1984-01-30 — Page 7

育救僑嚇克三第張二第二日八十月二十年实癸歷

1984

中學會考試題預習專欄

地

理

(=+)

4. 李隠業 提供資料

明德出版社 基施

KILL & DALE PRESS LTD.

Study the diagram

and information: given abovë

Say what type of farming is practised in the area and how. does the farm ✨ illustrate the general characteristics of such a type of farming

Discuss the future development of thi: type of farming.

School, clinic, temple. etc.

Roads

Streans

Subdivisiong.

Storage..

shad

Collecting station

poo Village

Areas

rubberg

Replanted-but immature trees Areas of old

rubber trees and

areas being cleared

nformation:

ize: 2,200. ha Relief: Undulating

foothill country Soils: Alluvial

P

wnership: Dunlop Co. taff: 5 managerial staff

600 tappers (Malay 40%, Chinese 40%, Indian 20%) 150 general labourers

ggested Answers;

Type of agriculture and its general characteristics

It is a typical example of plantation farming. It reflects the general character- istics of such a type

of farming as below: Location in the

tropical areag

The sample farm is 25km from Malacca. It shows that it lies in tropical region, Plantations are usually practised in tropical regions, on fertile alluvial

soil.

European ownership

The farm is nÓW- owned by Dunlop Co. which is a European

company. It reflects one of the character- istics that planta- tions are mostly owned by European countries. Usually this form of cultivation was first taken by white people in their colonies. After the Industrial Revolution in the Western European. countries, the demand for tropical products increased steadily With their immense

capital, the European

established farms in

the tropical coastal

regions.

Large size

of the The size farm is 2,200 ha.. which covers quite a large area. It

reflects another'

characteristic - the plantations, which are cleared out from the dense tropical rainforest, are

usually very large in Bize,

4) Efficient management

The work on the farm is usually well organized, e.g. five managerial staff are employed in the sample farm. Great emphasis is laid on the efficiency of cultivation and the equipment employed. Generally, besides providing for nursery beds setting up A laboratories, using farming machinery, the entrepreneurs also established factories for primary processing or packing of the products.. 5) Native workers

employed

A lot of native Worke are usually

employed as reflected: by the sample farma z there are 150

general

labourers and 600 tappers of which 40% in Maloy, 40% Chinese. and 20% Indian. Natives are employed as labourers in plantations since the white people cannot stand the tropical climate. Monoculture.

The sample farm is specialized on the growing of rubber trees only. The characteristic of monoculture is applicable to all plantations. Usually only one or two crops are selected.

7) Systematic and

scientific work

Using the sample... farm as an example, the fields are systematically

divided into areas yielding rubber, areas with replanted but immature trees, areas of old rubber trees, and areas of

cleared. It cts that works on plantations are usually systematic and scientific to ensure a high yield, 8) Well facilitated.

The estate is divided into three divisions with one village in each. The estate has also

clinic, school and temple. It reflects. that in plantatious there are usually villages for the accommodation of the Shired labourers, with

facilities, like markets, schools, co-operatives scattered all over the farms. Export orientated

or

The estate is owned by Dunlop Co., a European company of which the products

are sold all over the world. It shows that the producta of plantation farming are mainly for exports or are intended for sale in the international market. There are also roads to

facilitate the

transportation of products for export.

b. Future development

不隨禮柯多新彩無報請遠 另報拜式采穎色任販就道 收附出印多雜華§ 歡訂近閱 费送版刷姿誌僑迎閱向戶

WAH KIU YAT PO

In recent years). many of the former colonized countries became independent. After the European plantations owner have left the country local managment becomes inefficient. The plantations either continued operation under government

or become

KPR into small

holdings owned by the native farmers.

Diversification is: encouraged by planting other crops în⠀⠀⠀⠀ fighting against the price fluctuation. Monoculture seldom exists in this kind 40. of farming. a. Give an account of

the favourable

conditions which used to encourage the farmers in Central Thailand to grow: rice as a major crop. What problems have the rice-growers in the area to face with? What measures have been adopted by the C

Government increase farm production in recent years?

Suggested Answers;

a;

Favourable conditions for rice growing in Central Thailand

1) Temperature

Rice growing

requires 4-6 month

growing season, with

average temperature

around 25 Cand heavy

rainfall over 1500 mm or equivalent in irrigation. The temperatures in the Central Valley are all the year. high Double cropping is possible. Though the annual rainfll to. total is only about 1400mm since the valley is flanked by mountains on three sides, rainfall concentrates in the

and growing season irrigation water can be easily obtained from the Menam Chao Phraya and its tributaries, which drain across the whole lowland area. 2. Relief and soil

The Central Valley is a depression of vast stretches of alluvial Lowlands, vhich allow large fields of rice cultivation. The Henam Chao Phraya and its tributaries, not only supply irrigation water as mentioned above, but alao leave behind vast quantity of extremely fertile soil, which are most ideal for the cultivation of rice. The soil fertility is replenished every year by the annual flood.

