1981-03-12 — Page 26

WAH KIU YAT PO

few scattered Industrial contres, the local demand is therefore low. Except for Tumen, transportation of bil is difficult since there are. only few railways and limited pipeline linkage between oilfields and refineries.

頁二第張七第 日七初月二年西樂瑟夏

1981

中學會考試題預習專欄

地

明德出版社李婉儀提供資料

理

Geography (33)

Y. Y. Lee

HILL & DALE PRESS LTD.

(#) 46. Describe two modern

45. The diagram below howa

the locations of several

oilfields in China.. Explain why the locations of oilfields in area A are more favourable;thon' those in area B with reference to the economic development of the area concerned,

Suggested Ansvers

The oilfields in Area A are located in the vell developed industrial region in China. The population of the area is much denser than Area and abundant labour is easily obtained.

oilfields in the area include the Taching, Pohai and Shengli oilfields. All of them enjoy favourable conditions.

The Taching oilfield is situated in Manchuria, close to the important industrial: cities such as Harbin, Chengchuo, Taitanishun and Shengyang, The above industrial centres produce a lot of heavy industrial goods, e.g, electric goods, esp electric autors, steam turbins, "locomotives, metallurgical

equipment and iron and steels, and thus consume a Lotuf petroleum to generate electricity, Transportation of oil in favoured by the dense network of railways which links the oilfields with refineries and the port Late. where, oil can be sent by ship or tanker to other parts of the country and for export...":

• The Pohai and Shergli are located in the N. Shangtung Peninsula in F. China. They are close to Peking, Tientsin and Tsinan, vhich are pajar industrial centres, too.

wields in área B are not.

so favourable since they are located in the M part of a Chins, which is remute from the coast and market. The population density of the area is low, and there are only a

methods bỳ which' tin is mined in Malaysia and account for the

significance of tin

pruduction" in the economie

development of Malaysiz.

Suggested Answers:

心

The two modern tin mining: wethods employed in: Malaysia

are:

(1) Dredging

This method is extensively practised in areas of alluvial deposits, e.gy in the Klang- valley and Kinta Valley. In this method, a large machine or dredge, driven by electric power, is found" floating on river or large pond, vast quantities of tin-bearing. alluvium and gravels are a scooped up by a chain of steel, buckety. Then the alluvium is conveyed to sorting sheds or sluicess where theERRANE mineral-bearing material is vashed over and over again by strong jets, of water until the heavier tin ore is separated from the gravel and remains behind. One of the advantages

of this technique is that the deposits with tin contant as low as 1% can be worked. In. Malaysia, over half of the tin ore produced is obtained. by this method, The initial capital required for setting up a plant for such operations is quite large this method is therefore mainly employed by a few large mining companies. (2)Hydraulic Gravel Pumping - It is a method which is

extensively employed in areas. of thick tit ore deposits near the source of water. power. High Pressure monitors direct jets of water against the tin-bearing, gravel, which is loosened and swept, into a sluice or settling tank where the, heavier tin particles settle to the bottom while the lighter impurities are washed away. Or the tin- bearing material is carried through high pressure water pipe into a palang or launder where the heavieria are siukaid a series of obstructions. The tin ore is then shavelled out of the palong by the miners.

The Significances af

of. Tin

Production: Là - the Economie Development of Malaysia

- Tin mining, on one hand

has encouraged the economic development of Malaysia in the following ways:

(1) The great profit from tin mining, encouraged immigration especially the people from South China, who

helped a lot

of

in the early development

Malaysia..

乙

報日僑

·(2) Mining centres soon prospered. into large' townz as the industry attracted ulao many other professions. Ipoh and Kuala Lumpur serve na vèry' good examples.

(3) Since tin mining requires a lot of cheap power, the generation of H.F.P. ate Chenderoh Lake in the Perak Valley was developed. It in turn encourages the:

industrial development of the country'

(4) Tin mining has also led to the improvement:of

communication of the country Highways and railways, are constructed, ports are developed to facilitate the transportation of concentrated tin ore to smelters, and the exportation of refined ingots. to other countries, encourages the plantation agriculture. such as the plantation of rubber, coconut oil, palm and pineapples. DANIE

(5) The export of tin accounts for a major earning of the country. The money can be used to help the development of the country many different vaya,

in education, industrial development and social welfare.NE

On the other hand, tin wining poacs some problems on the economic development of Malaysi

......

