1973-04-02 — Page 26

頁二第張七第日九廿月二年丑癸歷

*Y IN KAME

ろくく!

1973英文中學會考試題預習專欄

英文科 (十三)

English (23)

The last section' in this series. If articles cover the usage of English or, in actual fact, the words that compose the English language and how they A should be used..

It

It seems that there is little point in giving any definitions of the Parts of Speech. Firstly, because all of you have an English Grammar book somewhere in your bookshelves, collecting dust. is almost impossible to give a definition which is exact, compre- hensive and accepted by every Grammarian. Secondly, it is hardly necessary since the emphasis in modern English con- centrates more on usage than its rules; in other words, it is more important to know how these words behave and are used.

Preposition plays a large part in the structure of English. From experience, I realize it is the cause of many difficulties especially to Chinese students who are leaming English as a second language. Little guidance can be given in any grammar book as to which preposition is the right one to use for there is no logical reason why one is right in

wrong in certain context and yet another. A good dictionary may help but the best way to lear prepositions is by reading a wide selection of English books and practising it.

Prepositions are words used with nouns or noun equivalents to show the relation in which these nouns stand to some other words in the sentence. It may be a single word (simple prepositions) or two or more words (compound preposit- ions) or participial prepositions. Originally, they denote time place or direction. Prepositions to signify time & time relations. AT:- is used before words meaning

a certain moment.

e.g. At Christmas,

At New Year,

At noon, at dawn, at dusk, At night, at sunrise,

At sunset, at midnight,

At midday,

At one o'clock, at half

past twelve.

ON:- is used before the day of the

week or date.

e.g. On Tuesday, on Monday

night, on the first of March, on Christmas Eve, On New Year Eve.

BY: Usually 'at, by and on

indicate point of time. e.g. By Friday, by next June,

by morning, by midnight, by the end of Spring.

IN:- is used before words meaning

a period of time,

e.g. In 1973, in Junë, in the

morning, in the night,

In spring, in summer, In broad daylight, In mid-winter.

Care should be taken when using the following as NO prepositions are necessary when an adjective qualifies the Noun of time.

Every day, every week, Last night, last year, To-morrow night, to-morrow morning, Yesterday afternoon,

Yesterday morning, To-day, to-night, Each day, each week, each month, each year.

SINCE:-

e.g. Since 1973, since this

morning, since the end of June, since yesterday, since Monday.

WAH KIU YAT PO

郭日橋單

一期星

日二月四年三七九

得公車二十六里民章中,有教僈章

TOWARDS:

e.g. Towards noon, towards

night-fall, towards morning.

- 3 [102+1

9n

10

1973英文中學會考試題預習專欄:

IN AX WMEM

數學科

(廿三)

Throughout the whole week.

THROUGHOUT:-

g. Throughout 1972

Throughout summer

This group indicates a period of time.

FOR:-

e.

:DURING :-

For a whole week For hours

e.g. During the day, during

the night, during the war, during the holidays.

These prepositions indicate duration of time.

Tation of the preposit- a sentence varies. Usually, ion in it goes before the noun or noun“. equivalent which it governs. e.g.

Our team is playing at the government stadium.

But when the word governed by the preposition is an interro- gative which goes at the beginning: of a sentence, the preposition is usually at the end of the sentence e.g

Whom did you write to?

What are you talking about? Which room are you in ? Everything I said was Laughed

at.

He is a man whose word we all relied on.

Put in a suitable Preposition in the space.

1. Morning school begins twenty past eight.

2. Christmas Day is

December.

The birds begin to sing sunrise.

Fruits and vegetables are good.

health.

filled then myself.

6. He died

drinks

malaria.

a painful

7. You should pay more attention

the lesson.

I suffered. wound.

9. Are you interested

science?

10. 1588 is the year

Armada.

13.

the

a. rage.

He went away

these reasons I gave

up.

succeed.

this method you will

our astonishment he was not hurt. 15. The car was not

control.

MATHEMATICS (23)

Solution to exercise 22

(1) The condition that the roots

are equal is the discriminant. equals zero.

[2 (1+2)]

4(1)(9m)

4(m+ 2)2 36m

4m- 16m+16 36m

20m+16

5m

or 4

(1) λ2 + B2 = (d+B)2 - 2α B

29

(11) 13 + B3 = (α+B) (d2+B+B2).

43

(X+B)(Q2-XB+B2)

= (α+B)(α2 + B2-dB).

81

Inequalities.

A quantity a is said to be

greater than another quantity bif (a-b) is positive.

We have two kinds of in- equalities:

Consider x + 2x + 1 = 0.

This is true for all values of x because

+2x+1: (x+1) which is

It is called an non-negative. alsolute inequality.

· 4x + 3 > 0 is true for some value of x only and it is called a conditional inequality

The followings are some elementary laws:

Let a, b, c be real numbers.

then a + O (1) If ab,

If

BIO V

(2).

ab and > 0,

theni

ma >mband

a

m

(3) If

and <0, then

(4) If a (5) If

b and

(6) If a

b and c b4d.

band e

then a

then

then

C

(7) If a

then ac bd.

(8) If

> bo,

then

29 - q)

(9) If

fa

and

P(p

39)

where his

(iii) (X-B)

(d+ß)?

4dB

49.

(10) IF

and

20 Ja

4q

where - is the absolute value of d

If

(3) 1x + mx

B = -1

d

2n+1

then a

211+1

2n

positive integer 21 >o, then a

where n is a positive integer.

abo, then a

and 1a >b

where n is a positive integer.

(1)

The required equation is

Theorem

The arithmetic mean of any number of positive quantities not less than their geometric mean.

Examples

(1) Prove that (++++) (~73) >9

where a, b, c, x, y, z are

positive and distinct.

Proof: (++)/

금(즐 + 곰 + 등)> 슬공릉 (2)

( 1 ) x (2) ¦ (= + + + − ) ( ~ + £ + Z ) > 1

・・・ (梟+믑+음) (즘 곰) 793

(2) Solve x-

Solution: Put.

1)(x − 2)(x -

his

you.

X

the

16. I do not agree

7. The breeze blew

window. 18. He was punished

stealing. 19.

our way home it rained 20% The bus charged

speed.

EX. P

211

2nl

·full

(m

2n1

(4) The n term

th

5 x 10^-1

10

1.0

Then

= 5 [104-1

Complete the following by adding Prepositions.

a that time onwards, it

b her that nothing

appeared could be done

the matter.

d some months she had been hope f bringing about a re- conciliation:

Israel and Parkistan, but when she read the statement. h the newspaper complaining i... her interferr-

the matter that did n not concern her, it seemed useless to continue.

ence.

Answers-

EX. P

1

1. at.

11. in:

2. in

12. for

13. by

3. at

4. for

5. with

6. of

7. to/during 8. from

9. in

10. of

EX. P2

8. From

a. about

e. with

g. between 1. of

14. to

15. under

16. with

17. through 18. for

19. on 20. at

b. to

d. for

f. of

h.in

j. in

1.0 1] 2(107)

The (n-1)th term

The (n-2)th term

The 2nd term

3(102 - 1)

(10-11).

(10-2 - 1)

(1021)

(10-1)

The 1st term =

5+55 555 +

(10+102

55...5

1.02

n]

+1.01

!)-n]

3 [10(1+10+102 +...+

3(106100-12 - n]

3 [10 (n-1) - n]

5201

100+1

1 < x <2

2<x<3 x3

+..

47x

(x-2)

(x-3).

(x − 1)(x − 2)(x− 3)

or

Ans:

1< x < 2.

or x >3

6>

11x