditiona

--Russie was stiil mostly agricultural even by the end of the 19th century. There were large resources in the country but they were not developed. However, a change: occurred when Witte. became Minister of Finance and Commerce in 1892. Because of. his influence, Russia made a number of loans from other great powers such France, and the money was spent on railway development and industries. Examples of the industries included· cutton::iron and steel, machines, etc. Oving to industrial development, a worker class began to appear in towns and cities. Imediate cause of· the 1905 Revolution

Defeat by Japan during Russo- Japanese War showed in inefficiency of. the Tsarist government, Political groups formed.recently were impatient with the lack of

political reform, Peasants and workers were dissatisfied with their'poor

standard of living. All this contributed to a peaceZil: procession of some. 200,000, Russians in January 1905-led by

0 priest called Fother Gapon, outside the Winter Palace of the tsar, Then the soldiers

fired on the demonstrators. This was known as the Bloody Sunday. After

this, strikes and general uprest followed. The Minister of the Interior was

murdered. The 1905

Revolution broke.

out in this way.

本港新聞社區活動彙報

警察員佐級協會 舉辦多次『港海夜遊」

日期間,聯辦十六次冷

員佐級協會康樂組;术 月廿三日起至八月三十一

意義的舊期活動——舊香撼架服務。 港、珠海古克一公眾假煨休息。查詢五二七九一二十。

轉讓中學舊課本 埃爾太由下午七時四十,學生會烏使各校同學。 油塘山暑期活動 九龍懿三科及祖雄山村的小預提供署推 八月廿二日至三十一日,而售变秀籍日期則爲八月八日至十四日。 一鄰舍楠導會屬下的油塘山中心特别 介绍台灣概况 至十二時及下午二時至四時,星期六下午一時半至四時少,而星期日及正。活動詳情可鐵五--四六 Y〇七一查詢,或親臨德頓道西四〇二號 「業商場地下報名。 該中心位於灣仔洛克道三號四樓。服務時間逢星期一至五 上午中日在港大宿舍舉行。歡迎十八至廿四兹青年朋友報名參加,費用為四元十 【轉讓香籍以中學及預科中英文課本及參考書爲對象。收集古籍期場,且指,使有勇氣去接受人生的挑戰。此活動包括兩次聚會及一次宿營,聚 [火五二十一內執二一三。 | 日期為七月廿四及卅一日晚上八時至十時,另宿營則在七月廿七至廿八 溫故知新興趣濊 一刄名爲「藝故知新」的活動,以活

「望青年人能透過車種的生活中,培進自我諾罐,確立個人的價值觀及建立 锉該儀式後揭開本中心的兒童恐期活動的序幕 - 詳情請致電查詢三llu 站在本中心健身室,同日亦為「兒童趣,智,服務大本營」的開幕禮,隨 一, 非會員六元,名額有限,報名從速,當日遊戲時間由二時半至五時,地 組比賽,茶點,有趣,有動,歡迎六至十二歲兒童參加,收費:會員四 石塘咀明愛青年中心在暑假期間為靑

本年七月廿二日至八月廿三日舉辦一項有

香港小京草食台洛克群益證中心將於青年自信的超越 年人安排一項「自信的超越」的活動,希

●氣墊船「袪海夜遊」