1979-11-30 — Page 32

翼四第張八第日一十月十年未己番里

1980

WAH KIU YAT PO

responsible for supporting it as far as possible in order that national

中學會考試題預習專欄

經濟及公共事務

Economic and Public Affairs(8)

K. K. Wong & L. T. Chan

(Mill & Dale Press Ltd.)

Honey and banking

Central banks and commercial

their functions and banks –

facilities

The functions of a central bank

A central bank 19 a bank of government, It is set up by the government and is not profit-making. The implementation of policies in a central bank. is directly controlled by

Usually, a government,

central bank is the nation- alized institution which work with the government

to carry out the monetary policy and to promote the economic development of the country, Its functions can he summarized as follows:

to issue legal tender

Currencies, including banknotes and coins, are issued by the central bank under the supervision of government. Since the

circulating anout of currencies can influence the purchasing power of the economy, government is responsible for adjusting the amount of legal tender issued by the central. bank se

In a complex monetary economy, money serves as

to being a

a dynamic role in addition

• a medium of

Government may exchange. regulate the level of money and liquidity în the economy so as to achieve some desired policy objectives such as the control of inflation, the growth in the Gross National Produc1, and the improvement of balance of paynents..

to be the bank of ment

govern

Government revenue are usually stored in th central bank and the public expenditure and payments are done through them A central bank usually keeps the accounts of the government departments.

to he the advisor of goverument on financial and nonetary policies

The central bank acts as the advisor of government in all the matters about monetary and banking policies, The central bank may has a effective management team giving relevant information and suggestions to government so as to solve any economic problems und to help the economic development,

to keep the cash reserves of private banks

ሃያ ..

It is a law that all the private banking institutions must deposit a part of their cash- reserves in the central bank. Accordingly, the central bank centralizes the cash reserves protect the security and control the liquidity of the whole barking system.

Whenever there is necessary for the private banka to borrow some money, the central bank will back. them up by lending them cash funda. If there is an any financial crisis occurred in a private bank, the central bank is

economic stability can be maintained.

and

to be a bank of cantral clearance, settlement transfer

The central bank is the bankers bank. It provides the facilities of clearance of cheques. and the transfer of funds between banks. It is the place for the banks to clear their cheques received from their customers and drawn upon

In such a other banks. case, metual indebtedness between the member banks may

Can celled and the

anned to any banks would be calculated..

to supervise the operations of private banks

A central bank takes the responsibility to help

to carry out the

government to the banking laws and Lo watch and direct the work. done by private banks.

to carry out monetary policy

The central bank controls the note issue, accepts deposits from and makes loans to the commercial banks and money market in such a way that it handles the main tool of monetary policy in country. For instances, inflation can be tackled by the monetary authority through control of the quantity of money

In which is circulating. addition, government can change the reserve ratio of the private banks or change the discount rate and the rate of interest by adjusting the banking ordinances so as to achieve the goals of monetary policy

8. to keep gold reserves and foreign exchange reserves of the country A

In order to maintain the stability of the external value of the national currency system the central bank keeps the gold reserves and foreign exchange reserves to

under take the open market- operation by law of exchange control.

to offer facilities- tă- customers as a commercial bank does

The central bank. provides tire genera l' banking services to the customers such as acceptance of deposïts, loans and advances, remittance and other services;

II.The Functions and facili-

ties provided in commercial banks

A commercink bank is. a profit-making firm operated by private individuals... It is established for the purpose of seeking profits by way of offering various banking services. Banking laws and ordinances are set up to regulate the working targets of all commercial banks.

