1979-06-12 — Page 20

DER

日二十月六年九七九一靨公年八十六國民華中育教濟耙

去週港股價榮辱互見

週息百分率較多升

(*)SKOVEREX

[基證券,太古洋行,太古地產:大 ,聯邦地產,生力啤,俗俗,新鴻 阿發展,其方程檻,海外新銀行 堀,恰和,九龍巴士,連卡佛,海 樂團,九龍倉,豐銀行,大酒店 一-镶雅公司,油說米小輪+和資 嘉年埋,恒,悅生銀行,港燈:和記黃埔 花 油两地小输四·五大

店,九銀燈,均益會,遠東發展, 他有聯會機膠· 安魂巨大,凱斯酒·· 「分恐相應有升降。適息上升者計磁話公司宄,七 「隔謂價瓦有恩,故去蹲之憲息百.. 大酒牌 · 九

大溪行海选店燈

巴證:塊

卡臟關和和犯記和

A

產埔

立興

ZEK

年和諾地遠,怡和說,南頂,立 一,繼雄興,新此界發展,米業家樂

「聯實業證。超越來上降南有長江街 藎光碗菜,屈臣氏:永安人壽及市

概述

BERY <<T

FREE 10 EN 10•OK

海外信託銀行:

KU

上之週岛百分率與上一個比較列下 ,會強學及生學國際等。戰將去道

203.3

六月九日

KICHH

-銦息率:

日聯合企業

1

5420.00

KIKE

HK UER

480)

二期星

京慈銀行 五六

長江實業 三九一四

11RE H

洲航 九·四三九四三

# 10 WE

KUNE KIU

蒸發廉 九·一五八九八 大奖地產 五二六

燕六九

FRE10-11 · FO-OO.

110.1:

青州藻泥 九九.TW 101111

·屈臣氏

>P

KRU

A

郭日僑華

[恒生银行 二 二

K

LAN BIRGE· 19

玉

OH OR

H.OO.

**

花地公司 三

•]@2<

日圓年底將回升

股市明年達新高 花與此

WAH KIU YAT PO

買四第張五第20日八十月五年未己曆夏

B•<K

日經紀行預測

五之間。近年許多公司 一開支帳在百分之三 JERNI)- BÉNKS

·世界人口毎年莉琳

一的股票將最暢銷。。 品,防務及與視有關整不可能會臟雜收縮的..

家至八一年將新高出市包括中國在内各產的局面,時 其中子,楊煉化學的廣闊範重而論,出口本公司獲入老旺時期 三預料,日本股市在八,分之五的估計,就日本 蒉距將導致出現恢复投 守一位高級行政人周 易全面將增長約百 我們估計,此供求 日本惓积行阀三段一經濟合作與發展組織部 人的將來可能更為嚴實, RUBK

TRARE

最後,山下盡男表

-EEKEE 我們准则放字牌暨凝議 台韓停止合纖出口 通貨棧脱的第一階段,至大約一九凡一至八分的基本買家。 |號出席研討會上〇一八〇月兌一美元 種現象到明年將体 [ 山下湖勇碗,「在公司的盈利將面積是,亦將同時身兼日本證· 【現笩投資策略必須結合的來是有可能的。照財術的精度,預料外 對全球通貨膨擬議勢目的業務,日本 『國投資者在不久之後,

「十位香港公司及私人投·性,到今年年底将商升的買家,但現在證明此 「經環山屏,在五 相供日圓破荽時的純粹是日本證券 山下義勇說,我示,近年來,外照沒養

一作短線質光主袋 HKSERT KEE

未一颗過分析溪示 現階段 業界人士毖示,常會讓一分給外圍,

按此傳· 尼龍絲及紡織品 定單大量湧日本

八東京用心推合哦内,甚至把部分內第

出所,月,陳慶低,皺出國需 發深一你別檢榮: 接以仍不自多個檢的的和齊坐瑟推出是出界 梁無德县本元約出原因际 中通 燹由 慈定躓人~ *法結合而提價出此故當地化於來舉證境士東 在供一卡建趨長高格契,。民緊,原 浿蜂絲好 可應部特業好識五也約日: 國鹕 使料 人孀及卿 脂所分界轉機比大本 ,得體七丽 的有

範的 猫束 於不出,前培舍 健,後 四部復開的加載

止時。

鹼靠供割,同的特

出瞰外內化使藥

過茶园絲?

