柴灣鼓勵工業靑年
HUBLO
-期星
職在
年青
用善
日七廿月十年〇八九一膳公年九十六國民華中育教人工
I
一只取章程及報閂表格。如有任何查詢事宜,请電五——五七三七大八窟。(行) 【感受。名額有限,有意者的連往柴灣薏二百卅貌,社會福利署柴灣肚中心二樓四 【活動,如坐遊戲及分組比賽,交法明,蘇匯彼此興趣,分享大家在工作或日常生活中的經酸及 而安排之活動,如康樂性的旅行、燒烤、露營等;學術性的有專題講座、研討會及辯論會锋 [迆一步鋐◎組織蜊活起來,發抑傘體的力量,推進社區發展的工作,爲做的工友與居民都我免大的 一本身奇脂及可長‧在工餘時-去用閒暇,參與爲青年工友而策劃之團體活動,以認識更多新工友、 一類型的大小吃案,亦极品在此能坏。為布強正內青年工友對此區之離憂感,並費勵他們盡量發揮其 日》上午九字母分至下午三時,地點在香濊仔郊野公開,費用每位十二元。希望通過此首次的康樂
,並會觚利署柴灣社區服務中心,秋冬之問事辦多項工友活动,我和工友參加。 鋸和。爲此,就會福利署榮譽社區中心社區工作部,特別在秋季及冬裙,主斯多国篇俄內青年工友一
·首页诘爲金匭送爽青年工友「巴褲」(即虷火燒烤會),時尚爲八〇年十月北大日(星期
NAZOHUKESES VEUEULORES-SVERZ<URELIENS LES
服務社區發揮潛能 參加羣體活動對社區有歸屬感 秋冬間有不少節目為青工而設
觀塘循道中心鼓勵
學習技能服務社會
暇餘®
| 太空館。
「地民歌、壓腦筋,梁,服務中 | 小稙八每週一次),各一座,以助費工投身於
燒烤旅行,十二月參髅嫂以上程度,有心少年】 ,十一月十二日電影晚一年人正確人格。於工資 亩,十一月廿三日家庭一格十五歲以上,其中一 十一月中開始興 进一旬舉行少年心瘘及編導一
十分化五日放風活動、小組等,培安少 工作者。赫於十一月下
事勝以下活動 |作部在十月至十二月份, 工服務對象為八至十四
·齒區內少年人,
報日僑單
頁四第張六第
日九十月九年申庚夏
,爲鼓勵在亞青年工友 (五)威初
另該中心之「少女】
有... [年辍名$加。新泐包括 調破小組,歡迎感內靑,晚間上槃。 開辦一連榮靈及按 以上百項研帆均在
改:·魏中心的商工之服務工作,現招募新
少女温室 社會工作. 部門
SELE 爲「渴岔」工廠社會工作
(VERSE-
| 星湖六,延欄十二
技龍C 東頭明愛小組
高舗 (
一成四,延期三個月 晚間上課 —逛是狐,
有益身心活動
+SI-HEN -
地宮大族山街理团。.
