1979-01-17 — Page 31

ME: CRÊNCE LIBRARY.

17 JAN 233

育教僑華頁三第張八第日九十月十年午我颠夏 WAH KIU YAT PO

1979

中學會考試題預習專欄

a.(1) What type of germination

does the secd possess? (2) Explain why water, oxygen

and favourable tempera→

Structure

Shell

生

物

(十五)

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BIOLOGY (15)

Unit 9:

Growth and Perpetu- ation of the species

The following table, gives information relating to reproductive behaviour and. development of a number of animals,

No. of eggs or

The embryo Parental care Hating young produced at fertilization position develops in after birth Type of

any one time

+

-

mother:

10 years

Animals

Fish (cod):

3-7 million

Frog

1000 - 2000

Snake (adder):

10 14

Bird (blackbird)

36

external

external

internal

internal

water

water

4.

shelled egg

+

shelled egg

3 weeks

Cat

4

internal

mother

4 weeks

Man

18-

internal

present

- absent

a. (1) Vhat are meant by ex-

nal fertilization and internal fertilization? (2) Which one associates with

the terrestrial habit ?` Explain your answer. What reproductive behaviour and developmental behaviour would an animal be expected to have if it produces only a few engs at any one time? (1) Suggest a possible reason

to explain why the frog lays fewer eggs than the fish.

(2) Suggest two possible

reasons to explain why the frog must return to water to breed.

ture are necessary for the germination?

b. How does the young seedling

maintain its upright posture 2

o. List the differences in

structure and function between the structure x of seed and that of seedling.

d. state three advantages of

seed reproduction.

Answers:

4a(1) External fertilization: the fusion of two gametes out- side the femab body to form a zygote during sexual repro- duction.fi

Internal fertilization: the fusion of two gametes with- in the female body to form a zygote during sexual repro- duction.

(2) Internal ferilization.

The terrestrial environ- ment provides no vater as a medium for the sperm to swim to the eggs and to prevent the gametea, zygotes and developing embryo from desiccation. There- fore an external type of ferti-b.

Shell

報日僑

Adaptation

To reduce water To provide pro- tection

Vascularized and membranes closely attached

to the porous shell for raseous exchange

Albumin.

Gale

To provide food and water for the development of the embryo

(1) Epigeal germination. (2) Water 18 used

1. to soften the seed

coat,

to activate the proto- plasm and the enzymes and

to hydrolyse the stored food to diffusible forms so that they can be transported to the growing point. Oxygen is used to oxidize the stored food to pro- duce energy for growth. Favourable temperature allows enzymes to function efficiently.

lization becomes impossible and upright positure is maintained

an internal fertilization is

needed..

by

1. turgidity of the cells and The animal would be expected 2. rigidity of the cellulose to have

an internal type fertilization,

mating position,

3. protection for the

Fertilized eggs and

4. parental care for the

young.

c.(1) During spawning, the male

frog clings to the back. of the female with his nuptial pads so that the male-and the female áre in close proximity. Since

State with reasons two-animals. in the table of which the eggs

are likely to have

(1) the least yolk..

(2) the most folk.

a. Draw a fully labelled diagram to show the struc of a bird's

egg

Describe with explanations three structures which are important for the bird's egg to adapt the terrestrial life.

The following diagram shows the structure and germination of a seed,

(3) Seedling

(A) Seed

Split,

testa

Testa

a

cell wall.

Structure!

X(seed). abundent food no chlo-

rophyll

Function

support

initial

growth

with its food

X(seed) little Food with chloro= phyll

protect em emerging plumle Carries out photosyn thesis

an obvious nating position Corrections for the is absent in fish, such mating position of the frog enables it to have higher chance of suc- cess in fertilization and therefore to lay fewer eggs than fish, (2) The frog must return to

water to breed because

arrangement of the answers in Biology (13) 3d) (1) Cerebre-spinal transport

1. it possesses an exter-

nal type of fertili- zation, and

its eggs are not

shelled and have to be laid in water to pre-

vent desiccation.

The bird lays fewer eggs than snake because ·

1, the bird incubates her

eggs so that the embryos can develop at a constant temperature.

the bird feeds her young until they are able to fly and fend for them- selves.

(1) cat and man

Their eggs are likely to have the least yolk because they rapidly draw food from their mother after fertilization.

(2) Snake and bird

Their eggs are likely to have the most yolk because they have to provide sufficient food for the embryos to develop over a relatively long period of time outside the mother.