追來的

1979

中學會考試題預習專欄

經濟及公共事務

建議參考資料 明德出版社提供

Economic & Public Affairs

Paper I

1. (a) In recent years, Hong

Kong's domestic exports to western countries have faced

serious trade restrictions. The European Economic Community has imposed quotas on our textiles, which is the largest export industry in Hong Kong. On the other hand, keen competition from, neighbouring countries such as South Korea, Taiwan and Singapore also adds to our trade difficulties. To deal with such trade difficulties, the Government has recently advised local industries to adopt 'industrial diversification'.

By industrial diversifica- tion' is meant that local industries could develop more new lines of production, which is known as product diversifi- cation; or, local industries could try to find more new export markets, which known as market diversification... Industrial diversification can be

of either of them, or of both of them.

The need for product diversification of Hong Kong's exports arises because their production costs have been

rising due to increasing wages and rents. As our exports are: usually labour-intensive, the increased production cost has made domestic exports less competitive with those of our neighbouring countries with cheaper labour and land. Thus it is time for local industries to develop new lines of production which require skills, technology, design, machinery, and management. It is only through this can our exports grow up at a satisfactory rate.

(b) To encourage the development of new lines of production and export markets, the Government has set up the Advisory Committee on Diversification to study the feasibility of industrial diversification and to advise the Government on matters concerning diversification.

Secondly, an Iridustrial Estate Authority has been set up to manage and develop industrial estate at Jai Po to meet the needs of those nëw land and technology intensive. industries. Besides, there is Special Committee on Land

Production which ensures adequate supply of land for new

industries.

Thirdly, the Government has decided to expand technical education provided at seconda and tertiary levels: The

Hong Kong Polytechnic and the four government-run Technical Institutes have

trained labour with commercial and technical skills which help diversification of local manufacturing industries.

Finally, the Government

has encouraged foreign invest- ment in Hong Kong by providing adequate informations of local economy and sufficient assistant through her Trade, Industry and Customs Department.

2. (a) Direct taxes are taxes levied on the incomes or wealth of individuals and firms. e.g. Profits Tax, Salla

Salaries Tax.

Indirect taxes are taxes levied on specific goods or services, and are paid by the producer or consumer of these

goods and services, e.g. Excise Duties,

Entertainment Tax.

Non tax revenue refers to the fees and charges that are,

paid to the Government for using goods and services provided by the government. e.g. Fines and Penalities,

Fees.

(b) The H. K. Government's revenue from direct taxes may increases due to the following factors:

1) A booming economy in the

Colony which results in higher company profits and labour wages.

ii) Increasesin the proportion of economically active population of the society and less unemployment.

ii) Increase in tax rates on

profits, salaries and other incomes.

Iv) Rising rents which result

in higher tax revenue based on rateable value.

v) Inflation.

Revenue from indirect taxes may increase due to the following factors.

i) Increased sales of goods

and services so taxed.

11) Higher tax rates

ii) Wider tax base,

浮的

年七八九大大二四六

○一九四七九

豫甭行證地 築

A$

六大六為五入西三天大四就入

八五七大八五二一 八五八一 姐

七八九六大二日 六○○ 四大大大八五八四三大六四五八六 ○八四五二五五五六五五五四四五三段

0===OXL-OBA-NAMZARSIŁŁO 0X四四〇三四九八九五一 大九九八五八六〇五〇 〇六九二五九九〇四〇四七七六 八四四三〇五五三五七

1.e. more goods are to be taxed.

3. (a) A commercial bank can

offer the following services to an import-export company-

i) Issuing of letters of credit

which facilitate exports and imports;

ii) Provision of financial

assistance, such as direct loans, overdrafts, discounting bills of exchange, etc.,

iii) Provision of informations

concerned with markets and credibility

v of firms; iv) Buying and selling foreign

exchange and remittance services.

(b) Stock Exchange is Important to the people who want to invest but lack capital and experience in business. They can invest in the n

most profitable business while great liquidity of their assets is maintained. They need not participate in the running of the business and can transfer their ownership of shares freely.

Stock Exchange is also important to firms which need capital to expand their business. They can raise capital from the Stock Exchange by issusing shares and debenture. As a result, they can enjoy economies of scale when they can successfully raise capital.