「内容包括:毛衣勒織。
A妞行十三月七日
{ROPKE-AW - IF
· *** <OBNKK
*****
內
內工友·生於工餘,除之時獲得有益身心活 素顯明業中心小組及社區工作服務,爲使區
歡迎區內工友參加
,八至十二人一組
(11)絲帶花級上│他,特於十一月三日舉辦羽毛球訓練班,逢星期一點毆出掌汩球。
「在瓦湖二,平均爲二個 |一晚八時至九玲中上要。
如有任何路,
〔1) 土風舞蒩—,亦於十一月四日興大日相彤發開壽間由晚上八
逢星期一,班類含7個「時至九時半,以上各項均由马卖人士任教,營運三四四五,或裁》
,並爲愛好族影之人士而酸之撥影初 - 在班等 在毎日下午二時至晚上 十時,致镫K——四}}}
區內青少年與女參加。報名及查闊;東明明愛小
DEH-HERE L-21101kK (D)
(四)西塹氣l渼 俎及砒茲工作服務:東頭村二十座地下或致三— 臨牛類角過11五一號百人
WAH KIU YAT PO
你
作鵝
我
勞工處介紹職業
(按址往勞工處登記) 勞工處本港就葉輔導組,爲求被者站共免费
油漆師傅
--- AFOR
SK DEBOORSEL ·
電齧機械修理員
WOOR
BR
一類職位人士,謂於辦公時間內,共同本人身份證
除上述堊缺木・観商有其他空有
黃竹坑。男性,年四十左右,具有關經險,
,而該就近事
祖任何一辦事處鏹絡!其地址及維話如下: (一)香港金鐘道九十九樂禮大隰地下, POUYK:
(11) 香港北角磁器;二百太十四號華凱大溪地
、相片、學說及濃長之石主,亦歡迎與茲,
一之潑彩介紹服務,說有部份急聘空缺如下:有其他:五一七一一三五」,
中區。奚女均可,中五‧LCC中段交還,
AE) 香淛柴灣漁網邨游安壤二十九至三十就地
(1)MEKCREERKERK
1490101
一打字,兩年經驗,月薪一KCC至一九OO元或“(五)九戲廣東菜三百九十三眺政府合署五樓
THE·
某話:三十六九五五二五
臨時榇習生:
一月十五日,日薪六十元。
·中班。勇性,中學程度,由十一月十日至十
〔七、九龍深水坡元州街酇政局大厦二樓 * 大腿 黄花殴街一百九十五號地下, 、耀话:三——九大一台 POONRI
睇樓助理員
灣仔。女性,有少許經驗,月號-CCR
(八) 九顆紅磡船阖街一百二十五號地下: 電話:三:大五在iC
(九)九宫垴同仁街政府分盏三樓··
秘
|古架会 - 月薪一五○OM3 七COR。 中區。女性,中五際度,打字,鄭記,具秧 (十)九龍新清崗景福街七號庭客戲院大厦地下 KELIT --
《十一 新界荃濠大河渡六十七至大十九號地下一
行政秘書
北角。女性 - 中學會考及格,秘好课程、有、十二》新界屯門德政圍三十一號地下
一綱8,月薪「五〇〇元。
HEKURHOO
機械技工
(十三)新界大艙屬混监五十二號地下
愛竹坑。男性,具兩年有解經檢,工業學校
1981
中學會考試題預習專欄
英 文
(2)
立基出版社剟浩濂提供資料
ENGLISH [4].
Stephen Lau (Foundation Press)
Dear Students,
Today, let's have a look at the question on precis writing in Paper 11.
First of all, you must know, the ABC of precis writing: A for Accuracy, B for Brevity, and C for Clarity. But before we go into details with these, we'd better consider how to write a precis, As you will notice in the following pro- cedures, many of them are similar to those listed in last week's outline for comprehension. It is pretty obvious because precis writing involves not only your power of expression but alsó your power of comprehension - so please don't neglect the latter factor.
HOW TO WRITE A PRECIS
(1) Read the given passage carefully. Try
to grasp the theme of i
(2) Read the question carefully and make sure you really understand, it Partial understanding can be hazard- eous or even disastrous..
(3) Re-read the passage, this time under- lining all the important relevant words.
or
sentences..
(4) Jot down relevant points on a rough work sheet. Use your own language as far as possible, at this stage.
(5) Make sure that all the points have been included, that they are really relevant to the question, and that - nothing superfluous has been added
in
(6) Start writing a rough copy basing on the points you have listed. Coherence is important.
(7) Count the words in your rough copy.
Make necessary deletions and rephra sings if your rough copy has a longer length than is required.
(8) Put down your final version on the answer sheet or answer book. Re- member to write clearly and tidily, and to check your work.
