1980-12-08 — Page 27

13. An American scientist is known to have made similar experiments with bacteria. Compare the tense change in the following transformation with that in the one above: It is expected that the President will arrive tomorrow. The President is expected to arrive tomorrow.

straight lines,

將教僑華 頁三第張七第日二初月一十年申庚夏

WAH KIU YAT PO

報日僑

-期星

日八月二十年〇八九一圈公年九十六國民中

1981

33. She denied (her) robbing/having_robbed

the bank.

中學會考試題預習專欄

The work of deny here can be replaced by admit.

4. As shown in figure 2,

420 and 30E are

in terms of EA of AD.

(6) Lences OF

otherwise,

23° ZABO

·1100

SLOW.

DRACE.

and

Figure 4

LODE

Find /BFD.

Figure 2

英文

立基出版社劉浩源提供資料

Stephen Lau (Foundation Press)

Dear Students,

Today we come to the answers and ex- **planatory notes with regard to the exercise you

were exposed to last time.

I've said in the first of this series of three columns on sentence transformation that many miscellaneous ways of rewriting sentences would be dealt with later. This is why you'll be directed, to a number of patterns which I

aven't mentioned before, in today's notes.:

You should also be aware of the fact that. The exercke is modelled on previous years"

certificate Examination questions on sentence. transformation. So by understanding today's ustult, you'll have moved a big step forward in your preparation for the coming examination.

I know that you are not familiar with grammar but at times I have to bring in some grammatical terms in order to be rigorous.. These terms, however, are very basic and I'm madre: most of you will know their meaning. Those terms which may be alien to you are explained on the spot. So you can rest assured at these explanatory notes are comprehen- sible to you!

The doctor will give him an injection, This is easy enough,

The name of the new chairman will not be. announced (by them) until next week.

Here the doer does not need to be specified. It is exactly because of this non-specificity of the doer that the passive voice is used in sentences by those who do not wish to specify or disclose the identity of the doer...

She told me that they had not finished their homework the previous night/the Bight before.

Note the back shift in the verb finish and the change in the adverbial time phrase last nights

4. He asked her if she studied in the United

States.

For this type of questions in reported speech whether can replace if: actually the formor is usually preferred because it dogshit introduce ambiguity as if often *does..

She asked me to help her.

in indirect requests, please is not used, Instead, verbs like ask, request, beg, invite lake up the job of please.

Sue's mother told her/Sue not to lose it. "This illustrates an indirect: negative com- mand. Note that, in indirect commands or requests, the introductory verb, eg. tell, order," "command, ask, must be followed immediately by the person addressed and the infinitive "Keep quiet!" I said, 41 told them/him/her, etc. to keep quiet.

Mary offered to go with John as far as the mbus-stop

Note that a verb is sometimes necessary for introduction purposes, like offered in-quracase Some of you may wonder why Mary offered John a chance of going with her as far as the bus-stop cannot be con- sidered a satisfactory answer. A closer

look at this sentence will show that the sense (or meaning) of the original sentence may have been misinterpreted and that. you have added in something which is not necessary. Remember the instruction Mekmorby those changes which are neces

sa

I suggested that we (should move on to the next question.

In this pattern, should is usually omitted, especially in American English: Some verbs can also be used in this pattern (by re- placing suggest); command, demand, însist, * -order, propose, recommend, suggest.

19. Kit is the loveliest girl (whom/who{that)

've ever seen

14. Patrick sent the letter to our old address,

which was careless of him.

Here which can never be replaced by that.

15. He must have been Chinese because he

spoke Chinese perfectly. Compare this with

(1) I suppose they are going to church

for they are wearing their best clothes. They must be going to church for they are wearing their best clothes.

(i) I suppose he's forgotten mỹ name since he greeted me with just a smile. →He must have forgotten my name since he greeted me with just a smile.

16. In spite of (his) arriving late, he still caught

the bus.

Please remember it's wrong to write In spite of Despite he arrived late, he still caught the bus.

17. Take an umbrella with you in case it rains. It is not correct to write "in case it may rain. Another example: I gave him ten dollars because I thought he might not have enough money. I gave him ten dollars in cuse he had not enough money. "BUT NOT *I gave him ten dollars in case I thought he might not have/had not enough money. (in case – as a precaution against the event that Thus it won't be logical to put I thought after in case here.).