(1) Tin mining, as many other mining activities, can be regarded as a 'robber industry for its tailings occupy large areas which may be utilized for better uses, such as agriculture and forestry.

(2) Tin, together with rubber, account for about 80% of ity total exports. It is unsafe for Malaysia to be too concentrated upon these two products. As the prices of then fluctuate, the economy of the country also suffer from it

生物

(十三)

明德出版社梁永華提供資料

Biology (23)

W. W. Leung-

MILL & DALE PRESS LTD.

13. The following diagram is a.

simplified nitrogen cycle.

x

【Nitrogen-fixing |

bacteria In the (root nodules of: leguminous

plants

#Nitrites

B

Animals

Nitrates

Plants

a) What should X be? b) Which form of nitrogen is

the greatest nitrogen

reservoir of the system?

四期星

c) Narme the type of association between the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and leguminous plants.

d) State the importance of

(1) the nitrogen-fixing

日二十月三年一八九一腦公年十七國民華中一刊選學料有教

bacteria to the leguminous plants.

(2) the leguminous plants to

the nitrogen-fixing. bacteria.

e) Give two uses of nitrates to

plants,

(1) Name the processes A,

B and C.

(2) Describe and explain the

effects on plants and animals if process AS inhibited..

g) Give two ways by which

nitrogen in animals returns. to the soil.

14. The moth (Biston betularia)

in Britain may have dark.or light pigmented wings. A survey in Britain showed: that the distribution of the: two forms in industrial area where the trees had been darkened by industrial pollution and in: non-industrial areas was quite different. as shown in the following table.

None Industrial industriall areas with areas dark woods with light

woods

[No, of

moths. counted

2595

2488

Dark

1509.

1083.

moths

Light moths

762

1736

The same survey shows that: birds are the predators of the moths,

a) What is the effect of natural

selection on living. organisms?

·b) In this example, what was

the possible selecting agent? c) Which form of the moths...

adapted the industrial areas. better?

d) Explain why light moths were selected in the non-industrial

areas.

15. The following diagram is a

food web in a habitat,

SUN Green plants

Caterpillar

Mouse

Sparrow..

'Snake

Hawk

a) (1) What is the importance of

the sun in this food web? {2} What does the arrow.

康誠

denote in this food web?

(3) By what processes that

往,團的生啊。

energy is lost tram one. level to another.

b) (1) Construct a pyramid of numbers using some of

these organisms.

(2) Account for the difference

in number of the: organisms.

c). Explain what would happen:

to the community if

(1) insecticides are used in

this habitat.

(2) hawks are killed in this

habitat.

ANSWERS:

13. a) Atmospheric nitrogen. eb)Atmospheric nitrogene

c) Symbiosis, d)(2)Nitrogen-fixing

bacteria provide the leguminous plants with nitrogenous compounds. (2) The leguminous plants.

provide the nitrogen- fixing bacteria with water nutrients and shelter.

e)(1) Synthesis of protein.

(2) Synthesis of 1 chlorophyll,

)(1) A: absorption,

B: nitrification. C: denitrification.

g) Since plants use nitrates to form prateins and. chlorophyll, the inhibition. of process A would cause. a reduction of growth and eventually death of the. plants, Since animals feed on plants, they would also result in death for the lack.of foods

b) Excretion and

decomposition of their death remains.

14. a) The effect is that

organisms with characters. "in favour of the particular

environment will survive better and breed more: offsprings than those with unfavourable characters. b) The bird.

c) Dark moths. d) The woodgin_

non-industrial areas are light in colour, Light moths are well camouflaged against these light woods and therefore hardly detected by birds; This made the light moths to be more selected than”- dark moths in St M non-industrial areass.fm e) 1. Advantage: save work,

2. Disadvantage:

inadequate samples to 、get an accurate ratio. ) We let them cross and

sort out those resistant offspring which are high in yield for vegetative propagation.

15.a) The sun is the ultimate

(1) energy source of the

food web.

(2) The arrow denotes the

flow of energy or the passage of materials from:ohe:level to: another? (3). Energy is lost from one level to another because some of the energy. is utilized by Cthe organisms to do

work and some of the. energy is lost as heat

b) (1)

Hawk

Hawk

OR

Snake

Mouse.