They

The commercial banks operate, branches and. directly deal with indivEdual customers. are operated under the supervision of government of central bank and play an-active economic role. The i) functions can be suumarized as follows;

to keep momey for customers

Commercial banks provide the services that saving deposits, fixed deposits and demand depusits are accepted. Different rates of interest are applied to various. deposits together with the

報日僑華

different ways of withdrawing money

五期星

to lend money to customers

Loans and advances are granted to Commerce and industry in order to earn the reward of interest on one hand, and promote the industial and commercial development on the other. The loans and advances include short-term and long-term loans, advances, overdrafts and discount.

bill of exchange, Govern- ment play the supervisory role to cover all deposit taking institutions,

to create bank credit

Bither a central.

bank or a commercial bank can bring about an increase of equal amount in bank deposits. In other words when a bank makes an advance to customers,

whether by overdraft or

loan account the result is an increase in total purchasing power,

For example, if

borrower has only a small balance to the credit of his account and he obtains an overdraft of $500. le can draw a cheque for this account and pay it to the creditor. If the creditor deposit it into his own account, the creditor's account will have increased by $500. In this case, the borrower's s account can only show a debit for this Account In the combined banks' balance sheet,

advances and deposits will |_ both have increased by

$500,

If there is any monetary discrepancy happened, the central bank should have the power to control the expansion of bank credit

offer the service of remittance-

Ilemittance means that the money is transferred from one place to another. Imagine that you want to sent HK$100 to your friend living in uni ted States,

you can

cau ask for the help of the Itemittance Department in any commercial bank.

First of all, the Outward Remittance Department would calculate how many US dollars your 100 HK dollars will buy on the foreign exchange market by referring to the day's exchange rate. If the rate is $5 for US$1, your huy US$20. UK$100 will Therefore the bank will

a bankdraft for give you US$20. Next, you

can use a mail transfer, That:

is to say, the bank sends on airmail instruction to its branch in United States to authorizes the branch to pay your friend the sum of the money. If it is very urgent for you to serid the amount of money, you can make use of the transfer although

be more expensive

legraph

to offer impont and export facilities?

Commercial banka offer a spècial service called documentary credit to help the promotion of business. It is the

e given by a bank gurantee that its customer will pay for a shipment of goods if the correct docudents are supplied as evidence that the shipment has heen made.

Furthermore, the credit life is the service

allow a provided

company to receive goods before paying for them,

provise other mis-

Auebun services to the

Tuch as cetenzivaluables for

öva džig business in-

日十三月一十年九七九一公年八十六國民華中有教儒呼

formation and guidance;

c) offering monthly

instalment payment.

leans;

helping clienta in

taxation problems

acting as the

underwriters for new stocks:

acting as the executora

of will" on behalf of their clienta,

issuing of credit cards;

providing auto-pay facilities:

i) selling gift cheques

就把下列每琶的字和詞,重新粗織成通順商 合理的句子,然後選出排在句中第三位的字或同

真實的,例黠

ARTG

B**

DAL

EKT

74.故事”批人 這個道理

做事的說明

A故事

D 作者:

B 這個

EX

75. ★ I

太陽

A太陽

B+

D宇宙

還有

76. Mē

轉眼間過得我們 真换

PAM

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R轉眼問

我們

TAR

77.

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74:

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中學會考試題預習專欄

P

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TAM

78鸣繁重的

P

你这件做得來

心繁重的

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1980

文字推理練習十六

祺擬測驗(纔完

選出下列每題最適當的答案,並在它的下面一橫線。

純警的‘金衊翼的友甜所能 得到

...PH #

S所能

TTL

80到了、背殊的春天满时

PA

+ Me

就在下列每题四個有編號的句子中,選出兩 句,用來推斷出麵的結論。

COFF

陪都是

ST.

