1980-03-21 — Page 23

育教僑辭 莫三第張六第 日五初月二年申庚腦

1980

中學會考試題預習專欄

(廿三)

歷史

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14

History (23)

PhTip Y 1. Woo

MiFI & Dale Press Ltd

If you remember that the

first unit of the history syllabus on Europe is the background to the First World War" you'll understand that wliebever there is a questiou on the period 1870-1914. (which exactly is "the (brokground"), it must be

sked in such a way as to have Binks with the causes of the First World War. This happened repeatedly in previous years. The Alliance System and its contributions to the outbreak of the First World War (which

an what ways did the Aliance System lead up to the First World War?"), Pimperialism and its contribu-

ids to the First World War, ULE these topics have been tried. Thus I outlined a Bidar question below in point-form, so that you are ead to study it. Of course ouslave to bear in mind the portance of developing the Hontszinto paragraphs. Only Mbing so are you writing an essay.

Ka&tarian and

The First World War

*

ilitarism

1. Meanings –

a. spread of militaristic

spirit in government -

and society.

b. active military.

preparedness at home,

e.g. weapons, soldiers.

c. foreign policy of

military adventure.

d. the civil governæent -- greatly influenced by military men, kome- times even run by them.

2. Contents –

4

a. adoption of universal

conscription by all major povers except Britain, by which all adult male citizens had to serve in the armed forces for a period of time,

become members of the reserved forces in timen of peace, and re-join the armed forces in case of war. b. rivalry in the buildup of armaments by the powers, especially Britain and Germany, for the sake of national security. e.g. the famous Krupp armament production enterprise in Germany; the increasing amount of money spent on armaments by the povers; the race between Britain and Germany in naval expansion, especially in the construction of the Dreadnoughts (huge battleships)

after 1904.

c. mood of warmindedness

among European

commonera and

stateamen ulike: i. in society, an

atmosphere of militant nationalism and militaristic

adventure became obvious. Instead leof seeking a

Apeaceful settlement

at all cose, Europeans were

inclined towards using war as a way of solving potional

puten.

#i

ii. in government,

because of the neod needs of national security which made military men heroes, the power of these military men increased greatly.

WAH KIU YAT PO

3. Ways how militarism

contributed to alte First World War -

a. military preparedness

by the powers poisoned

their relations in the long run.

b. suspicion, mutual

fear, jealousy and

distruct grew between the powers,

c. because of the

militaristie spirit that prevailed, the powers were more willing to gamble in war rather than to seek a peaceful settlement of any crisis at all cost. d. in June-July 1914,

militarists (generals etc.) had great pressure on their governments in making war:

i, after the Sarajevo assassination, the Austrian militarists were in favour of teaching Serbia a lesson and actively worked to convince the Austrian Emperor of sending Serbia an ultimatum. ii. the Russian

militarists advised the Tear (Nicholas II) to carry out total instead of partial military

mobilization against Austria and Germany. iii. the German

militarists, such as General Moltke, promised Austria support without the

Kaiser's knowledge.

They wanted a wor

against Russia and

郭日僑

TRENUTNOF empire (the

Tderbot) pan-Germanism). Rass Breamt of

ghi thig all fellow

Slavg in the Balkans under her leadership

the iden of

: pamestuvium), Nationaliam contributions

tol patroutbreak of this page wifrld War

H

. the pressure of

unalist agitation and disentent forced govruments to take strou measures of faremolicy for fear of losing face in national conflicts, The likelihood of war was increased,

h, intense nationalism

increased the chance of conflict between natious, which fought for political, ecmbuis

C.

or strategic filferesta. there were

dispites in The Balkans. First, there was the internal anti-Turkiaù movements among the states there,. Second, the great powers often intervened to make the situation even more unstable,

3

d. in an attempt to divert

home discontent and attention to inter- national affairs, the great powers might adopt an aggressive foreign polfey (*.g. Austria tried to

quieten nationalist

agitation in the Empire

by seeking adventures

in the Balkans).

經濟 (廿三)

*

提供資料 -陳勵德

France. When

Germany attacked

France and declared

明德出版社

war on Russia,

the

First World War

VH800.

Nationalian and the First World War 1. Meaning

in the early ha}f A. of the 19th century, nati naliam meant the advocacy: for national unity among a racial group of commo H origin. Towards the. second half of the 19th century, however, with the rise of uni fä ed nations, nationalism meant patriotism or; love of fatherland.

2. Nationalism leading to national grievances' as sources of friction in 1871-1914.

A.

resentment between Frauce and Germany over the problem of Alsace-lorraine (region ceded to Germany - By Prance in 1871).

h. conflict and rivalry

between Austria end Italy over the cities of Trieste and Piume (despite the successful Italian unification, these provinces were still in Austrian hands).

c. nationalists in Poland

desired the reconstruc- tion of a new Poland (Poland was partitioned between three great powers in the 18th century),

d. suppressed national

groups in the Austro- Hungarian Empire fought for national independence *.g. the two Serbia provinces of Bosnia-Herzegovina desired a union with Serbia (the provinces were put under Austrian control in 1878 and formally annexed by Austria in 1908).

e. states in the Balkans

waited for a chance to revolt against the corrupt Türkish Empire. However, the great powers also had interests in the areas. Por example, Germany dreamt of a union of all Geimaús in the Balkány

Economine (s).

