頁二第張八第 日七十月正年酉辛歷宴·
地
1981
中學會考試題預習專欄
理
(二十)
明德出版社李婉儀提供資料
Geography (20)
Y. Y. Lee
MILL & DALE PRESS LTD.
39. Study the diagram and
. information given above
Say what type of farming is practised in the area and how does the farm illustrate the general characteristics of such a type of farming.. Discuss the future development of this type of farming.
School, clinic. temple, etc.
Roadst
Streams
Subdivisions
Storage shod
Collecting station
ca Village
d Areas yielding rubber:
Replanted but immature. trees.
Areas of old rubber trees and areas being cleared :
Information:⠀⠀⠀
Size: 2, 200 ha
Relief: Undulating foothiil:
country
Soils: Alluvial
Ownership: Dunlop Co. Staff: 5. managerial staff 600
tappers (Malay 40%; Chinese 40%, Indian 20%) 150 general labourera Suggested Answers:
a. Type of agriculture and its
general characteristics
It is a typical example of plantation farming, It reflects the general characteristics of such a type of farming as below:
1) Location in the tropical
area
:. The sample farm is
25km from Malacca. It shows that it lies in tropical region. Plantations are usually practised in tropical regions, on fertile alluvial soils.. 2) European ownership
2. The farm is now owned by Dunlop Co, which is a European company. It reflects one of thea
characteristics that.
WAH KIU YAT PO
plantations are mostly owned: by European countries. Usually this form of
cultivation was first taken by white people in their colonies. After the Industrial
Revolution in the western.
European countries, the
demand for tropical. products increased steadily. With
their immense capital, the European established farms in the tropical coastal regions. 3) Large size
The size of the farm is 12, 200 ha,, which covers –
quite a large area. It reflects another characteristic the plantations, which are
dense
tropical rainforest, are. usually very large in size. 4) Efficient management ⠀⠀⠀ The work on the farm is usually well organized, e. §. five managerial staff are employed in the sample farm. Great emphasis is laid on the efficiency of cultivation and the equipment employed. Generally; besides providing for nursery beds setting up laboratories, using farming machinery, the entrepreneura also established factories for primary processing or 'packing of the products. *5) Native workers employed.
A lot of native workers are usually employed as reflected by the sample farms: there are 150 general labourers and 600 tappers of which 40% is Malay, 40% Chinese and 20% Indian, Natives are employed as labourers in-plantations since the white people cannot stand the tropical climate.
6) Monoculture.
The sample farm is. specialized on the growing of rubber trees.only. The characteristic of monoculture. is applicable to all plantations. Usually only one or two.crops are selected.
7) Systematic and scientific.
work
* Using the sample farm as an example, the fields are systematically divided into areas yielding rubber, areas.
·with replanted but immature trees, areas of old rubber: trees, and: areas of being
cleared. It reflects that works on plantations are usually systematic and scientific to ensure a high yield. 8) Well facilitated
The estate is divided into three divisions with one village in each. The estate has also clinic, school and temple. It reflects that in plantations there are usually villages for the
accommodation of the hired Jabourera, with facilities, like markets, schools, or co-operatives scattered all over the farms.
(9) Export.orientated
報日僑華
-The estate is owned by Dunlop Co. a-European . company of which the products are sold all over the world, It shows that the products of plantation farming are mainly for exports or are intended for sale in the international market. There are also roads to facilitate the transportation of products for export.
b.Future development
In recent years, many of the former colonized countries became independent.. After the European plantation owners have left the country.. local management becomes inefficient. The plantations either continued operation under government contral or become divided into 'small :holdings owned by the: native farmers. Diversification.is:
encouraged by planting other crops in fighting against the price fluctuation. Monoculture seldom exists, in this kind of farming,
40. a.Give an account of the
favourable conditions which used to encourage the farmers in Central. Thailand to grow rice as a major crop."⠀
b. Wliat problems have the. rice-growers in the area to face with? What' measures have been adopted by the Government to increase farm production in recent years?
