1978-11-30 — Page 29

WAH KIU YAT PO

目裕育教 真一張八第日一初月一十年午戊

1979

usually keeps the uccounts. of the government depart- wents.

中學會考試題預習專欄

公共事務及經濟(八)

珝集出版社孔德装虚柴俊提供資料

Leonomic and public.

affairs

Money and banking

Central banks and commercial banks their functions anŽ”.

facilities

The functions of a central hank

A central bank is i bank of goverment. It is set up by the government and is not profit-making. The implementation of policies in a central bank a directly control cu by * government. Usually, a

vssentral bank is the nation- alized institution which. work with the governgent.

to carry out the monetary policy and to promote the economic development of the country. Its functions can The guramarized as follows

to issue legal tender.

Currencies, including banknotes and coins, are issused by the central bank under the supervision of government, since tie

'of circirlating: amount currencies can influence. the urchasing power of the economy, government is responsible for adjusting the amount of legal tender. issued by the central bank 5.

In a complex monetery economy, money serves as a. dynamic role in addition to being a medium of ex- change. Goverment may regulate the level of money and liquidity in 250 the economy so as to achieve some desired policy object- ives such as the control of inflation, the growth in the Gross National.. Product and the improve- ment of balance of wayments,

to be the bank of govern- ment

Government revenue

are usually stored in the

central bank and the public expenditure and

5wents are done througli

翔飯電

paym

A central bank.

天食唱告赚

分牌開语

夜团英及英常

牙大報 五四新五大報融今廣,四

十十即分碟, 動長播四分

畢後。語轉五播四

3. to be the advisor of

government on financial and monetary policies**

The central bank acts as the advisor of government in all the matters about monetary and banking policies. The central bank, may. has a effective management' team giving relevant inform- ation and suggestions to government so as to solve any economic problems and to help the economicʻ de- Velopment.

to keep the cash reserves of private banks

all

It is a law that the private banking institutions must deposi兄 a part of their cash re- serves in the central bank, accordingly, the

central bank, centralizes the cash reserves to pro- tect the security and. control the liquidity of the whole banking system,

whenever there.

is necessary for tie: private banks to borrow some, money, the central bank will hack. them up by lending them casli funds. If there is any financial crisis occurred in a private bank, the central bank is respon

as far as possible in

that national economic stability can be maintained.

to be a bank of central clearance settlement: and transfer.

ce for

supporting it:

The central bank is the bankers' bank. It provides the facilities of clearance of cheques and the transfer of funds between banks. It is the place for the banks to. clear their cheques, received from their customers and drawn upon other banks. In such a case, mutual indebtedness between thie mewher banks may be can celled and the amount.

owned to any banks would: he calculated,

6. to supervise the operationa

of private banks

A central bank takes.

the responsibility to help

點甞

A+

分分

報日僑

the government to carry out the banking laws and to watch' and 'direct the work done by privateļanks.

7. 'to.carry out monetary

policy

The central bank: controls the note issue, accepts deposits from and makes loans to the commercial banks and-- money market in such a way that it handles the: main tool of monetary policy in a country. For instances, inflation. can be tackled by

through control of the quantity of money which is circulating. Ja addition, government. can change the reserve: ratio of the private banks Cor change the discount: rate

and the rate of interest by adjusting the banking ordinances so as to achieve the goals of monetary go Licy,

monetary authority e

to keep gold reserves and foreign exchange reserves of the country

in order to main- tain the stability of.the. external value of the national currency ystem, the central bank. keeps. the gold reserves and foreign exchange reserves to undertake the open market operation by law of exchange cortrol.

10. to offer facilities.

to customers as a commercial bank does:

The central bank also provides the gen- reral bank ing services. to the customers such

as acceptance of deposits Toans and advances, remit tance and other services.

