1977-04-18 — Page 29

真二第張七第日一初月三年巳丁夏

1977中學會考試題預習專欄

明德社主編

地理

GEOGRA, HY(25).

(廿三) 李婉健 黎件套

Answers (29)

8. Uescribe the problems

derived from overjopu- lation in this country.

The mentioned country has a tremendous population of about 40 millions. It has a high birth rate: 47/1000 and a death rate 15/1000. The natural increase rate is about 32/1000, a very high rate in population growth. We can tell that this coun- try has more people than the resources can support at this recent time. It faces the problem of rural over- population because there is a very nigh proportion of the population engaged in agriculture. From the shown figures, there is 75% of the total working population en- gaged in agriculture and on- ly 1/5 of the total arca us- es

for cultivated land. Oh-

Vously agricultural Lands

which have been intensively used for many years and the yield is decreasing. A con- stant fear of famine and low

WAH KIU YAT PO

vation. Diversification of agricultural pattern can also be made possible. Fro- ductivity of agriculture is surely increased,

3. Increase of agricultural

products.

(1) wider usage of chemical fertilizers to improve soil fertility.

(2) wide spread application of trace elements in soil where these are deficient. Improve productivity by the application of one element in which the soil is defi- cient such as copper and cobalt.

(3) Use of better seeds, new plant strains or new breeds. of animal.

The International Rice Re- search Unit (IRI) in the Philippines has bred new varieties of rice which give yield many times greater than normal, such as 128, TR5, IR20 rice strains. (4) Opening up or reclaiming more arable land by terrac- ing of the mountain sides or making use of the marginal. land to create new fields. (5) Implementation of water conservation, drainage and irrigation schemes. (6) Educating the farmers the basic knowledge of soil science and plants. (7) Increasing use of inse- ctcides and other agents to control the pests and disea- 8€8.

living standard accompany. Increuse of marine pro- this high population in this country. People are suffered from undernourishment and

malnutrition.

The forming methods which engaged in this country are so cutdated that there almo- st 1/5 of the total area is fallowed or abandoned land. Since Too much land is use- less (including 40% of the total area is woodland and 20 1s abandoned land)," the and productivity of primary secondary production cannot catch up with the growing size of population.

The development of in- dustry is quite slow, lt has only 5% of total orking population engaged in indus-

of the

try with merely n

total area uses as indus- trial land. From this ex- treme proportion, we can find that tue unbalance of people between urban and rural For

the under-deve

2 of secondary pro-

the national income

of this country will not be high enough to suport its large population. It has no surplus of commodities for export. It can hardly reach capital accumulation. With- out enough capital, it con-

not achieve to a niguer lev-

el of economic develoment. Diversification of its eco- nomy is impossible for lac- king of capital.

10% of the total working population is unemployed. The burden of the country will be heavier in case, tó support this umployed wor- kers.

The medical services in. this country are no matter underdeveloped for the dea- th rate is at about 15/1000 such a nigh rate in compari sion with those advanced countries. Young people are lack or sound education. Mo- st people live in simple, unnygienic conditions.

b. There are some possible

ways for solving over- population.

1. Develop sparsely popu

lated areas (migration) / Encouraging out-migration to sparsely populated areas in order to release the burden of those densely peopled countries.

internal-migration can' be encouraged. The country which has large area can urge its people to move to the potentially rich margi- nal districta. 2. and reform. Redistribution of the land into larger and more econo- mic units in order to en- able mechanization and im- plementation of irrigation achemes and water conser-

ducts by better fishing methods. Fisa breeding in local lakes, ponds and rivers also supply addi- tional food for people. 5 Reduction in rate of

population increase by family planning. - Encouraging the young late marriage and introducing family planning for the married couple in order to reduce the family members. This can give the children bester opportunity to re- ceive sound education. The practise of burth control may also provide much lei- sure and money for the married couple,

6. Foreign aids.

The overpopulated area shou -1d receive aids from rich advanced countries in order to promote its economy. 7. Industrialization. The overpopulated countries should employ new industri- al methods to produce more menufactured products for exports which will obtain more money to buy food for feeding their people. After industrialization, capital will easily accumulated and indirectly help the

further production.

世界史(廿三)·胡意亮

WORLD HISTORY (23)

(1) The following were the

effects of the Great Depression (1929-30) on Europe:

the fall in the prices of food and raw mater- ials hit severely agri- cultural countries of Eastern Europe.

11. a drop in the demand for

the industrial exports

of more developed coun- tries in Western North- ern Europe. greatly affected the economies of these nations.. iii. growing lack of confid-

ence in the whole econ omic system.

iv. inflation eating away. the savings of the people led to the collapse of their standard of living.

v. mounting unemployment

led to social distress and instability. vi. new economic theories

that encouraged more active government mea- sures t deal with economic recessions developed, and a new concept of the nature of capitalist society began to take shape. vii. economic probleme made

報日僑華

-期星

日八十月四年七七九一番公年六十六國民華中 有教信集

popular extreme politi-

his shoulder when he

(pick)

(9)

cal parties which pro- mised radical economic solutions, which in the end led to the rise of fascism in Germany.

viii, national feelings were

intensified; trade barriers were raised. social class antagonisms were made worse and the fear of revolution revived.

A. i,iii,iy,v,vi,vifi and

ix only.

Besi,ii,iv, vi, vii and ix

only.

C. ii,iii,iv,v,vii and

vili only.

D. iii,v,vi,vii viii and

ix only.

