1980-11-08 — Page 23

華僑日報 All

*育敏僑華頁三第張六第日一初月十年申庚王

(b+d}(a+c)

bd

(c+a)b/2

A

初中成績評核預習

B.

.:

D.

(d+b)a/2

雄風出版社

E.

(d+b)c/2

Mathematics ?

a number is multiply.

by 2 and then add 5, the

result is 27. What is

the number?

A

1:1

B

16

C

42)

D44

E. 64

2.The side of a square is

4x-3. What is the erea

of the square?

A 4X--

B. ́ 16x2 + 9

16X2

-4X +

16x2 -12X

- 16x= -24X

3.The lengthsof a rectangle

are a and 2b. The perimeter

of the rectangle 1s

A. a + 2b

B.2ab

£. 2a + 46.

D2a + 2b

4(a + b)

4.The area of the figure

1981

中學會考試題預習專欄 經濟及公共事務(五)

明德出版社盂臂光提供資料

·陳勵德

ECONOMICS & PUBLIC AT AFFAIRS (5):

Kak Wong & L.T.Chan

MILL & DALE PRESS LTD.

Factors of production

Factors of production Since production is defined as any activity directed to satisfy human wants by manufacturing: goods and services with

the assistance of available resources, the producers require a number of

inputs in production. For example, for growing crops, cultivated land, irrigation machinery and workers are needed.

The factor inputs involved

the production process are termed factors of production in economics, They include all the Productive resources in human economy.

Therefore, factors of production can be defined resources available to produce goods and services -in order to satisfy human's

wants.

There are four factors

of production, namely, land, capital, labour and

entrepreneur. Land and

capital are called the

non-human factors where.

fabour and the entrepreneur

are called human factors.

The

production units (the

individual enterprisings

5.The area of the figure

h

af+bh+cd

(a+b+c)(d+f)

C.

(a+b+c)h

D

(a+b+c)h/2

E.

(a+b+b+c)h/2

六期星

5079 - 32

9(c+32)/5

1

日八月一十年〇八九一层公年九十六國民中

a(1-b)/100

a(100-b)/100

WAH KIU YAT PO

報日僑

(radius.

D. 5(C + 32)/9 E.

13.Solve x for

A. ay/b

B.

-ay/b:

B.

C.

a/(a+b)

CL

D.

(a-b)/a

E

D. 3πr2/2 315218

EX

a/b + y

14. Solve u for

2a8

9.If 1/f = 1/u +

then u

A•

(v~f)/(fv)

B.

* Zas

B.

(fv)/(v-1)

C

V Zas

C. fav

D.

Y➡ 86

D. E.

(f-v)/(fv)

E.

none of the above

15. Express a in term of b

+

A

4b/3 - 1

B.

4b/3+1

G.

(4b + 1)/3

D._y(a+b) - 1-

D.

(46-1)/3

E. 4b/3

6.Which of the following

equals to 180 2.

A

c+a+b

B. c-a+b

Co

c+a-b

D.

c-a-b

E-c+a+b

7.The perimeter of the figure

a+2b+2c-20-8

2a+2b+2d

a+b+c+d+e

Da

a+b+c-d-e

E.

a-2c+b=d+e

8.The area of the figure

are firms) could make full

use of the factors of

production by combining them

in the more appropriate way so as to achieve the greatest output and maximize the profit,

1. Land: Land refers not only

to the site where

production activities can be carried out, but also the natural resources amde a available from the nature. Therefore land includes agricultural land industrial site, mineral resources, forests, mountains, seas, grasslands and climate, Land is often regarded as a free gift of nature because it is provided for everyone in the society. Furthermore, land is also limited. in supply.

Capital: Capital refers to

those man-made resources or capital goods which are employed in every stage of production. Usually, the capital goods are not needed. directly for immediate

consumption and they are used for further stages of production to make

ha

consumera.

3. Labour: Labour refers to

all actual efforts mental and physical, skilled and

unskilled, applied to the production of goods and services and for which

payment to labour is called wages,

Because labour is a human factor in

(Iv)/(f-v)

10.If y = ax + bx

then x =

B.

(y+1)/(a+b) (y-1)/(a+b)

C. y/(a+b) - 1

E. (a+b)/(y-1)

11.Change the subject to

x +

Ay/(y+1). B. (y-1)/y C._{y+1)/y = Da÷(y-1)/Cy+1} E. =(y+1}/{y−1)

12.Change subjec

C = 3(F - 32)

50/9 + 32

B. 90/5 + 32

production, the provision of labour depends upon population, mobility of labour and the social and

psychologrcal aspects of the workers.