Shell

membrane Shell

Albumen

Air space

Chalaza

Yolk

Germinal dise

不隨禮柯

星柯多新彩g無報請遠 另 式采穎色8任販就道 收附出印多雜§歡訂近閱 費送版刷姿誌僑2迎閱向户

cord,

e) A¡. Sensory neuron.

B: Relay neuron

C: Motor neuron

(2) The reflex are..

It gives

The reflex action..

fluid.

nal

The pinching act、ara,

Linto a motor neur c) The dilation..... eball

(十五)

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地

理

GEOGRAPHY (15)

Suggested answers for Questions Nos. 20 and 21:

20.

The feature shown in the photograph is a pothole.

Potholes are holes found in the bed of a river. They are always circular or elliptical in outline, and a few centi- metres to metres in depth. They are most often observed in the stream channel during the low water or along the bedrock walls, where they have been left stranded after the stream has cut its channel downward. Pot holes are most common in narrow valleys, but they often occur in broad valleys as well.

A pothole begins as shallow depression in the bedrock channel of a streami This initial depression may be caused by ordinary abrasion, by irregularity in the bedrock or by hydraulic action. The water swirls in such depress- ions, with the sand, pebbles and even cobbles deposited. there. By the continued swirling of the running water, these loads act as grinding" tools deepening and enlarging the depressions into potholes.

21.

三期星 日七十月一年九七九一公年八十六國民華中

The two modern tin mining me thods employed in Malaysia

'are t·

1) Dredging

This method is extensively. practised in areas of alluvial deposits, c.g. in the Klang valley and Kinta Valley. In this method, a large machine or dredge, driven by electric power, is found floating on river or large pond, vast

quantities of tin-bearing álluvium and gravels are a scooped up by a chain of steel buckets. Then the alluvium Bis conveyed to sorting sheds or sluices where the mineral- bearing material is washed over and over again by strong jets of water until the hea- vier tin ore is separated fron the gravel and remains behind. One of the advantages of this technique is that the deposita with tin content as low as I can be worked. In Malaysia, over half of the tin ore produced is obtained by this method. The initial capi tal required for setting up a plant for such operations is quite large, this method is therefore mainly employed by a few large mining companies.

2) Hydraulic Gravel Pumping

It is a method which is extensively employed in areas of thick tin ce deposite near

the source of water power. High pressure monitors direct jeta of water against the tin-bearing gravel, which is loosened and swept into

a sluice or settling tank where the heavier tin particles settle to the bottom while the lighter impurities are washed away. Or the tin-bearing – material is carried through high pressure water pipe into a palong or launder where the heavier tin ore sinks behind a series of obstructions. The tin ore is then shovelled out of the palong by the miners.

The Significances of Tin

Production in the Economic

Development of Malaysia

Tin mining, on one hand, has encouraged the economic development of Malaysia in the following ways:

1) The Great profit from tin mining encouraged immigra- tion especially the people f from South China, who helped a lot in the early development of Malaysia.

2) Mining centres Boon pres- pered into large towns as the industry attracted also many other professiona, Ipoh and Kuala Lumpur serve as very good examples

3) Since tin mining requires a lot of cheap power, the generation of H.E.P. at Chenderoh Lake in the Perak Valley was developed. It in turn encourages the indus trial development of the country.

4) Tin mining has also led to the improvement of communi- cation of the country. High- ways and railways are cons- tructed, ports are developed to facilitate the transporta- tion of concetrated tin ore to smelters, and the export- ation of refined ingots uo other countries.

5) The improved communication

encourages the plantation

agriculture such as the.

plantation of rubber, coconut oil, palm and pineapples.

6) The export of tin accounta for a major earning of the country. The money can be used to help the development of the country in many differ- ent ways, such as in education, industrial development and social welfare.

On the other hand, tin mining poses some problems on the economic development of Malaysia.

1) Tin mining, as many other mining activities, can be regarded as a 'robber industry for ita tailings occupy large areas which may be utilized for better uses, such as agriculture and forest- ry

2) Tin, together with rubber, account for about 80% of its total exports. It is unsafe for Malayaia to be too concentrated upon these two producte. As the prices of them fluctuate, the economy of the country also suffer from it.

Questions for Revision;

22.

Below is a photograph taken on Cheung Chau Island, Hong Kong. The features shown on the photo resemble a certain landscape found in lines tone

araa

報日僑華閱訂期長請

訂閱電話

5-

-22908T內線3號

Name the type of landscape that is found in limestone area and explain its formation.

Un what type of rock do yoy think features of similar appearance may develop in Hong Kong: Give a reasoned account of it.

'Japan is one of the major industrial powers in

the world.. he success of

its industrialization is

largely a result of its

skilful manipulation of

technology. Justify this

a tatement",

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