18. I wish I didn't have to work late.

19. I wish I had known him.

In both 18 and 19, you are shown what tense change occurs after the introduction, of I wish. Make sure you know the follow- ing different uses of wish.

I wish to see John, = I want to would like to see John:

I wish I saw John, = I'm sorry I don't see John (now).

20. I'm going to the dentist's to have my tooth

taken out.

NOT to have my tooth take out.

21. By the time I finish/have finished this

novel (next month), I'll be ready to start out to read another book.

It is undesirable to use future perfect tense after by the time.

22. This box looks too small (for it) (to be

able) to hold all her books.

C. 10. Whereas for it can be included in this sentence, for us is highly undesirable in the sentence in 10.

23. If he didn't leave the dog alone, it/the dog

would bite him in the leg..

It is preferred to the dog. If you remember that it is an example of the second kind of conditional sentences, you won't make a mistake in the pair of tenses involved.

24. Had he taken his teacher's advice, he would

not have failed the examination.

Inversion of the third kind of conditional senterices.

25. But for your help, I should have been

drowned.

Don't write such nonsense as "But for you had helped me,

26. If I were you, I should learn these pagës

thoroughly.

You should know that If I were you, I should is ä very good way of express- ing advice.

27. Corinna said that she had seen him two

days before, y

This is in fact a basic one.

28. Mabel asked for Arnold/to speak ru

Arnold,

This pattern also applies to the indirect form of "Could I see Mr. Wong?" he asked, i.e. He asked for Mr. Wong/to see Mr. Wong-

29. Richard said that if Josephine could lend him the book he needn't/wouldn't hove to didn't have to buy ír.

In reported speech, needn't can remain unchanged and often does. Alternatively it can be changed to wouldn't have to didn't have to just as must change to would have to had to.

The original negative sentence is changed to an affirmative sentence by using the. superlative (foveliest in this case). Usually disyllabic adjectives have more and most placed before them for the comparative and the superlative respectively. Those ending in an unstressed vowel, yow 30. The class-monitor shouted at/told the girls le, er, however, have the alternative of the inflected forms, eg, funny, funnier, funniest. Thus for this particular question, loveliest can be replaced by most lovely,

10%We were too impatient (to be able) to wait

wany longer.50

This is an easy one; it hardly needs elabor ate explanation.

It was such good weather that we ky on the beach all day.

It is incorrect to write *It was such a good weather... for weather is an uncount(able)

There aren't any advisers for them to turn to.

Notathatany is used and for them cannot be omitted.

not to run, ZA

This is an indirect command. Cf. 6.

31. It is one of the most interesting books

(that) I have seen for years.

You' must use a plural noun after one of because you are referring to one of an entire group which consists of more than

one.

32. How I wish I were a Nobel laureate.

Note the following sentences:

If only he joins us. We hope he will join us.

زیا

If only he will like it. = We hope he will like it. When past or past perfect tense is used. after if only, regret is expressed

If only she didn't dive so deep. - We wish she didn't dive so deep. - We are sorry she dives so deep.

34. She advised Helen against going there.

Advise can be used in the following ways:

She advised me to consult that book She advised me not to tell lies. She advised me against telling lies. Other verbs such as decide and wam ̈can. also be used in these ways.

35. The ball is too slippery for me to hold it

right

C 10 and 22.

36. He stressed the topic of abortion.

Never try to put a preposition, e.g. to, after stress when it is used as in the above sen- tence. The same principle applies to emphasize and discuss which are followed directly by an object.

37. Would she mind my/me opening the

window?

Be very careful when you are using this pattern. Not all verbs used in this way permit the genitive (e.g. my, our, John's); among these verbs are catch, find, keep, leave, start, stop, have (= cause), and verbs of perception-feels, hear, notice, observe; see, smell, watch. Thus, although we can Write I saw him opening the cupboard, we can't write "I saw his opening the

cupboard.

HIS

On the other hand, there are some words for which the use of the genitive is op- tional (cannot) afford, enjoy, forget, (not) mind; regret, remember, risk, (cannot) stand, dislike, hate, like, love, prefer.

resent.