4. Entrepreneur: Entrepreneur

is a human factor separated from labour. Entrepreneurship refers to the organization ability and managerial skills in production. It is because the entrepreneur have to combine and fully utilize the other three factors of production in business decision making. In other words, the entrepreneur may be the industrialists or the managers in the production unit. He or she has to make vital decisions of policy. regarding the method of production to be employed and the quality of the output. In addition to receiving residual profit, the entrepreneur bears the risk of production because the firm may have the chance to suffer loss.

II. The law of diminishing

ng that the

dien plascommodity

Two factors of duction, land and labour, If successive units of a variable factor (one whose amount can vary) are added to a given quantity of a fixed factor (one whose amount cannot be altered), the addition of more and more units of the variable factor will in the end lead to a decline in the additional output resulting from the addition of an extra unit of

16.Express h in term of other

A = 3nr{r +

A.

A/(3nr)

B. •

A/(3nr) + r

C.

A/(3nr),

D.

(A - 3nr2)/(3ur)

E.

none of the above

17.The marked price of a

book is $a. It is sold at a discount b. What is the selling price ?

(1)

the variable factors.

For example, in the production of wheat we are using various alternative quantities of labour per unit of time to farm a fixed amount of land and recording the resulting alternative outputs of wheat per unit of time,

The average product of labour (AP) is then defined as total product (TP) divided by the number of units of labour used. The marginal product of labour (MP) is given by the change in TP per unit change in the quantity of labour used. In the table below, land is measured in acres labour in man-years and total product (TP) in bushels.

(2)

ས་

(3) Land Labour TP APL

TRAR MPL

15

(5)

MPL

0

8

12

4.

1:5

3 3/4

3..

17

3.2/5

2

17.2 5/6

16 2:2/7 131.5/8

-3

TP

10

of land)

According to the diagram, the MP rises at first, reaches a maximum (before the APL reaches its maximum) and then declines. The MPL becomes

a(1-b)/100

a(1-b)

ab

18.Find the time in which

B.

Sp will give $1 interest

at r simple interest.

pir/100/

100x 1 / (pr).

100% ir/p

irp x 100

100

19.The

of a book is

SA. If it is increased.

to BB, then what is the percentage increased ?

A. (B - A)x100%

B. (BA)/A x 100%

C. (AB)/A X 100%

D. (BA)/B x 100% E. (AB)/B x 100%

20.Which of the following.

A.

B.

has no solution for x ?

X = X

x + 3 = * +-

x + 3 =

= 3x

Answers

11. E

12. B

13. A

14. B

15. D

16. D

17. B

8. D 9. B

18. B

19. B

10. B

20. C

zero when the TP is maximum and negative when the TP begins to decline. The following position of the MP asure illustrate the law of diminishing returns.

The law of diminishing returns states that if one factor of production is increased by small, constant amounts, all other factor quantities being held constant, then after some point the resulting increases in anoutput become smaller and smaller.

This law is propounded only on the assumption that the state of technology is given and that no new production methods are introduced during any peiod in which the law applies.

III. The application of the law of

diminishing returns.

1. Land is subject to the law ofdiminishing returns.

Land is a factor which particularly suffered from the law of diminishing returns. If the certain quantity of the factor land is given, with the land the entrepreneur combines increasing quantity of land or capital. It is found that sooner or later the addition of further quantities of labour and capital would result in diminishing returns. As a result, the output per unit of the additional factors would be decreasing.

2. Other factors of productions

are also subject to the law of diminishing returns.

Today, the theory of diminishing returns retricts not only land in production; y but also the other productive factors such as labour, capital and entrepreneur. Because of the increasing scale of production, the loss in production would be more possible.

報日僑華閱訂期長請

不隨禮柯多新彩無報請遠 另報拜式采穎色任販就道 收附出印多雜華 歡訂近閱

費送版刷姿誌僑迎向戶 訂閱電話:5-229081内線3號

采多姿

經包專新歷 僑濟羅刋聞史 稱報萬豐翔悠 許導有富實久

Comments

Approved members can add comments, bookmarks, and private notes.

No comments yet.

Private Research Note

Private notes are available after approval.