The functions and facili- ties provided in comercial hanks

A commercial bank is a profit-making firm operated by private indivi-| duals. It is established for the purpose of secking. profits by way of offering various banking services. Hanking laws end ordinances are set up to regulate the working targets of all comercial banks.

wowThe commercial:

:雍告英碟一分。卅五

至一,八貓,英、七分分

語」。,刀虎卅六十第十鸟明,

|凤天喂預告。; 十年,新簡報, 山 間婆一二三,卅分,迷 報,「接续午夜綮凿J.

交五十八分, 卅分,谁惹九十分

,凌二時,粘

報-天氣報告-四分, 凄二時,新聞簡

,飛影),五十八分,濃民天氣預告,天氣報 九時,外開簡報,看完奉。

TERKEID.

二時五分,英語長,供安其设在

*「THE SEE 261 裙類

,九時,節目介紹 全日播映完】

八掛漢廣播連結), 三分 - 下午茶(女第一無線明珠台 一位區潛港風術

女珠黑天鵝。

;十五分,「ALON 四哥,「小笨象」

做伙味東安梅

一嗪十年,其光再! [ANIMAL ,十五分·索燕舞 A ASHORES卅分

y: 三點四十五,齊齊聚報,天氣報告:廣兒夜十點半);卅分- 凌晨三時,新開街、天氣報告、四級消五十七分,目介紹G THE TRAI

|四及一〇三兆赫,

| 第二分相同。

「十分:「大碤細碟落堪[

:六時,新聞報告"

|香港第二台

(立體)九

·十1年-《亲與

**

「香港第五台

[*及一〇五兆赧

;

,節日風第一台相同,段,天氣報告,全日安

(上午鍪七劇 非非 正片:根客服。

〔超短波調赧九,卅分,新開園, 二時五分,話長] U'T TJ 3、

姑案

娘節

【盤」,十五分,天數報,九陣,「中國各地商業第二台這時十分,新一代

一台- 潮汐,卅分,究氣葉曲。」 「撤告,陶众,四十四分十降,場劇精選

目與第二台相岡) 七時,新聞簡報

【馈薏唱盤」步五分, 商業第一台

六分,天集報告! 二時卅分:

天氣報告,將分,薪 報,天氣幹,四十

界電時

食記) - 潴玗 新爾 天氣報告,(編親早通

大時新聞簡報 漁民天氣報告 《 曲

老天记

「拉此」。

新聯公司

B+-DYNOM 6202 KEK

六時十分, IT H.

+ CK1卅五分

|七膝 - 新諧及天氣 0號二樓

|

七產,加路比出深歡樂靑春」。

A時,熱浪七八,

報導,廿五分,「觀點

風何藤」,卅五分,「鳴謝

:一九時:候的

·音粜特帆靑選J

·環將組密石根據與神秀柤九亞租一

八時卅分,「黑 新聯公司

爛一千始二一觀路—伙一街

二二千有8千妹要千生七千

籍歌銷四人

·第二組121期:

角子涵 一對一點半ㄣ香水乚C屮[二五片

·十時,新聞、天氣神探(中文字幕)。 九時卅分,明深九一601位,越发他做英1仟

-FRUK

PK(ROKN) • BY NIGHT1012

十二千卅分,宛播一一乙“卅分,最後霸的50%,祖瓦鷇聯一千 報導,卅五分:「格林一百元大澳石仔地 十二時卅五分,二苔雅棠高新 17

甜的草議,摩最老友花),3,麗的第二台一度推

中央巾塔贷染價格米·黃告,緩緩甜心 老友記

CROWN COUR BRUKEBEEKI

,生佩簠林

:一十11時州五分,

·皮長一伴,寄明鹰語長片「家花比砑花

分三十五之新

餐龌八報座七爆,六

播告時,談時,

裝漁新黨,新遺業

刊在

五千数

澳組寫真紅

尙

养廣分

用燒

二千企

惠刊本報分類廣告

H-221583

「話告類 請撥電話

新博初水 蘇號

̇五時十五分;<節

十五分,「著開天地」符

KE14E). [#].