Labour supply

- Plenty of cheap labour is available for the ploughing, transplanting and harvesting. Problems faced by the rice farmETS

During the season of high water from May to Sept., the whole area, is liable to extensive flooding. Although this sometimes helps solve, the problem of y insufficient rainfall in this rain-shadow

area and rejuvenate

the soila, however,

報日僑

the length of flood. season and the depth of flood water vary. considerably from place to place and from year to year. The flood water is some tinies too little for rice growth. On the other hand, it may rise to 3-5 metres. high to cause serious

ages to the crops. Furthermore, the over-dependency of rice growing on the seasonal rain and the river flood also results in. the fluctuation in rice. yield as well as rice prices.

Measures undertaken by the government

Several modern irrigation works have been constructed to solve the flood problem and to ensure a certainly of water supply. The main scheme is the Greater Chao Phraya Project, which includes a large dam across Chainat and fourteen smaller ones down-stream. Large net- works of inundation and distribution canals with pumps during the period of low flood flow, These have brought large pieces

er irrigation of land under

and enable a second crop

in the dry season,

★ I (+)

立基出版社提供資料

ENGLISH [20]

•T C. Rebeiro

(Foundation Press)

Dear Students,

Today we move on to Paper II, T presume that you know the format of the paper.

let's discuss the comprehension question first.

I've always liked tackling compre hension questions because it's like being a detective. In fact, you all have to be like detectives when you are confronted with comprehension questions, in the sense that you should not miss any clue in the passage. Read it carefully and try to understand it if you don't make an effort to understand, for example, the first paragraph, you will find it difficult to comprehend the subsequent paragraphs and in tum the whole, passage.

Special attention should be paid to the use of such words as unitil, unless, besides, nevertheless, nonetheless and phrases like apart from that, on the contrary, quite the opposite, quite the reverse, cannot but, result-in vs résult from, etc.

Sometimes the positive or negative sense of a sentence is implied in some words and the understanding of these. words is essential for comprehending the whole sentence or even the whole paragraph. This brings us to recognize the idea that a good vocabulary is very often helpful in comprehension. How- ever as Rome is not built in one day,

·期星

日十三月一年四八九一服公年三十七國民载中

they bring it by horse and sled or by

In England there are many enthusi

tractor to a "sugarhouse in a sugarasts. They are always looking for clues

camp. There they boil it in huge cauldians which are heated by log fires. These sugarhourses are the places where people go for the 'sugaring-off parties in early Spring.

*Sugaring-off parties are a special part of life in eastern Canada. Large groups of adults and children go into the bush for a day to visit the sugar camps, There they eat a traditional meal of ham, beans and thick homemade bread, and of course sweets made with- maple sugar. But the special treat is to eat maple toffee made by a unique method. Everyone crowds around the. buge cauldron of boiling sap. When the sap is ready a man takes big spoonfals of it and pours them onto a layer of fresh clean snow. There the sap thickens immediately. Everyone, especially the children, eagerly picks up the syrup by twisting it. round a small stick and quickly eats it. The toffee is smooth and delicious. A bit of the snow usually sticks to it and the combination of the warm sweet syrup and the cold snow is

very pleasant. and the

It is a wonderful time of year. The trees are still bare, even in April, and the snow still lies on the earth. The air is chilly and smoky from the log fires under the cauldrons. There is an air of jollity in the sugar camps. Spring is flowing in the trees and will soon warm the air and melt the heavy snow.

1. According to the first paragraph,

the author learned from

A. the Indians.

Ban Indian woman.

C. his friends.

:.

D. a legend.

2. The phrase "drained off" means

A. threw away.

B. collected.

C. swept away.

D. washed away!

Paragraph 2 tells us that nowadays people use

-A. plastic buckets.

B spouts.

C. metal pipes.

D. plastic pipes.

According to the second paragraph, the sap is boiled in

A very large cooking pots stand-

ing on four legs.

B. very large cooking pots stand-

ing on three legs. C. huge tanks.

D. tractors. · »

5. The sugar camps are located in

A. Eastem Canada............

B. near to sugar houses. C. the bush.

D. around the cauldrons.

6. In the camps children take rare

pleasure in eating.

A. homemade bread.

B. a traditional ham meal.

C. maple toffee

D. sugar sap.

From paragraph 3 we learn that the

camps are for

A.

children only

B. adults only.

Cwomen and children.

D. adults and children. The

8. The sugar parties described, in the

passage take place

A. in spring

B. in winter.

C. between winter and spring.

D. in the period when heavy snow

falls.

a good vocabulary is built up in terms. 9. The sugar sap thickens when it is

of months or years. On the other hand, leaming is very much an active process. So start to work yourself up to a reason- ably good vocabulary from today on- wards.