Suggested Answers:
Favourable conditions. for rice growing in Central Thailand
1.Temperature
Rice growing requires 4-6.month growing season. with average temperature around 25°C and heavy rainfall over 1500mm or equivalent in irrigation. The temperatures in the Central Valley are high all the year. Double cropping. is possible. Though the anoual rainfall to totai. is. only about 1400mm since, the valley is flanked by
mountains on three sides,
rainfall concentrates in the -growing season and
irrigation water can be easily obtained from the Menam Chao Phraya and its. tributaries, which drain across the whole lowland area::/
2. Relief and soil:
C. The Central Valley is a depression of vast stretches of alluvial lowlands, which allow large fields of rice cultivation; The Menam Chao Phraya. and its tributaries, not only supply irrigation: water as mentioned above, but also leave behind vast
quantity:
六期星R
日一廿月二年一八九一曆公年十七國民華中版邨新灣荃育教
of extremely fertile soil... which are most ideal for. the cultivation of rice. The soil fertility is replenished every year by the annual f flood.
3. Labour supply
Plenty of cheap labour is available for the ploughing, transplanting and harvesting..
Problems faced by the rice farmers
During the season of "high water from May to Sept.
the whole area is liable to extensive flooding. Although. this sometimes helps solve the problem of insufficient rainfall in this rain-shadow area and rejuvenate the soils, however, the length. of flood season and the depth of flood water vary: considerably from place to place and from year to year. The flood water is sometimes too. little for rice growth. On the other hand, it may rise to 3-5 metres high to cause serious. damages to the crops.
/ Furthermore, the over-dependency of rice growing on the seasonal rain and the river flood also, results in the fluctuation in rice yield as well as rice: prices.
Measures undertaken by the government, foly
'''' Several modern irrigation
works have been constructed. to solve the flood problem and to ensure a certainty of water supply. The main scheme is the Greater Chao Phraya Project, which includes a large dam across Chainat and fourteen smaller ones. down-stream, Large networks of inundation and distribution canals with pumps during the period of low flood flow. These have brought:large pieces of Tand under irrigation and enable a second crop in the dry
season.
生
物
(=+)
明德出版社梁永華提供資料
Blology (20)
W. W. Leung
MELL & DALE PRESS LTD.
General Revision
7. The following organisms
are found in a reservoir.
Herbivorous
2 species of Frotozoa A.&.B, tadpoles, pond weeds, ducks,
a green algae.
One species of Protozoa feeds on green algae. The other species of Protozoa is carnivorous; and feeds. en.the former Protozoa
The followings are the data about the two s
species of Protozoa:
| Weight: of
1 million.
individuals
Average number of organia成分,
per c.c.or water
Speci
Species B
0.002g 0,003g
100
(a)(1) Determine which
species of Protozoa is carnivorous and give 2 reasons to support your answer.
It is found that when ig of the carnivorous species has eaten I-million of the other
Protozoan species, its weight inerensen only: by 0.0015g.. Explain it. (b) Construct a food web of
the organiams listed above, (Start with the Producers at the bottom
·of your weko)
(c) Bacteria are not listed in the organises above. (1) Can they be found in
the reservoir?.
(2) What is the role of
bacteria in au vecosystem?
8. Cross pollination tɛkes.
place between a plant bearing white flowers and a plant bearing red flowers :of. the same species. This
cross give rise to 68, whitë and 73 red-flowering progenies.
PARENTS:
White- flower |plant
FL:
66 white- flowertog plants
self.
Redun:
flowering. plant
75. redw flowering plants
F2: pollination
All white
flowering
planta.
(a) Which phenotype is.
dominant?
(b) Using defined symbols, state the possible.
genotype of white and red-flowering plants in the parental generation,
(c). Make 2 diagrams to show
the crosses in obtaining the first filial (F1) and the second filial (F2) generations described above...
(d) Account for any
difference between the theoretical and actual read ta
(e). State, with explanativa,
the probable ratio of the white to: red-flowering progeny as areault of
self-pollination of the
red flowering planta.
ANSWERS:
7.(a)(1) Species Bis carnivorous.
The species B. is
larger in body, size
(b)
iudicate that it has. a higher trophie level, then A.
(2) Protozoan. species H has eaten 1 million of protozoan apecies A (0.002g) but ità weight increases by. 0.0015g. It is because: BOme materials are used in respiration to release energy for vital activities such as movement of food.
Protozoan B.
Secondary `
consumers:
Ducks
vacuoles, digestion.
and absorption.