* ד

Work & T. Chan Milk & Dalé Přèss Ltd Whh to Work The possible economic,quenced if (1) The smoke taxin

IMENTO fere të be

raimuki 45:

Hong Kong Here to imposazu buriff on all importa?

the Hong Kong lövernmentswn to raise the sallas tx the

ềnh umi diconséquences could The aurmarized as follow:

The incomes of all households would decrease owing to the higher tax payments. As a result, the The disposable income in a

mill, be reduced,

to Power purchasing power of die family. This is especially true for the lower-income group in Hong. Kong. If 2% of salaries tax rate were to be raised; most of the “famils Vil be affected,

2. Since the decrease of

disposable income each family will lessen the consumption power, the aggregate demand for the commodities in the WA economy would di romae,, In this case, threal income of each hehehold - would have been Shiriïahed.

3. Consumers will to buy more necessity gönd rather than luxury good because their disposabl sincomer diminish when t increases.

4. General price 1906) in the economy may be affected.

五期差

日一廿月三年〇八九一番公年九十六佰具藥中

5. The rise of production cost will lead to the rise of

6. Workers of Tower-income

group may have to work more Bo na to offset their

losses due to increase of

salaries tax. Although they would work more. the

the prices of domestic

products. In this case, the general price level of local product will be bid up.

productive efficiency would. 6, As prices of miported

not be improved because

their work incentives would have been discouraged.

7. The ability of savings in whole economy would be reduced because of higher taxation. As the real income of the household decreuses, a family will save up less money than before. In the economy,

fixed deposita would diminish and its decrease will be more than the

decrease of demand

deposits. Accordingly,

the creation of bank credit would be hindered owing to reduction of savings.

8. The amount of investment

in a family would decrease, leading to the reduction of aggregate investment level of the whole economy. Consequently, capital accummulation may be impeded.

9. The distribution of income

in the society would be more even because those bigher- income group would have to pay greater amount of tax than before, On the other hand, the increase of taxation will lead to greater government revenue, This amount of money can be apent on various social services and it will benefit the society and redistribute income.

If the Hong Kong

Government were to impose

tariff to all imports, the possible economic

consequences could be

summarized as follows:

1. As Hong Kong is lack of

raw anterials and natural resources, domestic production depend largely Sön imported ray materials and resources, Importers would certainly raise up the prices of those imported goods in order to offart the losses in tariffs. As a result, the cost of production will be raised in local manufacturing industries.

2. The increase of production

cost will affect the productivity and the overall output level. Hong Kong has long been export-oriented and it is likely that Hong Kong ÅK going to diversify the foreign marketé by the way of exporting products of Fight'industries and heavy industries. The imposition of tariff will hinder local industrial diversification and the discouragement of local exports will affect the economy of Hong Kong. 3. Although Hong Kong is now

suffering from world protectioniam especially from the restriction of taxtiles exports by European Economic Community, the development of local economy still mainly depends, on foreign trade. If the foreign trading companions take revenge on Hong Kong, more tariff would be imposed to Hong Kong. exporte. This will put Hong Kong into ja disaðvon- toge position when compared with other trading competitors. The imposition of tariff will encourage the excercising force of protectionists,

It may decrease or start to decrease through the working4, of market mechanism in local laissez-faire econény.

5. The working/

incentives of labour would be discourage as their earnings are closely related to their taxes. Workers may decline tn work hard or to work

averturns leisure becomes

to them.

mare ve

Because of the rise of production cost, an overall riers in rent wages and other cust of production will be caused. It is not cany for those small labour intensive industrial units to operate. They may shut down because they are unable bear the lossen. Meaushile unemployment problem would hüppen....

foreign goods increase, the prices of local goods and services will be stimulated. Consequently, and inflation problem will happen.

7. Local government revenue will increase in a short

run,

1980

中學會考試題預習專欄

附加數

(廿三)

明德出版社㟖僕提供資料

Additional Mathematics (25)

C. Y. Shum

Mill & Dale Press Ltd

Exercise 12: Paper I

Section B

1(a) Find the modulus and

argument of

2.

2

(cos20 + inin 20)3 (come isine)"

-

(b) If z • * • ly and ĩ is

its conjugate, find the locus which is given by IZ + 2(z + z) - 0

B

C

D

In the figure, AC is the bisector of BAD which is 36°. If

CD =2000 metres.

(1) Write down tan 36° and tan18°.

Hence prove that tan36' tani8" tan18"

(ii) Show that

tan36" - tan18"

tan18

(iii) Given that

sin18 - 15-1

·

NC 2000

·

00836°

using (i) and (ii), show that

RC -

2000(5-1) metres, 3(a) Find the equation of the circle which passes through the points A(4,0), B(0,3) and the origin.

(b) If the straight line

y-c-x is a tangent to the circle in (a), find the values of the constant c.

The given diagram is the curve, C:

2

y = 4 - 3x − xˆ (a) Find the ares

enclosed by the curve' and the x-axia.

(b) Ir tangents are drawn

to the curve at A and B, find the area enclosed by these tangents and the curve,

5(a) Prove that if the sum of the squares of the roots of the equation

+ qx + r = 0 is 1,

2

рх

2

then q

-

ภู

2pr+p2.

(b) Given that x* -qx +5 × 0. If the difference between the roots is 4, find the values of q.