1981-10-10 — Page 21

六期星

日十月十年一八九一曆公年十七國民華中

習實於始程過長成 驗經會社歷親得難

驗經談生學迎歡受劃計習實期暑工理

(HERE)..

實習是成長的開始

吸收處世經驗

・《是在實際工作中, 經驗,有些些學到的那 ☆工作却是一大, 譖书是要請如概念,而 SOB SWED 浪後近,但說,其實, 晉的機構是將他升学的 運氣可能好些,他去

他到一大機構生產計劃 菜工程系,在假

當習的,些感受。

·在今年暑假期間在換外 MAKREL .在期間距是有一分的

,經驗是成長的過程,

這次問,公司没有給,

羊 對人人要平等 [贈

不單純 實習最大收穫,啟發了一解大便了事,有些甚至 他對公司大事間題,問可能帮不上忙,初入行 说明子婚鬥。他說道次「多上四間直不起去再忙 及利益關係,假然地出二姿時站深的地方,有很 瀧且人共入之間:張和功利主 六一己不喜故可以大可不秒,工大乎有低不概求情况 。但是在工作時間內,在現,过些流勋取很高 战之重吸,學生時代怠,我間版,就回來說就 在外做事,人際關係兒,同學認為,應該不 過程,使我們習到,些以前沒有處心經爐, ,對音学生來說作之願,但是代羅次的實習, 一省,每個人都是熱愛

·了元際軌,公司方

ZAPREKESEK

G

報日橋華

WAH KIU YAT PO

學,他是社工系,在 ,另外一位姓李的問

萣區巋犯罪的青少半、兩5半月,做运站给 一。他說,實際工作却是一造及工業工程界,修道 有薪金,一切自安工作 另一位商學是生 次锣苔是没有津貼。世沒有半空閒 雅乐暑費盤 個月,此醤也就多了一 理論有戲?他工作 次是到氓于 钾

絵織

KOM BESH

OSPFEN-KAN

受尖刻錄是空開,上班

遥对工作的從榮興必有也導實際工作詩經驗,

任何人都要平等,不

有解外界的生物,這

䱛因爲他們是犯過熱率斯是學生時代沒有的,

他說,從這次開導一

.非上課所學到

理工學生會長盧建

青年阿萍的潜堂,他們

近索示每位出去實習

044 22012-

好,教育水準低;

增加工作繁驗外,難

社工供不應求

夏一帶出鏡,產起打銀行科瑞学 拔、何笑似

·司學、控長謝志偉、蘇莢葷同學和呂焯芬同學。 渣打箫行經李海核心肜岢院會學院頒發獎

, 對於將來出路問題三上課時所學到...鞏中

些人際關係,這些不是

ZENESZTEE$

育欷備華頁一第張六第 日三十月九年酉辛蘑夏

1982

| 中學會考試題預習專欄

經

濟

(=)

明德出版社陳勵德 ̇

王啓光提供資料

Economics (2)

K.K. Wong & L.T. Chan.

Mill & Dale Press Ltd.

Basic Concepts (Cont'd)

71 Price and value

Price:

The price of a commodity is the sum of money which a person pays to a seller in order to obtain the ownership of the commodity. Thus, the price of a certain commodity is that the exchange value of it which is

in terms of money

The price of a commodity is.

determined by supply and denaud conditions, in the free market. It tends to rise as demand exceeds supply, or fall as supply exceeds demand in the market.

However, price may not move freely in- accordance with changes in demand and supply due to market imperfections or government interventions.

Despite the fact that price may not reflect the real market conditions, still serve as an" index for consumption. production, exchange,

and resources

allocation to certażu extent. In a mixed economy, price plays a very important role indeed;

Value:

For each commodity,. there are two kinds of value, which are known as value in use1 and Avalue, irit

The value in use! of a commodity is the total utilToy which it yields as it is used. It reflects the usefulness of the commodity.

The 'value în

exchange or

commodity is the quantity of some other commodity for which the commodity can be exchange. Thuỷ, the exchange value of a Comodity can be expressed in terms of units of some other commodity. It also can be expressed in terus of money, and is therefore called price.

The value in use: of a commodity

-differ fron

*value

in exchanger key

since

the latter is usually affected by the market -demand and supply

cenditions. The higher the marginal utility of a "commodi ty", the higher its value in exchange will be.

8. Production, and

Consumption

Production;

Production.

defined as any

activity directed to. the creation of goods

or services with given

resources.

Production involves. changes in time,: place, form, and shape of the resources. The main ain of production is to provide

sufficient goods and services to satisfy

·human", wants.

There are three. stages of production. They are primary secondary, and tertiary production,

They are interdependent on one another.

Consumption;

Consumption: is defined as the

process.

of utilising a certain commodity or service from which, satisfaction is obtained by the person who uses it,

Consumption is ne necessary for each individua) and it i the primary mútive a person to work.

As consumption occurs, utility is derived and the need for production arises

19. Income and Expenditure

Income:

Income is defined us the inflow of money or wealth to an individual or organisation. Tucome may arise as an reward to land, labour, capital, entrepreneur, of a transfer payment such as peusion,

social welfare assistance, er subsidy.

It is important" to distinguish between realam money income. Real income is the amount of goods thint

can be purchased with

the incurae. It...

the real

purenasing power of

the incone. Money F

income is the nomina l value of the money, In time of infiation, real income bay. Tall although money ineome Penaius constant,

Expenditure:

The outf money of a

expenditure. The expenditure can be of various forms. It may be spent on the consumption of certain comindiaïes and services or the instalments of un producer goods for further productin.

Whenever incorag exceeds expenditure, stock of capital. increases because tlie

is not spent will add to the stock of capital.