Besides, practice is also important. So, today I've given you two passages to practise with.

Allow yourself some 15 minutes for each passage and its questions. This is approximately the time you should spend on each of the two comprehen- sion passages in your Certificate paper. Answers to these questions have been given at the end of this column, MyIt was the Indians who first taught us about them. A legend tells us that an Indian woman who boiled her meat in maple sap instead of water discovered how to make maple syrup and maple sugar. The Indians cut the bark with an axe and drained off the sap with a reed or a piece of curved bark. A container made of bark collected it. They then put hot stones into the sap until it thickened into syrup or sugar.

Nowadays people use very modem methods in some places. The sap flows into small plastic pipes instead of buckets and the pipes carry the sap to huge central tanks. This is a much faster way to collect it, but it takes away the familiar springtime sight of the spouts and buckets. After collecting the sap,

poured onto

A.. the huge cauldron.

B. snow.

C. a small stick.

D. the pipes.

10. In the last paragraph the author

A. complains that the scenery is

bare.

enjoys snow falling.

C. considers the sugar camps a

failure.

D. does not mention any of the

above.

The super-sonic jet is the latest, most talked about development in air travel. In only seventy one years the aeroplane has evolved from the flimsy contraption of the Wright brothers in America to the 322,000 kilo silver machines that fly faster than the speed of sound. However, not everyone is fascinated only by the planes of the present and future. The early aircraft has been replaced by the jet, but it still holds its place in the interest of aviation enthusiasts, t

During the last few years interest has been steadily growing in finding and restoring old aeroplanes which have fain around, forgotten for many years. Planes of all types, shapes and sizes, in fact almost anything that has actually flown is certain to find a keen collector,

報日僑華閱訂期長請

3TM MI # · 5—491181

that might lead them to discovery of a new old aeroplane. Once they are on the trail of an aircraft, nothing can stop them. They slog up mountain slopes, wade through bogs, hack through woods, drive into lakes, and rummage through scrap-yards after their quarry. But somē. times old aeroplanes just turn up, often in very odd places. A small bi-plane called a Pou de Ciel' or 'Flying Flea was found hanging from the rafters of a cotton mill in Yorkshire. It had been there for years but nobody knew where it had come from, Down in Wiltshire a man who was knocking down a shed in his garden. discovered that the roof was supported by the frames of three bi-plane fighters built in 1916. MARI

The Americans have a reputation for doing things in a big way and this is also true of the way they collect aeroplanes. Not content with one or two machines, enthusiasts in the United States have put together complete squadrons of these old machines, which they fly with great style at spectacular air displays.

Permanently grounded old planes are not only collector's items. They may be more useful than you think. One old Dakota" airliner is now serving as a restaurant. Or, if you have a garden, aeroplane windows and cockpit coves, as any gardener will tell you, make ex cellent greenhouses for growing peas. Feeling dirty after your gardening? Not long ago part of an old aeroplane was seen standing upright in a back garden, where it was being used as an outside shower!

11. According to the first paragraph, the 322,000 kilo silver machines refer to

A. the jets made by the Wright

brothers?

B. American jets...

C. the super-sonicjets.

D. planes of the future.

12. The first paragraph also tells us that

A. all the people have interests in

planes of the present.

B. all the people have interests in

planes of the future.

C. all the people have interests in-

old planes.

D some people have interests in

old planes:

13. People like to collect old aeroplanes

A. ever since they were invented.

B. only recently.

O since last year.

D. only for a short time.

14. In order to look for old aeroplanes

people are willing

A. to do everything.

B. only to walk through water.

C to go to odd places.

D. to pay for clues.

15. The words "slog up" can be re-

placed by ..

A climb.up.

B. walk quickly.

C. walk with difficulty.

D. walk slowly,

16. The Flying Fles" is a plane

A belonging to a cotton mill.

B. found in Wiltshire.

-C, with rafters.

D. with double-wings

7. The phrase "knocking down” in

17.

lines 15 can be replaced by

A

striking.

B. pushing down.

C. rapping.

D. demolishing.

18. According

Americans

paragra

A. are poor collectors.

B. love to display their collection.

C. love to fly several old asro-

planes at the same time.

D. are discontented collectors.

19. The last paragraph tells us that the aeroplane now being used as a

restaurant once....

A carried soldiers.

B.

was an American jet. C. was a fighter.

D. carried passengers.

20. According to the last paragraph, old

planes are still useful because A. they can still fly.

B. they can water the garden.

excellent C. their parts make

greenhouses.

D. they can be used for a show.

Answers

1. A

2. B 3, D 7. D 8 A 12. D

·6.C. 11. C

mono

13. B 14. A 15. C. 16. D17, D 18 C...... 19. D. 20. C

全經包專新歷 僑濟羅刋聞史 稱報萬豐翔悠 許導有富貴久