4. (a) When formulating policy,

the Government may seek advices from relevant advisory committees consisting of citizens and businessmen who know very well the conomic and

social conditions of the community. Opinion expressed by Unofficial Members in Executive and Legislative Councils are also taken into account since their views generally represent the public. The Government may also consider the views of the mass media, district organisations - such as Heung Yee Kuk, Rural Committees, Kaifong Associations, and also the suggestions made by City District Offices and Unofficial: Members of the Executive and Legislative Councils' Office. Besides, opinion expressed by social groups may also be considered.

(b) The public can express their opinion on matters of public interest and concern through the following channels:

i) Writing letters to

newspapers, magazines, radios and other mass media so as to voice their opinion, make

criticism and suggestions, and draw the public attention on the matters concerned;

ii) Approaching in person the

Unofficial Members of Executive and Legislative Councils Office when complaints, and grievances

have to be made;

iii) Writing letters directly to

the Governor, the Chief

Secretary, or the Head of the Goverment Department concerned so as to give objections or suggestions to the policy of the Government;

iv) Approaching in person City

District Offices to voice their opinion concerning with government policies: Giving their own views.

through local organisations as Rural Committees, Heung Yee Kuk, Mutual Aid Committees, Kalföng Association, and other social groups,

5. (a) Population censuses are

taken in Hong Kong in order to have a detailed measure of the size, sex, age, birth rates, death rates, occupation, income, education, and other important social aspects of the population at a certain moment of time. Such measures. obtained from population censuses are important for the government to formulate long-term economic and social policies on social welfares, education, housing, medical and health services, etc.

(b) Population control is significantly important in Hong Kong for the following economic

reasons-

-i) On the negative side of

population growth, it can be an impediment to economic progress. It poses a heavy burden on the community in the sense. that provision of adequate employment for a growing labour force can be difficult,

t, and that resources for economic development may be diverted to, meet the immediate demands of an increasing number of people for basic goods and services, such as food, housing, education, medical care, transporta- tion, etc...

ii) As population grows rapidly, per capital come b reduced. This means that the income earned by each individual falls since the gross national product will be shared by a greater population size.

iii) Unlike most Asian countries,

Hong Kong is characterized by an extreme shortage of

natural resources.

Population control is necessary to reduce the growth rate of demand for food-staffs and many

necessities.

iv) In the past few years, Hong

Kong has experienced a rapid process of industrialization and

become an export-oriented. place. But inevitably Hong Kong has lost her

comparative advantage în labour-intensive products because of rising wages at

home.

The

only beneficial: way to maintain her

exports competitiveness in overseas markets is to improve the labour, skill and industrial technology. To achieve this, a good human. capital must be provided. Thus it is necessary to have adequate training programmes for the young generation, while at the same time population control is very essential. v) In recent years, Hong Kong

has experienced serious inflation which adds difficulty to her export sector, To curb inflation, one of the effective ways is. to control the rate of increase of demand for food-stuffs and necessities. by keeping down the growth rate of population. vi) Population control in Hong

Kong can ease the burden on the government in providing economic, social and administrative : services to the community, thus releasing public funds for the improvement of the economy and assistance to industry.

6. (a) Drug addicts can

receive methodone treatments and they can voluntarily go th

Shek Ku Chau Treatment, Centre for rehabilitation Drug dependent prisone receive rehabilitation programmes in

Drug Addiction Treatment Centre, in which medical and psychological treatments are given to help them revover quickly. Besides, vocational training and adult education are also provided.

(b) The physically handicapped-

can receive medical treatment and

physiotherapy, while at same time vocational training, informal

education and recreation facilities are also

provided. Aftercare

services are also provided.

(c) Young offenders are usually

sent to Detention:

Centres. for rehabilitation, especial- ly those committing the first offence. In the centre, nearly no previleges are allowed. Punishment.

Will

be given to those who show no respect or obedience. Everyone has to engage in ten hours physical labour? everyday. They provided group counselling and remedial education. monthly report is produced to review their behumour. After release, they are under supervision of an aftercare officer and a job will be found. for them.

Page 20Page 21

聞新港本頁一第張六第

日八十月五年未已廣夏

WAH KIU YATLEO