Sparrow

Caterpillar Green plant's

Green plants!

(2) When energy flows :

through a food chain, only a small proportion of the energy taken up by each link is. transferred to the next step because some of: the energy is lost as heat and/or utilized by the organisms to do work. On the other Hand the

organisms become progressively bigger than the: organisms being consumed therefore number of organisms in each step progressively decrease towards the top of the food. chain as the amount of available. energy progressively decreases.

c) (1) If insecticides are

used in-this habitat, the number of cater caterpillar decreases. As a result, the number of green plants will increase since less green plants are consumed by cater caterpillar but the number of sparrow will -decrease"due to

inadequacy of food (caterpillar),

this habitat, the number of sparrow end snake will increase since less predator. eats them, As a result, the number of in caterpillar and mousei will decrease since

they are the foods of

sparrow.and snake

respectively.

科學

優特法測光喇

點别的定

譜慢

簡化股多。

亦可以使用水溶液進行分析。

※

小,由於爾曼證著清晰度很高。

之類物質的雞排列是特別有用的。 結構的特性振(例如大分子或體模型 38 都依器;我們能够樱易地刺定重见于或一些赛象,某的出口縫F4豪惠。 崇采用紅外筏作一項全面的研究至少要用网|G2.作用下第二楼色 ...... ※二個頻率節圍都包含在一個認段中,而如發生滑时,並在过光柵 ,這樣可以大大簡化對備受帶發的識別工作。:射模。通過E3的射 從對稱的所在位置來測出消編擬因數機及我們所带的班長的 ※對稱撮滅的強度對於研究彞如乙快乙烯引起散射,這是由於儲 供給分析者關於化合物持費的資料,和從紅外線好突控實,而只庭教 浩所得耧果基本上是相同的;因爲南曼光所掛鏡片。實片不是在草色 HRHCAAMAN析和紅外分析 輪上,故此繁使用访客 其它特照

够隶入F3的唯一散射

色射殺。因此它們不能

※由於强度和民成性關係,使分析工作

F

装在單色儀器的一年, 、所有的碗械構都

“※未成知曼光語法很容易配別間分異構體,

※曼光供給的料,使分析工作者得以

造加咸化會對於諧凌的湖散結果,影响很,以方便推接。步溯鼠點

,另一方面是多煮出

一方面是爲了方便操作

機的全部控制器均安速

而采用棼收紅外啓用很錯禁用。

·算出化学平衡常數以及其它熱力學的動線特性。在一個頌獨的裝置義,

宄簿米至四〇〇或五0多米的測量祗因。 除上述優點之外, 的單色射没此時出現|裝設的。诓些籤片本可 此外,嫩受光源只給出一個記錄和數據,而紅外纈濇接通常却隱要二 诚低缵少 ):振動率處於紅外蓮華團中,常低 影,紅外颊能不能绘制出。建现三醫的對論後動子計算機染合使用。 *因爲它們的售规模接近道风雅變,它們的频率 消炎藥新品種

「抗炎生|面世

,而就發池用的試往 P围内,水的吸收率很强 ▲生紅外敍法通常所過圈 M3、M4SMS、M 完全飂免的生跟踪誤差,科基极机系熱而成,生了抗藥性,因而服用 》的問題。在紅外交的拖6就是台猺這個作用而一,將兩儷光得裝在一個,具有抗菌、抗病案、無效;或者没用後竟生一 ▲恋進行研究,並不會發一語F3上0鏡片M2、遇公司的技術人員爲了一定剂,係由森保與植物,抗生黨的低用,細留產 《喇曼光譜濛可以對水溶,在第二個寬色時的入口,以省去,但法際若比條,我國模創的最新植物抗,於垂危。但由於近年來, 複合「抗炎生」撼「和急症,都能挽救病者 具有安全速效優點