10.Types of Economy

In general, there

are three

economy, and planned

economy

compose

the past. But we

types of economy. Tliey are free study then only in so far economy, mixed

as they give meanings to. the overall pattern of

in history. And since in examination you are often asked about that overall pattern, the bits aud pieces of details you: force yourseli to memori: may be

einen free economy,

In a

prices are freely determined by the

interaction of deciand

and supply conditions of markets. There is no government interventions on the economy at all. Production and consumption are directed by price. Devisions made by all producers and consumers are free from any inter intervention from the government.

In a mixed

and the

take part in the economic activities. The government imposes taxes on certain groups of individuals. and business. enterprises" and spends public funds on certain public projects or schiemes run by the government. On the other hand, private sector remains unaltered by the u governmental setions. Businessmen still do their best in making profits, while Consumers have

freed m

în consumption to. certain extent.

In a planned economy, the government decides. on what goods should be produced, what factors

should

Consumers.

-of "Tre

have to accept the supply of commodities and services

za at prices set by the govorunejit In this economy, it is the government, timu dictates the production, consumption,

distribution and.

employment uf

of production.

歷

史

that these details cam

scaless, meaning

no mark at all.

There surely are questions that test one's knowledge on plain facts in the multiple-choice part, But the facts are basic facts, facts that an average student cannot pussibly forget. And even in the multiple-choice part, you are often asked about things like causes, effects, reasons for success/failure and so on in short, about the overall pattern of lis- Lory itself. It is thing to keep yourself. busy with learning some thing when studing his- tory, even if those things are unimportant and ir- relevant. It's another thing (a very important thing) to understand What a period of history is important about.

one

a

A habit of reading is important, To be more ex- set, it should be reading Faragraphed passages rather than point-by-point uoues, Notes are often written with incomplete sentences, a mane, heading, a short pl case. and so on. They are more convenient to study and this is true. But because you have to write long essays in an examination, you may find it difficult to write out the short notes in complete sent- ences and in a logical glow, and many a student vo faila to do so fails in an examination though fo has studied lot of notes. Reading paragraphed passages not only enables us to understand a period of history better; it als shows us how a reason can be explained, huw an ar-

明德出版社胡亮提供資料| gument can be logically

HISTORY (2)

NIEL & DALE PRESS

TRYGE, WOO

(Continued from the vious issue)

Many of us are an ostrich if some kind the bird timt stucks its head into the sand on seeing an enemy. Dates, names, places and other factual details are hard and fast, Compared with causes/ef- fects and significance and so on, they are plain information that does not Ataxia mind or require. painful reasoning. It's easy to spell the name Bang Yu-wei and keep spelliúm it in an exam- ination, Bụt the study of istory is cerizinly not. in exercise to turn peöpie into a computer. If you want to store data, a computer is definitely far more efficient. Information like dates,

is by names and so nature necessary for the study of history; they

ON

developed and analysed,

and how an idea can be reasoned out. You cần. pick up short phrases here and there, and slow- ly you will become famili- ar with the different ways

presentation, so that

in examination lines you can readily translate your shouşchità into words and Rentonces without diffi- culty, In examination Lines, yo dust be able to do this because of the time liniť.

Yow you can see that las zuage is often the final but most important pro-

len. If our Englisa. standard is not good. enough, we read up his tory books or study his- tory notes only slowly. on the one hand, and we cannot adquately and fully write out what is in our mind on the other Both these disadvantages are very real. The only solution is more efforts in polishing up your language power, but the that is no longer listey.

resumably your English,

standard

is

OK or else

you could not have read what I've written here..

Indeed presumably you have been very patient to read this column of Bind because I believe you have always wanted to do better still in the subject history. The only secret of success (though I can clain very little) is unceasing thinking and reasoning, But you, need patience itself to keep up with your think- ng and reasoning. The marker of your examina- tion paper cau read the first few lines of an essay that you write, and cần tell rightaway whether you really under- stand the topic of his tory. It's funny to say that we do not really understand what we are writing about but this is sometimes true. Many a student knows bits and pieces of factual infor- mation, and an his essay is just a mixture of words and short phrases.

Individually the words and phrases have meanings of course, but together they do not make up an

with # central

And yet pany a student puts the blame, or

poor English standard; alone, which is only hal?

rue. The other half of the truth is that he should have started to think and reason, not during the examination but montlis before it.

ENO

附加數

(=)

明德出版社岑俊彥提供資料

Additional Maths. (2)

MILI & DALE PRESS IT

S.E.

Solutions to Exercise 1

109

147 12

(aus.

3n(3-2)

(ans.).

5" (6.3-4)

ans

log/8-10g/125+10g/27

1og6-10g5

16g8-log1252

10g6-10x5

Iog(2))=-1og(5

(53)

Tog(3x2)-1963-

-log5+ log3

log3+1og2-1 og5

(log2-1ög5+log3)

∙1og5+1og3.

ans.

(a)

Log(y+3)+1ogy

·Tog(y+3)+logy

(b)

Log10. Tog10

10

-- (y+3)y =

+3y-10 (y+5)(y−2) = @

−5 or 2 (ans,)

Jog-x-1 =108,9

Changing the base x to

We have

Tog

putting y=10gzX,

(y−2}(y+1) =

y = 2 or Jog-x-2 or

9 or } (ans.)

(3)-15

(5*)2+2(3* )-15-0

Let y=5*

4y-15=0- +5)(y-3)=0

y-or-5

x-1 faust

s not appoicable)

-125=0

(52)*+4(5') (5')=0 (5^)2+20(5*)-125-0

Let y=5*

y2+20y-125-0

(y-5) (y+25)=0 y=5 or -25

- ⇒ x=1.

(ans.

is not applicable)