1975-11-24 — Page 23

刊特節期声教頁一第張大節日二十月十年卯乙厝 WAH KID

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Capital

D903 中學會考試題預習專欄

經濟及公共事務科 (二)・辛維

ECONOMIC AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS

Section A: Question One.

(2)

What are the factors of pro- duction?. What role does each factor play in the process of production?

Factors of production are the economic resources required for the production process. These factors are labour, land, capital and the entrepreneur. The fourth factor was not recognised as a factor product- ion by early economists, but it has now. assumed an important role in the modern foin of capitalist production Land

Land, in economics, is not only. a piece of ground, but it includes all kinds of natural resources like water, minerals, forests-----all the gifts of nature. Iand is essential for primary, secondary, and tertiary production.

In provides farm-lands for agricultural production and fishing

It grounds for fishing industry. consists of minerals such as oil, coal, metal ores needed for indust- mal production. It provides space

0903中學會考試題預習專欄 英文科 (三)

ENGLISH

阮士仲

(3)

Mechanics: (3) Imitating good sen-

tence mód él. .

Students can improve their writing by imitating good model Ben- tences. The basic idea is to copy sentence structures (not the content) Examine those models you choose to imitate carefully before you start and make sure that you punctuate your sentences in the same way as. the models. Here are some examples 1. Model: Her voice is ever soft,

sweet, and low.

Imitation: Her eyes are so large, so bright, and clear.

Model: The pen caught the residue in the inkwell, streaked a hair across the sloping handwriting, defacing the last word. Marguer- ite broke down. (Fan Su-yin) Imitation: The morning sun peeped out from behind the hills in the east, stretched his gold fingers. across the fields, bringing warm- th again to the earth. Darkness dispersed.

Imitation: A little boat sailed in the lake, drew a wake behind her, cleaving the water into two. Forward she went.

Imitation: His Reverence the Bis- hop walked up to the balcony, opened the Bible on the desk, reading the Psalms. Chanting followed.

Model: She had come back, she had come back for good. (D.H. Lawrence) Imitation: Catherine is beautiful, Catherine is beautiful in almost every way,

Imitation: Time passes, time

passes ever so quickly.

Imitation: The apple is red, the apple is red all over.

where production of goods and ser vices can take place.

Some economists considered land as a factor of production. That it

is:

1. strictly limited in supply for

its total area can not be increa- sed;

2. geographically immobile; 3. subject to the Law of Diminishing

Returns.

Labour

Labour is the most important factor of production. In fact, the whole production process is under- taken by labour. Without being developed by man, land and capi tal might remain idle or unproductive for minerals have to be extracted, farm-lands have to be cultivated, machines have to be worked on. Labour had been a dominant force of

With the production in the past.

advance of techmology and emergence of machinery, the importance of labour has been diminished; still t is an indispensable factor.

The supply of labour is affect- ed by: EN 1. the size of population,

2. She age and sex distribution of

the population,

3. the efficiency of labour.

Study

Exercise: Write a direct imitation

of each of these models. the model sentences carefully for their structures and do not forget to imitate the punctuation. The senterices you write must be of your own and on the topics you choose for yourself. You may do more than one imitation for each model.

1. London, a sprawling, new-old,

dark-gray city, disappeared in the fog.AMA

2. Character is like a tree and re-

putation like its shadow. The

shadow is what we think of it; the tree is the real thing. (A. Lincoln)

3. Call me Ishmael. (Moby Dick), 4. Whenever I find myself growing

grim about the mouth, whenever it is damp, drizzly November in my sout, whenever I find myself invo luntarily pausing before" coffin warehouses, and bringing up the rear of every funeral I meet, and especially whenever my hypos. get such an upper hand of me that it requires a strong moral principle to prevent me from deliberately stepping into the street and methodically knocking people's hats off then I account it high, time to get to sea as soon

(H. Melville)

as I can.