「足線「加山站公告。

,卅分,「香港你我他 八時,接橋英國廣愛中俱樂部)

慶州新 鑽

村黃 星

四族大地藍桃位

车位五

七星

聯

位置

同

大觚扶概

622

|氣報導

四期星 日十三月一十年八七九一屣公年七十六國民叄甲

banks operate branches and directly deal with îndividual customers.

They are operated under the supervision of govern- ment or central bank and play an active economic role. Their functions can be summarized as. follows. 2

to keep money for cust oners

Commercial hanks provide the services that saving deposits, fixed deposits and demand deposits are accepted. Different rates of interest are applied to various deposits together with the differw ent ways of withdrawing

money.

2. to lend money to customers.

Loɛns and advances are granted to commerce and industry in order to earn the reward of interest on -one hand, and promote lie industrial, and commercial development on the otier. The Loans and advances include short-term and long-term loáne,

coverdrafts.ons Cas

bill of exchange. Govern- ment: jilay the supervisory role to cover all deposit taking institutions to create bank credit

Either a central bánk or a commercial bank can bring about an increase of equal amount în hank deposits. In other words, when a bank makes an ad- vance to customer, whether by overdraft or loan account the result is an increase in total purchasing power,

For example, if

ca. horrower has only * edit

small balance to the

of his account and he obtains. an overdraft of $500, de can draw a cheque for this "account and pay it to the creditor. If the creditor deposit it into his own. account, the creditor's account will have increased by $500. In this case, the borrower's account can only show a debit for this account.In the combinet. banks' balance sheet, advances

and deposits will hoth inve increased by $500.

Remittunee means that the money is trans- ferred from one plice to ang Cher. Imagine that you want to sent IK8100 to yur friend living in united States, you can ask for the help of the Remittance Department, in any commercial hank,-

First of all, the Outward Remittance Department would calculate how many US dollars your 100 lik doilars will buy on the foreign exchange market by referring to the day.. exchange rate. If the rate is K5 for US$1, your. K$100 will buy US820. Therfore the bank will gave you a bankdraft for US$20. Next, you

can use

a mail transfer. That is to say, the bank sends airmail instruction to its branch in United States

to authorize the branch to Pay your friend the sum. of the money. If it is very urgent for you to send

rgent the amount of money, you can make use of the telegrape transfer althougir it would be more expensive. 5. to offer import and exiort

facilities

Commercial banks ofter a special service. called documentary credit to help the promotion of business, It is the gurantee given by a bank that its. customer will pay for s shipment of goods if he correct documents are supplied as evidence that the shipment. has been mudc.

Furthermore, the credit bine is the service. provided to allow a company to receive goods before. paying for them,

other: mis- -6. to provide

cellaneous services to the customers such S aliceping valuables for

customers;

If there is any monetary discrepancy.

happened, the central bank should have the power to control the expansion. of bank credit.

4. to offer the service of

remittance

分享

,四十四分,天氣報告一千分,「會所日記」,卅分,新聞簡報,

無泉陽

年青人時間》天無綉翡翠湖其家屬均

五時,新仙高樓,紅菱

,三時新聞簡報:氣報告,十八樓C :二時,新聞簡報,廿分,節目,卅分,新聞簡報、《一片紅要立」,

凡睹一五九度一攤表「下午旋律」。分,新簡報,漁民天機年青人壽間》。

b)providing business in-

formation and guidance; c)offering monthly instalment::

Syment loanss

dyhelping elients in taxation.

problems;.

Jacting, as the underwriters for mew stocks1~ facting as the executors of will Con behalf of their clients; g)issuing of credit cards:

h)providing auto-pay faci-

(itiesi

ijselling gift cheques.