Protozoan
Tadpolea
consumers:
Herbivorous
fisk
Primary.
Pond weeda.
: Green algae
Producers:
(c)(1) They can be found
the reservoir. (2) They act as the decomposer.
8. (a) Red-flover
(b) Symbolat
the gene for red-flower R; the gene for white flower Genotype of
red-flowering parent is
Genotype of white-flowering pare
(e) The cross in
obtaining F1:
(white):
Par
-Gemete
white)
The cross in obtaining F2:
(white)
Gametes:
F2:
fall
(red)
White)
(a) The actual ratio in the
first cross is white:red-68:73,while the theoretical one is white:red = 1:1: The actual ratio resulted from a random fusion of
gametes during
fertilization while the theoretical ratio is. calculated by mathematics.
e) The probable ratio
white red is 1:3-
Purentar
Gametes:
Prog
(red):
(red)
and lesser in number than saecies A
(white)
工趕紛座多滿住已座首 業啟市街邨角圍石 决解致大物購民居 青華
筌
便不感則店食飲無·求外須不可能而必 龍九出士巴無嘆同邨兩山象與
大業、有獾形
衣涌
,
新
邮
版
、荃灣業邨中最新建成
·在公共邨近期新設的商業中心有一個有趣的現象,是最先開設的每
居民表示確需要否則不便 大窩口象山邨・均有同樣情形
最先開設是書報檔 新邨商業中心趣事
並進中 。 形,現已獲致改善。 居民曾一度中訴解物不使的
·遊至現時,榔內已開設有一
而其他合座估計亦多可於年內
大舉施工,多座大厦建設分類 現已陸維住滿了。而邨內正統 稍後相繼完成,提供更多居民,是警報欄位。
现在至少已有兩座大道大
·的石圍角邨自第一座人 陸網啓市了。在初期入伙時, 没有善報檔位就非常不方便。, 在酒樓門口的拱形,已有改進了。(黃)
,位於第一座石翼樓地下的報刊的。就在石圍角邨的購物中心,謝報擋位也很早開設。 小型街市及商業中心,月來已 各邨居民表示:他們的每天總監必智報紙與一些書刊,如果中 致娩工,預料不久即可入伙。一年是習報擋,亦可反映居民對精神粮食重視的好現象。 現在各邨中的警報檔位是固定間格有如一間小商店,比之旅面通常設
當去年荃灣象山邨宏大的商業中心檔位套形時,在各業中最先開設的
而在大高只度建計劃下建成的購物中心內,最早開設的梅位亦是出售
當、牛肉、鮮魚、蔬菜、
入伙初期所難免的現象,相 情形不久將可改期,只希望能
居风承製淇是每一個新邨
熟食檔亦欠奉,天想外出吃哦 不只酒樓警鵩供無,小宾 出邸中现在邀沒有食店之設,
大致解决,而不須外求。 : 不過,新翠入伙的居民指
業,對居民基本生活必精品曾
有胛馆、粮食蹀貨店 、 文 、樂行及家庭用品店等各行商
能及單改善而已。
至於交通方面,現時只有一
一頂站。這條雙腳巴士語··卅二號。有欧之夜在奈轉
餐毎往
光泰的巴士,而不方便。 在石重角邨本近的象山櫛方面,也有居民作回揉申訴,偶隣迫無緻花,
*到荃灣杌站轉車實在覺時失事。
居民每每在巴士站上等钩不耐煩,也只好改搭小巴了。 一但都到九融方面就爾煩。主角們也申說:林中並無直通九劑的巴士权, 據邨居民來表示:由石圍角邨來往荃灣市中心低交通並無大間翮5 費則往往是位一元五角,比巴士高出一元多。但由於巴士班文較疏落! 此外另有來往荃灣街衔的小巴綫,也駛區石圍角道而接戱邨民,而收
更多居民入住時,將能有行走石圍角及貌山兩部與九龍之間的新巴土緒。 居民中亦有照解到洹又走新邨入伙初期的戮題。他們希望石魔角邨有 (·)
寶石邨區內,遊樂塲清新 |
常必須的通無工具。
地名,有「東方之珠」荃8
增進居民認識共享安居
的爽警。
荃灣葵涌滅罪展覽 舉辦有獎填字遊戲
一處理荃灣區民政的政
|帶給少年朋友的會。 一部製作,將警方的消息
透過老人義工的熱基亞
們拆辣度、設計遊戲. | 地投入籌備工作,他 人義工於近月來再外, 海社邀老人服務中心地 |活,四十多位耆康會茏 待,盼能激威其生
,與衆老人共同獸。
一群老太夫人驕其公子
,使他們得到快樂~
一來,有機會爲老人服務 助活動,他們能參與其 「熱心公益的社會賢達 一接待殿。他們表示:有 一物茶點,還担任訂發與 玉國舞、遊戲及派送微 、講故、唱歌、話劇、 玉了有啦报表演、魔術 - 主持當日全部怖! 服務社会的精神,他們 家的魄力 感興 盡所能,-
份残現出老 萊斯等,各司其職,
(18).