Apart from the directions given above, have also included the answers to some your prospective problems.
PROBLEM ORIENTED HINTS'
(1). Is copying strictly forbidden and or
heavily penalised? ·
Of course it is, if you copy indiscrimi- nately or foolishly. Indeed, intelli- gent copying is something which is really intelligent: you won't lose many marks in accuracy (because you copy and one won't expect the passage to be wrong grammatically) on the one hand, and you'll usually express adequately the points (be- cause few would express the author's own idea better than his own words) "on the other
(2) Then what is intelligent copying?
Well, there are no hard and fast criteria. But deleting certain parts of a sentence in the passage and putting down the rest of the sentence, be it a phrase or a clause, on its own on the answer sheet is certainly. far from being intelligent. Intelligent copying involves, besides all the ingredients of" a good, precis, proper choice of ma- terial from the given passage and link- ing them tactfully. Putting it simply, it is not the art of deletion; it is the art of remodelling. Managem
(3) What are the ABC of precis writing?
Why are they important? ...
A Accuracy, B-Brevity, C-Clarity.
These three are all markworthy. If you are not accurate and clear, you are sure to lose marks in accuracy and content. And if you are not brief, the excess stuff will receive no mark and it will also affect your presenta- tion and content.
(4) Could I add in my own comments or
personal opinion? ⠀⠀
Never. And you are not supposed to. Your task is to interpret faithfully and not to evaluate personally the given passage. Remember it's a precis question, not a literature question.
(5) What should Fomit?
Figurative language, descriptions, illustrations and examples. Their function is merely to support the central idea, so it is very uneconomi- cal to use them in precis. Besides, no extra credit will be given for the inclusion of them,
After we've discussed how to write a precis and some hints, it's time we turned to a very important technique in writing precis: ways. of achieving brevity.
(1) Replace clauses by phrases and phrases by
words.
With reference to can be replaced by about in the course of can be changed to during here are but two examples.
Consider the following examples carefully...... (a) The two women were on terms of the most friendly and intimate character, but they were not interested in the same things, and the occupations, in which each of them was engaged were of a very different nature, (38 words) This could conveniently be rewritten. as followsing
The two women were intimate friends but their interests and occupations were different.
(13 words)
(b) Misers are generally characterized as men without honour or -- without humanity, who live only to accumulate, and to this passion sacrifice every other happiness.
(24 words)
This could be rephrased to: Misers are generally considered dis honourable and inhuman, living only to amass
mass riches. (12 words)
(e) It is not fair or just in the interest of
the consuming public that any com- mercial concern should acquire the sole power of trading in some particular. article to the exclusion of its rivals. (34 words))
The number of words used could be reduced to half by writing
It is unfair or unjust to the consumers that any commercial concern should monopolize a particular trade, [17 words)
(2) Omit examples, Comparisons, contrasts,
digressions, and mere details.
Here are some sentences or paragraphs to exemplify this point:
(a) The saying. "A rolling stone gathers no
moss," has not got anything that de serves people's denial. A man under- taking a new business venture has to study the market, establish contacts, and master the other subtleties of the job. All this cannot be accomplished in a day, if despair leads him to abandon this undertaking and launch a fresh one, it will result in enormous wastage of time and resources. Now if he does the very same thing in his fresh venture, he will keep fidgeting from job to job witherit making any mark in life. Success will ever evade him,
This wordy paragraph means little more than that the saying, "A rolling stone gathers to moss, is true (in life/in, the business world). From the second sentence onwards, it only gives an example of one who changes, his attention ever so often to illustrate the truth of the saying.
(b) The two buildings of this school are located at a distance of half a mile from each other. A number of students keep rushing between the two buildings. The street connecting them is as full. of students as a busy shopping mall is
full of customers,
The last sentence contains a comparison
which could safely be omitted.