Some authors may insist that only using the genitive case is correct and using the common case is wrong. Only when the ing item constitutes the head of a noun phrase is the genitive obligatory: His/*him criticizing of Peter was impertinent but His/him criticizing Peter was impertinent. In view of the complexities involved and. the fact that most of you are not at home in grammar, it is advantageous to avoid these possibilities if you can help it - write It is a great disappointment that he is a beggar instead of His/?him being a beggar is a great disappointment.

38. Please let me know when you will be

leaving Hong Kong,

Don't put a question mark at the end.

39. It's time we announced for us to announce

the result of the election.

Don't write *It's time we announce/should announce, the past tense should be used.

40. For all her beauty, she is not popular with

her colleagues..

Don't write For all she is beautiful,

1981

中學會考試題預習專欄

新數品(+) 明德出版社魯榮家提供資料

MODERN MATHEMATICS (10)

#KUDO.

(MILL & DALE PRESS LTD.)

fest 4

Attempt ALL questions in

Section A and SIX in

Section B.

SectionĂ (40%)

༣ In figure 1, A3OD is a

parallelogram with area 7.2cm. H, K are the mid-points of AB and

G), find the ares of bie shaded region.

functi

fined

*(~): 2x+2

figure 1

f:R-R is

find the

value of 2~(5).

3. Find the equation of the straight line passing through the intersection of the lines x+3y-6-0 and 27-y+7=0 and containing the point (-1,2).

LAFB

5. As shown in figure 3,

the edges of the box are 4cm, 6cm and 8 cm, find the nigle of diagonal of tro box makes with the largest face.

figure 3

6. rind the values of the

real numbers x and y if 2x+(y-3)1=4+1 where i = -1.

Find the values of

and Gif

(4x+B) (x+2)=2x2+Cx-l

is an identity.

If xyz=1:2:5 and

2+322=336m find +2

2

x, y and z.

Section B (602)

9. Plot the graph of

-2x+1 (-5<x<5), and

solve graphically

(1)

~8=0

(11) x2-x-6-0 (111) 2x

19, (a) If S1(n) denotes

the sun of fire:

A terms of the

progression.

3, 5, 7.

express S, (n) in terme of n.

find

(1)

the height

she cone from

which the frustum

is out.

(11) cher total surface

arez of the

frussum,

(iii) de volume of the

frustum.

Figure

2fx+2gy+6=0

Ach

represents a circle passing through (~1,1) 817 (-1,3). If the centre.

of the circle lies on

(a) find the values of

f, & and cu (b) Find ti e contre the circle;

(c) fīna tie radias

the circle,

16. John has 135 catties of

(b) If S, (n) denotes the

sun of first n beras

of the progression

express S2(n) in terms of

(c) Find the value of

if

1+3+5+7+

tếs à, 100 cattles or tea. B and 90 cattles of tea C. o mixtures X and I made by

ing

tea A, tea B and tea C in the ratios 7:5:3 and 3:55

13. In a certain college.

40% of students have

brown hair, 25% have blue eyes and 15, Leve

bott: Erwon hair and blue

eyes. A student is picked- at randour from the

to n teras

1+2+3+4+....to n terms. 11. The greatest slope of: hill of 40° to the

horizontal what will be

the slope of a path on the hill which makes an angle of 30° with a

line of greatest slope.

In figure 4, the circ7:

with centres A and

touch each other

externally at E, CD is

a common tangent to the circles.

(a) If AE-5units and

BE-3units,

express, (1) DE

(11) CE

college.

(1) I he has brown hair,

what is the

probability that be also has blue eyes? (ii) If he has blue eyes,

what is the probability that he

does not have brown.

hair?

(iii) what is the

Probability that he Las neither brown

heir her blue eyes? In fire 5, e frustum of a cone (formed by cutting a cone through a plane parallel to the hase) has radii 2 em and ca and the distance between the two end faces are 34cm

apart, respectively, The

A fatty and that

of mixture X is

of mixture Y is $12 per catty:

(1) How many catty each

mixture should be

made to give maximum profit?

(11) What is the profit?