T颜色

81, L20

155 14 ***

十分中

AL

B必须

D十分中肯

E4

82.要有,主意

做人事事,自己的

聽人擺徘

A主意

自己的

50(1)喜钦捉老鼠的貓都喜歡吃鱼

{2}大部份貓都喜歡吃魚 (3)大部份稻都是骯髒的。

(4)清潔的貓都喜歡捉老鼠。

結論:有些航器的貓喜歡吃油

P(1)*(2) Q1 (3) ·R(1)4914) S12) (3) †(2)*(a)

61.31)中汽車比乙汽車音。

(2)汇汽车比两汽車貴。

(3)丙汽車比了汽車音。

(4)甲汽車比丁汽車資。

結論:乙汽車比丁汽車案: A(3) B(1)(4)

•D(2) (4) (3) (4)

DAT

摆饰

83. 家裏弟妹們的使徒卷的,最氛祥

笑语

C洋溢著

E

B**

D. 弟妹們的 天邊

E

夕陽は

美麗的花

塗成餘輝

Ak

B

C(2)31

D.美麗的

細閱下列三段交 然後解笹所附問題。

PLSA

TORLEI÷ðà ?? 之靠以下五 種公共交通工具聯繫:

伸至公共汽

62,(1)李寶光在永强學校撞

(2)永強學校的學生都用功讀書。 三、(3)李寶光的爸爸很疼愛他。。

(4)李寶光的同學都很用功讀書。 結論:李寶光不是一個诚學生,

A(D)*(2)*** B(1)#3)· D(2)(4)

(3) (4)

63. (1)特倫旅行的目的地時,有少數同學不赞成,

不到荃灣去

{2}全班同學大多數赞成到荃灣去。

(3)王小明同學提議到大城去10

(4)本班的級任老師也贊成刘灣去。

結論:本班的結業旅行,目的地決定是荃灣

A(1)(2) B(1) (4) C(2)(3) D(2)和(4) £(3) *14) *64.1)描寫在寫作中最重要。

(2)世界上決没有兩個人的面貌是完全相同

(3)世界上決沒有两件事物是同一跃然的 (4)要描寫得真是十分困難的。

結論:學描寫的第一步就是觀察,

A(1)(3) B(1)(4) C(2)(3) [D/2) (4) E131 (4)

65. (1)这篇文章內容-

實,主題正確

(2腱篇文章錯漏百出。

(3)这篇文章内容空洞。

蜡論:這是一篇好文章

A(1)(2)) B(1)(3) CIT(4) D(2)(3) E12) (4)

66,(1)所有點都懂得捕鼠

(2)所有貓都喜歡吃魚

(3)「牠」喜歡吃魚

(4)「牠」不懂禮相鼠。

姑論:「牠」不是一隻貓。

P(112) Q(1)+(3),

5(2)(4)T(3) (4)

R(14)

·67.1)凡是滿十七歲的香港居民、都須要領取身

份機

12大明是香港居民。

13)大明的父母是英國人

(4)大明的父母在三十年前來港定居。

結論:假如大明的年齡足夠十七歲,他便須 台中:要領取身份證

01(3) -R!2413

·S(2) 14 ·T+3) (4)

.請在下列每顆五租中,還出最適當的答案

GET-##

TEL

戊至甲小輪

85某人先乘電車,再來小翰·最後乘公共汽車

問他是由那一個小鎮往那一個? ATLA

BLEA

DIETSU

CLET

86.某滋客欲環避玆五個小鎮,他先由丙鎮至丁

鎮、問他回到西鎮待乘搭什麼交通工具?

·P公共汽車Q火車

S電車

下列是禁地方電話的分區號有

東南區 西北版

11

15

RE*

87,某人在市區要撥電話到郊區去,應先撥那一

個分碼

P1109

R15

S.20

88,用户投訴9-732048这一電話失靈,電話公司

應源修理員到那去?

P 東南

SAPE

、西北區

TEX

R+E

***L***** about above

along alert pibuse it z퇇. 若美兒在字典中A部份開始查看,她最後我 到的是那一個生字?

Pabout

Salert

Qabové

Tabuse

Ralong

老師命王小明、金光耀、伍少强、徐 雄、麥志堅五位同學,以姓氏筆劃多少為碗

序,排成一列横行!

詐排在正中?

P王小明,

0金光耀

T

BAR 50) PAK

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