(c) A schoolboy may day dream of plates
piled high with food, a young dancer- of applauding crowds, a businessman of government contracts. Bill's day- dreams were, however, different. He thought only of gloves M
Here the writer simply wanted to say that Bill was always thinking of gloves. The rest of the things mentioned serves. only to bring out the contrast between Bill's day-dreams and other school- boys".
(d) My mother brought home a beautiful jar. On it was carved a nightingale. I have always been fascinated by the song of a nightingale eikiIS SO SWEEL Unfortunately the maid dropped the far the very next morning and it was shattered to pieces.
Here the subject of the paragraph is the
I have always so sweet is a mere digression.
Boxing, though quite popular in our- time, can hardly be called a sport. The sight of two men punching each other like hell ought to be repulsive rather than pleasurable. So much pain is in- flicted, so many facial distortions are reflected and so much blood flows freely down the face. The very thought of these sends shivers down one's spine. It can at best he called unabashed but legalised exhibition of some sadistic barbarism inhumanpersonality, Here, the sight and its accompanying elaboration are mere details which can be omitted?
(3) Avoid unnecessary repetitions.
Again, let's consider some examples: (a) It was decided to allow only our own college students to participate in the seminar and not to invite any external participants.
(22 words) Here and not to invite any external participants is unnecessary repetition, and the sentence can be rewritten briefly as:
Participation in the seminar is limited to our students only, (10 words) Note here that the word only has al- ready excluded other possibilities. ``(c.ƒ. example (b) in (1)}______
(b) Depriving her of this month's salary is to make her go hungry, make her go without food and drink.
Here make her go without food and drink is a mere repetition: it means nothing more than to go hungry.
IMPORTANT: Please note very carefully that the suggested ways of abridging sentences or paragraphs and their corresponding illustrating examples are in no way meant to be absolute, and should never be taken as such. You are urged to consider the question and the word limit in each case before you jump to it.
We now go on to see how the theories given above can be put into practice. I am giving you one sample precis today. Please note how the points are extracted from the passage, and how they are connected into a coherent precis.
Explain in not more than 70 words why love should give way to tolerance in preserving peace and harmony. [D
Most people when asked what spiritual quality is needed to rebuild civilization, will reply love. Men must love one another, they say nations must do likewise
y
Respectfully, but ferly, I disagree, Love is a great force in private life, but love in public affairs does not work. It has been tried again and again, and it has always failed. The idea that nations should love one another, or that marketing boards should love one another, or that a man in Iran should love a man in Iraq or whom he has never heard is absurd; unreal, dangerous. It leads us into perilous and vague sentimentalism. Love is what is needed, we chant, and then sit back and the world goes on as before.The fact is that we can only love
what we know personally. 19 And we cannot- know many. In public affairs, in the rebuild- ing of civilization, something much less dramatic and emotional is needed, namely, tolerance.
Tolerance is a very dull virtue. ''It
L'erely
means putting up with people, being able to stand things. No one has written an ode to tolerance, or raised a statue to her. Yet this is the quality which is most needed. This is the "sound state of mind which we are looking for.
This is the only force which will enable different races and classes and interests to settle down together peacefully and harmoniously.
NOTES
(a) The question asks for the reasons why love should give way to tolerance in preserving peace and harmony, ie, the reasons why tolerance is "better" than love in preserving peace and harmony. So the first four sen- tences are irrelevant: what people say and what the author believes do not concem us here, so long as these sentences are asser-. tions rather than reasons.
(b) The first reason occurs in sentence 4, namely, love is effective in private life and not in national or international affairs. (c) Sentence 5 is again irrelevant. (d) Senterice 6 gives three examples to sub- stantiate one idea: strangers of different nations cannot be expected to love one another.
