三期星
growth..
very little growth.
日七月二年三七九一曆公年二十六國民華中
Lacking phospherus.. stunted growto
CITY HALL
育教僑華 頁三第張三第日五初月正年丑癸歷宴 WAH KIU YAT-PO
報日僑事
ろくく、
KEE
XX
Lacking nitrogen.
Seedling
"Dry cotton
1973英文中學會考試題預習專欄
主編
生物科 (十六)
Gas
jar
Glass
tubing Two-holed Cork Black
paper -Culture
Solution
Biology (16)
Answers to the questions of last week
Ans
(a) The seven elements obtained
in the form of salts which are fessential: for healthy growth
flowering plants include:
(1): nitrogen.
(2) phosphorus:
(3) sulphur
(4) magnesium
(5) iron
(5) potassium
(7) calcium
(b) The effects on green plants..
of the absence of various: elementa
mentioned above may be investigat- ed by, the use of the apparatus shown below-
司公運旅海七·報日僑華·空航華中 者讀報日僑華辦主合聯
團光觀島環灣台
Diagram Showing culture Experiment
Procedure:
A complete culture solution. was prepared as follows:- potassium nitrate..
potassium hydrogen phosphate
0.5 m.
magnesium sulphate,.0.5gm. calcium sulphate: Ferric chloride":
Distilled water
A
0.5 gm. solution.
2:ta 3:drops. ......1 litre. Then nine clean and sterilized gas jars with two-holed: corks were used. Sever of the jars were fill~ ed, each with one of the deficient solutions, an eighth had: distilled. water placed in it, while the last contained the complete culture
solution. The jars were wrapped 1- black paper. A number of healthy seedlings of the same size were
grown separately in different jars, and a glass tubing was inserter
into the hole of the cork of eacn jar for ventilation purpose Result:
. After a few weeks the growth of the seedlings in the solutions was observed as follows:
日二十月二:團春新曆農 日四十月四:團節活復
元十九百四千壹:粗華豪天十
- Solution
元十九百叁千壹:
租華豪天九
Result
Lacking sulphur..
Lacking magnesiumD-
Lacking iron.
Lacking potassium.
Lacking calcium
Conclusions:
th, leaves. and stem truned red. very little growth.a poor growth. leaves turned yellow.. poor growth, Leaves tumed yellow.
poor growth, leaves tumea yellow.
stunted gTOWM th, short prown roots.
From the above results it is found that nitrogen, phosphorus, gulphur, magnesium, iron, potass- ium and calcium are seven most essential elements for the health growth of green plants, and the defect: in the growth of plants can be caused by the absence of anyone of these elements.
2. Ans
(a) Three important, functions/of humus in the soil are:
1) to absorb and retain a lot
of water.
(2) to supply mimerār. salts
from decayed bodies of plants and animals form plant growth.
ito maintain soil fertile.
and supply soil with nitro- genous compounds.
b) Two reasons for a fertile coil: must contain oxygen are:
(1)' to help in the oxidation or
nitrogen to fôm firet nitrites, finally nitrates which are then absorbed: through root hairs by plants to provide sufficient oxygen for the breathing of soil bacteria and micro-organism which act in the nitrogen. fixation..
Complete culture, •normal growth (c)(i) Legume plants-- The
solution:
Distilled water
hardly any
roots of Legume plants:
have swollen root-nodules
which are packed with. millions of nitrogen-
fixing bacteriae.gi
Rhizobium. These bacteria
are able to convert free. nitrogen. in the soil at-1 mosphere into nitrogenous Compounds for the demand ! of plants and at the same.. time plants in turn supply carbohydrates to the hacteria. Furthermore the soil is fertilized by the decay. of the plant which intensifies the nitrate content in the soil..
(ii) De-nitrifying bacteria.
The bacteria obtain their energy by decomposing nitrogenous compounds e.k. Nitrates into gaseous
nitrogen. This activity is harmful to the soil be-. cause it reduces the fert- ility of the soil..
(iii putrefying bacteria----
The bacteria attack the dead bodies of organisms in the soil, and break down the nitrogenous compounds and protein in humus when respiring. Con• sequently ammonia gas, water and carbon dioxide are released. Some of thi ammonia gas escapes' into the atmosphere while.the rest amount of ammonia combines with salts such as calcium carbonate to form ammonium compounds The ammonium compounds are further attacked by other bacteria to form L: nitrites and then nitrates
Questions for this week)
With the aid of a simple diam gram describe the circulation of nitrogen in
naturei
(a) What is a saprophyte? Why、
is it important in nature? (b) Describe the reproduction
of a named saprophyte you Jhave studied.
(c) What are the similarities
between the saprophytic and parasitic modes of life?
10
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