赫

VerKRESH) ·

心五時,凫實世界,

十一時,新聞簡報,芝街,五十五分-百

鳴

令樂府

*[編秩我器你破)、樊英雄。

衰我講你!)。 卅分,新開簡報,(一六時廿分,生活的

謝

旋律,四十五分,新聞

一時,新聞簡報,報導及天氣 · ·

.七時五分,觀點與鳴謝楠道西161號3樓O二

| 四分 - 天氣報告,潮汐 氣報告,潮汐,卅分, 價格報導,「繼續陽光與你在一起。 天氣毅告,邊收,四十一天久預告,北一分,「管階七八,北分,新開輿年青人時間)。 十二時」,卅分,漁民十時、新聞簡報,一分,新開簡報-八 02 正ㄜ雄」,十五分,天」灣屠房本地及外來生活位,卅分,新聞簡報,

漁陽生長

民光糖沙地讚

香港第一台 P到盡」。 五時五十五分四十,百腳聽,姿采集。 -,今盤馬頭角牛B本地

(中)七八千」,十一時卅分!「潑八時,新聞簡報, 有,及外來生牛但略及沙源民天氣概告,四卷风》。

一報,〔橫甜心孕 光十二時」,心鉟話,天氣報告,(積甜心 唱片蜜》著 : 十二}時,新聞簡報,報,(爆甜心早录) 年青人時間,卅分、新威足球大。 「學兵》,卅分-新聞 二時,新聞簡報, :十時卅分,PGy)孕表,卅分,新鼐繕 天氣黃告:(硬西 一九時,新阳簡報,座机械,《楊淑年家人, 三時,新聞簡報,

美生活

|毐[中文字祗] 阿萬報,而緩西生天、四十五分,皆有,其家屬 秦唱片金),卅分,新角度,十五分,住家男友聯公司

張安霆被金1200元,

銀眾竹瓶 租 龙仔友:

村我新榮 湖西新99

62夜村生北水·椰香

MA千坤電牛巧十千榮座一

一二六二第一千

村美新號

三金號胡 二好陳

十1時十五分,新村仁座迫未獲。 405位 根友那

,十二時卅分,午夜一

七時,新聞間報,相爱龙門」寄快司馬洛、 驚報-天氣報告,日日

| 電影:然海懾。

·四時,新聞簡報,

鳴

之長」,十五分,天氣

| 天氣報告,接續一香之「虑岩壯士」第九個好時光。 :一時 - 新聞報告,一日日好時光,

六十一時 新聞簡報 卅分,新聞

日播映完畢。

報告,卅分,天京報告

3

,十五分,「下午 日日好時光

堀江 五十八分,天落

明

|蕤,民天氣預譽。

「#江之最」,廿五分

天氣報告。 ,天業報告,四十分,繼續「下午将律」,卅 ∫第九回 *

摟共衖淑 號

共滑50藏 東張

BENZ 11E JAAR:

英餍四座源

燒餅

涂涂S 上惑啦。 邮形天

位

龙龙

季九林

廿一第一千榮下

-妹九千年八

天氣報告 五口之家 : 九時-新 簡報,

導及爲你祝福,卅分,新聞簡報,(畫價年沓 新聞。

一時十分,「龍虎一时海島道西161號3樓 皮拉特

第一七四郎,州分:「實賽交膑曲」,智力障 [分:「太平山下漫步:個講,五十八分,天氣問吓,卅分,新州 簡報 康人約黃 美国蝣位農事,四十五一橫,卅分,民眾英雄透,人的黃香橫,卅分,第 簡報 〔接續風吓同下[香

一: . 七.i新開開雜,對」

八口報

十時,新聞簡報, 毅告。 大同 - 卅分 - (偷目與,及香港漁市场鲜魚批發、樂部》。

·纘積「太平山下漫步- 五絳-新聞簡薮r.. 小五十八分,天氣報告「警察通潮」,六分,三時,新聞簡報,天氣要告,漁民天提報 ,民間故事「天刀」第一義區批發市區有一橋 空中分,

·新 唱片段郁,五十五分,空中俱樂部,卅分,新告,一满城人的演督漫|

永恆的秦天著五 二年十分,磁能劃 卅分,一仙 五時,「賽

2007

蔥文化館自己都说香灣仔湖北3雙

areas are urine C | | | hing

干

坒號一A干坤恋千占座一巧16

子棚千五二段一二端七千