SRAMANOK O

TH.G.2

系的

|錄在最低温度的米上甜列。◎

按鈕式溫度計

盛

目囊生票的滚

抗生素所性合等榮菌提儼創合

代生是成凡凞抗用解摅構器歉

對眼和生。番病型

女婦斯爾威

瑋弄不瓦弄

椒

因其究家專

鎘含中水食

一個难污器的水平直缝 集,它把射强聚焦在缮 蜜內,外使用。 被一個大口徑懒鐘所收 可以。它艾商標遡宜在向上方,而綫的最低一捏棄效? 由洪常发射出射錢,只要按一按一個任就爱的梯热推示標書被推 用「抗憂生」會有酸炎,因利實現炎及形,再食亦度就放满了男女的出生此事。 計,其特點是長需用一度上升時,右邊 生業無效說對合成抗凡智啖炎、感晉書下降,他說,拉丹車系附近的書院领缮中含意 英就快品了一段至排列,在右彎則從下至一在對養在威泰和運大性一些大老遠效,而維抗生生物學家模斯的表示,在印度,老以及衰變

來遭示降示方

黃指贏左題而推機

示蚁手

科常見的炎症如出抗告 從細胞被到一間新實的工業—1

人

在去年

拉丹家恩村有

生,但一名男

丁也没有上文

現代生物學时無形的物質培養馬上有

一個單色器、通過F?「HU袗臂左臂由上至下一起爲止。核按鈕會迫使 *出口悔f?上。出自第一〔穆氏光兼備的刻度,按下温度計中央一顆按 漫定波長的射來聚焦在三十度凈福氏正五十度在原來位置,直至有人 多洛求粟爲档袷的頑疾一七。 F1上。阿光橋GIL 的U字形水银柱和一個的指示樱顯示了最低谋理一項宽大的突臣,各定匯床試造,探娘进 射涌東衍射,並使具有磁性刻度尺。從屬氏魚座,這些指示標都拿留。抗生素面世之後,很百分之八十四九十的研究已有提足的服。細胞核、鼻阆燮、梅胞 四十年代,人類發 --用本品均有果效

時的水銀柱水乎去。? 光計放置一個街

所以指示原白映商常

雜性刻度尺胎最掴示格

海浪發電

:日本海粹科學技術中心,不久前在山形漏勢

【

[ 米長**五電 阿市安装了一套谒浪發電发照,利用對浪來來

▲個宿的「海明」號的發電設備是一個船形手憕,油色站外壳裏面。如果

·去的冲醺力,把谁该能鶴换成空氣壓力發電。這米寬×二五毫米深的奶

合成塑料理想

撲酸分子,但是存在于

【#與體內的,無的大

可

以代

替石膏

·西東一位致授及一孤幣流的種生經過了五年時間研究,發現了一種

臺代應生

小、長短和形狀也怪有

二百五十千瓦。 中文渦視機、發電機和控制器,每小時能發一千在一個供應上限就順客 基甲乙酯混分,再倒在一隻採買的長韫內,初時塑料孩子是非常柔斯的 8)及八十米,國二十米,近五百噸,內有閥門、空大烏汀烤、梨造商可域 能够代替石膏的合成亞科:豪氨基甲台乙甜。象生們將兩建級別的菜纹病猫的三億,更將戲給

土宅固善您支柱和門架。

•而易舉地飛搭起來,讓一需些附加的材料就是水泥和碎石,用以泡混棄 【肉,讓一間架构早日坜好的壁,只需兩個人按按示動工,就可以絕

▲乙烯的聚乙烯製造,能够投大面積。 可以一併供應自種植環境所需的一切設備·它的堅翻外種含有百分之四 MU L'T IBA Y 由英國訴袋推出,能合符許多不同氣候的需求,

- 家的阿旭岳也附帶設備了浪死系統+最新發色遭包括了提供各式水表重櫙

·姆语觉又失通支撑作物的說,我氣、無風和漫在圣務,供遇中東國

四季可用的種植室

附活可見工作人员正在一問MU LT - B-A Y 塑料钵楨展囊檢視生染

据定的牌子名慈成擦越,但還滿二十分鐘後它就會變得十分堅硬。在普通情况下,取用携带便可,一個草和戲,直徑百林

可以帶基于游泳和鎮宜照X光。它的價甡當然要比石青岛貴

:豪氨基甲酸乙脂比石灣更爲優勝的地方就是量較好,不透水八轰醛一米;入血液中的紅

|以把瓶子的位于固定,如有需要的話也可使用一種裝備有拉鍊的裤子。米(一株米等于蕉分之

一們美造生物體,首先得

出手一、新興工業。人

樂

雞!

于 籍 物胞有