居住就讀區內十八歲以下均可參加 府部門。
聯新老荃
歡春人灣
務服濟工義人老
歡的安人豐茶要鐧佳新
位理區歡,半日活聯排而燒津爲主一節春
搭站: 處的但會運生隊 行闢角|石
道人成邨圍
一條行
石木大灣
中興北
成現角的土
·基德馬芬通霞助特·在於三月十一日中午十一由某地方運送至另一地。我台 聯歡務 3
近,與地進居民對換領獎辦法將於三月十八 舉行一項浃滅罪行股究二時截止。獲獎名單及分。
:
· 居民從
迪條行人道就在
一窺行的認識,共享安居 日在僑日報及荃灣地方。(十)香態總督一村石,但村長辦公的點(星期六)上午九時中,心中主要大道兩邊的巴
一年居民的興趣,現特琳·行及直行提示如下::「深」的上一句。《十二
良府各諮詢處刊登。居住的地方。
有關填字表格的壞」(十一)「水望低
统一項有獎航字游戲。
【凡是年在十八歲以下
横
,居住或就讀於荃讒哎,由少至多的意思。(二
憂慢積累,一葉村。
(十三)一個酸钾| (一)一個位於荃灣東區的,號之一。用作獎勵的,老人服務中心與茲要求,但由於痰廊第一座
色互相帮助的黑思一老人家,全部費用由新中,現行人道仍
◎摸被發行運効日 此「荃灣老人新春亞斯一對搭平震落家的居民來 「民府合辦,招待四百位對面的大膜仍在建築之 日∫爲香康會基灣社區一往,會相當方便。
▲葵涌區的居民都可叠加,一份文件,頒發給有跨鄰互助稱神,由荃藏。接近荃灣碼頭的一 界獅子會本砾武先生賨一封閉而未開放。估將來
「功勞的人。
鹿究會舉行期間,每日 在荃灣冽濔 攒淢罪行|亨亲報案中心。 【下(三)月七日至十1. (四)設於公共屋邨的 ,只要將表格填安,於每年均舉行百萬行。
他爆內考段的箱內,即可 務。 ,上項有獎與彩遴選項。八)將物件
入荃灣大會堂三樓候院訊方法,例如P等服 一上午十時蕃晚上八恵投的圍村。(六)現代錘 五荃灣一古老
罪滅力合民居起喚
晚戲心口大
會
有
民居待招劇幕獨
(七)一搵盤育麟
..會福利署大一
-取。又該中心邀劇組亦將於三月二日參加由 峑腾狨挟滅邪行发芃會所乎難波郭劇比賽 券可到中心地下總務或二樓工作辦事處 「陷阱」及「再別資塲路」,該廂費入場
1,三幕富有教育性的
-獨嘆:「救」
·波罪行,恃由該 正在中心最京演出 星期五)晚上八時 三月二十七日(
協助治安常局合力 中心戲團龍於本(
興趣,並喚起居民 一根根青少年對東湖
理民府協助成立的居民個運動堪,
助界老
石圍角遠的交融是相當
荃灣葵涌區撲滅罪行展覽會填字遊戲表格。
10幾代。◎學校中,每班的粗,而參加的老人多參與社 重要陂施。. 发活蚴及散發新春,並
· 人類居住的星球 是項活動目的爲號忙,預關行人道是
報么
三荃灣區撲滅罪行運動
NN
么么么
12
三民情上達
a
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