E. All of them.

(2) The following discredited

the prestige and reputat- ion of the Weimar Republic in Germany: b

1. the Republic was thought

to be born of military defeat in the First World War by the Germans ii. the war guilt clauses of the Versailles Treaty of 1919 impaired German honour and embarrassed the Republic.

iii. Germany was hot consid-

ered civilized enough by the other countries to act as a mandatory power under the League of Nations

iv. reparations exacted by

the 1919 Treaty weighed down nearly every German cabinet.

A.

3.

the Allies granted to Germany not even the slightest measure of equality in armament. i,iii,iv and v only. i,iv and v only.

C. i,ii,iii and iv only. D. ii,iii and v only. E. All of them.

(3) The following were the

political weaknesses of the Weimar Republic in Germany:

ii.

none of the political parties were capab ́e of dealing with the problems which confront- ed the Republic. party complexity and the groth of extreme political parties of the right and left made it difficult if· not impossible to obtain the necessary parliamentary majority to carry out any strong policy.

local government, the judiciary and the bureaucracy were un- changed and unreorgan- ized, so that many conservatives, monar- chists and authoritar-

ians remained and did

not support the Republic.

iv. the Weimar Constitution attempted at establish-

ing too advanced a form of democracy, in that checks and balances to restrain the rise of a dictatorship were inadequate.

v.the Republic promised a lot of things, but could not live up to them, so that democracy. was discredited as a whole.

A. i,îl,ìii and iv only. B. ii,láž, Ly and v only.· C. Î,iii,iv and v only. D. 1,il and v only. E. All of them.

In their social prograns the Nazis offered some- thing for everybody, and could vary the emphasis to suit each particular audience. The social programmes include:

i to the middle class

nervous about its econo- mic security, an ideology that protected small shopkeepers and indepen- dent craftsmen against competition was offered. ii. to the commoners shock-

ed by the immorality of Berlin night- life and permissiveness of the youth, a programme which stated that the woman's place was in the home, cookin; for her

husband and raising his child, was devised.

iii. to the nationalists,

right or left, Hitler's condemnation of the Treaty of Versailles and his promise to restore Germany's military great- ness had a widespread echo,

iv. to the farmers, the Nazis

got their support by the doctrine of "blood and soil" and by pra“. ing. their virtues and pro- mising then practical subsidies in times of fallin prices.

A. i,iï and fil only, B. 1,11 and iv only. C. i and iv only.

D. iiiii and iv only. E. All of them.

(5) It was said that the

Allies pursued different. policies towards Germany from 1919 to 1939. These policies were:

1. Britain wanted to weak-

en Germany but was reluctant to see France dominating.

France wanted to weaken Germany, and was un- compromising in forcing reparation payments, in order to ensure her security.

iii. America returned to

isolation and rejected the peace treaty. Italy resented the award of the Versailles Conference, and was suspicious towards. France.

A.

1,íi,and iii only.

B. ii,iii and iv only. C. i,ili and iv only.. D. i,ii and iv only. E. All of them.

(6) Why did America join the

Second World War in 1941? i. Nazi submarine warfare

made the Americans angry. ii. The loss of Europe

alarmed the Americans. iii. German subversive

activities in U.S.A. aroused American resent- ment.

iv. In 1941, the American Pearl Harbour was attacked, therefore forcing America to join the War.

America decided to make herself the defender of democracy.

A. i,ii,ili and v only. B. ii,iii,iv and y only. 0. i,iii,iv and y only..

D. i,ii and iv only.

E. All of them.

ANSWERS

E (3)E (4)E

up his

ball-pen. "I (look) (10) for you all over this hotel for you,"ssid the middle-aged man. "Why (you, have) (11) *to hide in a small

room like this? How (you, expect) me to

find you?

Miss Lee (suggest) (12) (go) (13) for a swim at Shek-0. As she (be)

(14) the owner of a car, she (offer) (15) (drive) __(16)

destination, After we.

to our

(finish) (17). (pack) __(18) we (leave) (19)

the old brick house, (think) (20) \.. excitement we (have)

We

of the

(21) on the beach.

before we

Chicago.

to New York

A. have been / went

B. had been

vent

C. shall be

/ shall go

D. are

/ shall go

B. had been

/ would go

you the ticket

you

for under sep

arate cover.

A. sent / shall ask

B. have sent asked

C. would send / had asked D. am sending / were

asking

E. will send /would be

The dishes. A. are washed

B. are washing

asking

now

C. are to be washing

D. are being whshing

are having washed

Answers

General English Revision Exercise (1)

-1. C

2. D

3. E

4. E

5. À

6..B

7. D

8. A

英文(廿四)

魯榮光

9. B

10. D

11. C

12. A

English (24)

General English

Ilevision Exercise 2

I. Give the correct verb.

form.

Example:

I (soe)

yesterday.

him

I saw him yesterday.

1. That old man advised

his youngest son that he (travel):(1)】 and (see)

(2)

as much of the world as he (can) (3) before he

(4)

(settle) down, (point)

out that

(6)

(5) there (be)

many advantages that (gain) ____(7)_—_—_— by

a wider acquaintance .with the modern vorld.

B. At that moment, some-

thing (strike)_(8)

Sentences

1. She does not like

swimming, and neither does Henry.

(note the word order)

2. He buried the money'

where no one could find sit.

3. The schoolboy entered

the cave regardless of the danger to him— self.

(Wrong: The schoolboy entered the cave re-

gardless the danger to himself)

*regardless! is followed by of'. 'Regardless of1 means: pay no attention to'

4. Jim was such a good

swimmer that he broke the record.

5. You had better go

home now..

(After had better*,

Use the infinitive without 'to')