Sentence 7 further supports the proceding sentence,
Sentence 8 is mere detail and hence ignored. Sentence 9 expresses the same idea in senterice 6 in another way, and sentence 10 gives another reason we know only a few people and we can love only then and not others whom we don't know personally. (e) Sentence 11 brings out tolerance. (f) Sentences 12 - 17 tell us that although tolerance is usually neglected because of its dull nature, it is nevertheless important in preserving peace and harmony. Note that sentences 15 17 are a little re dundant, very emphatic as they are.
(g) I myself do not agree with all the arguments in favour of tolerance brought out in the passage. I do not, however, add in my opinion because my task is to make a precis, -not an evaluation.
So we now have the following relevant points. extracted from the passage.
POINTS
(1) love is only effective in private life
(2) it doesn't work in national and interna-
tional affairs
(3) strangers of different nations can't be
expected to love one another
(4) mere sentimentalism
(5) one can love only the few one knows per-
sonally
(6) tolerance is a virtue that is needed (7) but not appreciated.
We now come to the most important step: writing the final version. (I have not attempted to give you the rough copy because it would not be useful for you to study the rough copy You are, however, advised to write your own.) Note how different points can be incorporated into a single sentence by the use of conjunctions and the like.
PRECIS
Love may be a great motivating force in private sphere, but in national and international affairs, it
, it is tolerance not love that is of supreme. importance. We love only the few we personally know and it would be vain sentimentalism to expect strangers of different nations to love one another. Tolerance may be a passive; unimposing and hence hardly appreciated virtue, but it can enable nations to enjoy peaceful co-existence. (70 words)
·KEY TO LAST WEEK'S QUESTIONS
Note: It is obvious that no one answer is absolute, with no place for alternatives. And thus I've accordingly added in alternative an- swers whenever appropriate.
PASSAGE 1 1.0
Extra
work
done
(1) Morning work usually well done (i) Fresh mind
Few-distractions
(iv)
Able to do morning exercise (vi) Long rest in the evening (vii) Refreshing sleep at night (viii) Rising refreshed the next day.
2. (a) (i) conducive
(ii) afford (iii) plain
(iv) in spite of
(b) (i) the early riser with a store of energy that will last the whole day/until the evening.
(ii) the labours/chozes/work of a new
day
(i) their waking hours
(ii) well into the night OR the small/
late hours.
(d) By rising early, he has ample time to deal with each one of the jobs assigned to him.
(e) Late risers miss the best working hours
of the day.
PASSAGE 2
1. (1) language (spoken language is half correct)
(i) of law and ethics
(u) of etiquette and art
(iv) of weights, measures and numbers (v) of rol
2. (a) (1) causes it to be united, etc.
- (ii) is far less easily seen or understood.
() get our identity from these fixed
conventions
(b) (1) delineation,
(ii) arbitrary, (iii) agreed
(c) implied but not expressed openly (d) They indicate both objects and events.
so that one thinks in Chinese can easily see that the world is made up of a num ber of processes and not entities. ~ (e)
PASSAGE 3
1: (1)
will be somewhat embarrassing
do not know to what rules of con- versation and action should be adhered.
having few responsibilities
(i) being fed
(iii) being looked after
(iv) being loved
·(v).
new things which life presents
(vi) playing in the rain
(vii) playing in the snow
(viii) visiting the seaside
(ix) parents needing nothing in return*****
2. (a) (1) begins to gain his livelihood by
working MERE
(ii) is compelled to take up obligations.. (it) does not get involved in things that may bring unhappiness, or punish-
ment
(b) (1) appeal,
(i) whatever, (ii) pains
(c) He is not very free to choose what to do, is continually being told the do's and don'ts, and is penalised for his wrong- doing,
He has to pay for his food, clothes and TOOM.
(c) (i) hardworking, well befiaved, and
healthy (or similar ones) (ii) steady progress in his work (ii) consolidation of his position in
society.
(f) Wisdom and the ability to help others
with sagacious suggestion.
(g) his ability to sit back and relax after he
has come through the battle of life safe ly, and letting others go on with the fight.
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