1976升中試專欄

日四廿月一十年五七九一层公年四十六服民鹼中

Capital is a means of product- ion by men not for direct consumpt- ion but to assist the production of other commodities. It comprises of factory buildings, tools, machines, raw materials, railways and docks, etc. Capital is created when simple tools and implements are made to assist man in making things. As such some economists refused to consider capital as a factor of production since basically it is a result of human labour, t

Capital is used together with land and labour even in the most

In elementary form of production. the production process, capital is needed:

1. to assist further production of

commodities;

2. to supplement and improve the

efficiency of labour;

3. To build up the infrastructure of

an economy;

4. to replace worn out or obsolete

equipment;

5. to facilitate the machanisation

of production.

The Entrepreneur

The entrepreneur refers to a person who is responsible for the organisation of work. Its import- ance has long been neglected. omists now point out that land,

Example: I have

book, a pen and

C. any

a rubber. (A. the B. some

D. a E. an)

An hotel is bigger than (A. some B. any

D. an E. a)

Don't be in such (A. the B. a. C. an

D. some E. any)

Are you studying in

university?

Econ-

labour, bapital will remiin unpro-

ductive without the entrepreneur to. organise thes three factors into a production unit. The entrepreneur makes decisions of what to produes, how to produce atd where to produce. In modern free-enterprise econo:ay, entrepreneurship is of vital import-

ance.

The main functions of the entrepreneur are: 1. Uncertainly-bes.ring. The entre- preneur has to face the risks of unexpected accidents like fire, rubbery in the course of product- Lot. He also has to bear the uncertainty of market conditions since he cannot be certain of what the market conditions will be in future.

2. Management control. The entre- preneur co-ordinates and organ- ises the economic activities within the firm. He supervises the day-to-day routine work." 3. Decision-making. The entrepre-

neur decides what commodities to be produced, the size of firm, the methods of production, and when to produce..

4. Marketing. The entrepreneur has to decide how the goods to be solu.

Question for next week:

What is private enterprise? Describe ito ad vantages and disad→ vantages.

11.

air is very important to us. (A. I B. Any C. An D. Some

E. The)

(D)

12.

Pupils should wear

uniform.

inn.

(A. any B. an C.

E. some)

the

12.

the

Tom was born in

Macao.

(A. some B. an

G.

D. the E.X)

hurry.

3. ()

(A. some B. any C. &

D. an E. X)

umbrella when

4.I put up

it rains.

(A. some B. any C. the D. an

E. a)

calm.

sky is blue and sea is

D. A

(A. any B. -some C. an

E. The)

You must tell me

(P. an Q. a R. any

T. the)

truth. S. some

6. ()

7.0)

7. We had got into the house

before

rain fell. (P. the Q an R. a S. any

T. some)

egg yesterday

C. any

apples.

Our hen laid

morning.

(A. the B. some

D. & B. an)

15. I haven't eaten

(A. the B. an C. a D. any

E. some)

14.

16. There are

gold fish in

the pond.

(P. some Tthe)

17. Hong Kong is

island,

(P. an Q. A

T. some)

18. The turtle swan

of the river.

bottom

(F. any Q. some

18. (

S..

a. T. the)

dollar

(P. Quan R.

some

19% 2

Ching lent me yesterday.

S. the T. any)

20. What ia

Q. the

name of your sobool?

R. an S. some

8.

There was

flash of

lightning.

智慧出版社主编、区

(P. a Q. an R the S. I

T. any)

9.

If you feel

doubt, you may

(Pa

Tan)

ANSWERS

ask.

英文科

(P. I. the R. any S. a

T. any)

1. D

2. B

ENGLISH (2)

10. Let us copy

next page

10. ( ).

6. T

too.

11. A

7, F

12. C

3.

8.9:

5.B

R

13. B

10.7

15.0

16. P.

17. P

20.0

(=)

Choose the correct answer and write the

LITER in the brackets.

(P. any Q. an R. a S. some

T. the)

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