1973-02-05 — Page 24

6

贊四第張六第日三初月正年丑癸歷夏

WAH KIU YAT PO

報日橋

K

1973英文中學會考試題預習專欄:

道英女春院主編

歴史科(十五)

History (15):

Revision Multiple Choice Exercise

The Late Ching Reform Movement

1. Which of the following were causes for the Manchu Reform

gramme in 19012

There were no other alter= natives for the court. Anti-Manchu and Anti-Tze- hsi feeling was strong by the turn of the century. III. There was a rapid decline

in Tze-hsi's personal

power especially after her flight to Sian,

foreign enc roachment was. endangering China more than ever after the Boxer. "catastrophe.

Japan's rise into power was an example of the

benefits of modemization

II only

III, IV and V only

C. II, III and Vonly

D. I, III and V only

E. All of the above

2.Who announced the policy or adopting "the.strong: points of foreign countries in order to nake up China's short-comings

A. Emperor Kuang-hsu

B.Jung-lu

C. Chang Chin-vig

D. Liu Kun-i

Empress Dowager,

5. Which of the following" were true aims of the education reforma introduced.

aimed at public: educati ion of the Chinese people It aimed at training and selecting officials mor effectively

III. It aimed at a li neral

education of the Chines individual;

TV It aimed at the gradual abolition of the old examination system:/

It aimed at the introduct- ion of Western knowledge.

I II and V only

B. II, IV and V only

III, IV and Vonl

D. I, II and III only

E. All of the above

欄

中講中饋;

文即何文卽黄 代

科惠叔科惠振

稿英惠稿中

件中先件中先郵

優寄

R

Which of the following was no' introduced by the Manchu between 1901 and 1911/4

A. The abolition of the "eight-

legged essayr

b: The establishments of a Nation ocal School System based on the

Japanese model.

Provision for the education

for women

The introduction of compulsory primary.education.

The conversion of the old- atyle academies into govem. ment shools.

Military reforms introdúcer. tween 1901-191.1 included

ETT

Abolition of the old-style military examinations.? Formation of the Board War.

Establishment of moderm military academies:

IV. Partial disbandment of the

Green Banners.

Building up of the saX

divisions of the Snge)

Army

∙P. II, III and IV only

Q. II and V only

III, IV and V on

S. I, III and V only

T. All of the above.

6. The general military growth was stimulated by some exterma.T factors. They were:

I The Russo-Japanese war of

1904-5.

TI, Russian amuitions 10,

Manchuria,

[IT, The Anglo-Japanese Alliance

of 1902

IV. The scrambles for Aluca.

V. The European arma-ment race II and III only

Q I, II and V only

R. II, III and IV onl

S. None of the above

T. All of the above

7. Many political reforms were carried out between 1901 and 1911. They included all of the following except

P. The establishment of Eleven Ministries replacing the tradition Six Boards.

A cabinet of ministers respon- sible to the Diet.

A constitution on the Japanese modelow)

The introduction of provincial and national assemblies. Franchise based on property and scholastic qualifications was carried out in the provin- cial assemblies

8. Fizancial reform was difficult because

A. it threatened so many individ→

ual incomes.

the fiscal, system was too

superficial and weak.

嶺珠同 大校

一齡播九牌

學的一切事宜。

在眾教師訓練班,健在小學教師能有進一步

乐屁近成立了一個課程發展組,研究在小星潮行 一種。爲了渭除教學的好本化及形式化i教育司 隨和環境的良好效育課程,是教育司的芯本職置 九月開始,實施了一項刷新本港教育史的嘗試

|質上加强,以配合發展的需要, 楊叮灣要,對兒 揚供一個適合他們年

·教育司 廣學生知證,加強學生開力, 已把劃線期由一年延長至11年,他從安排出在對上三百多名。 ,在提高師對質案方面,本港的三間教育學院修的機會。目前在骸類胡練班就讀的泌離我有

本港學生所受教育是否

•期星 日五月二年三七九一层公年二十六国民華中育執偶韻

the actual. tax collection: over the empire was largely unknown

there was no centralization of the taxes received..

E. except for Peking, none or the provinces had a single fiscal authority.

). By the social reform edicts of

901-1911.

A

B.

intermarriage between Manchus and Chinese was allowed

II. Campaigns were carried.out

against footbinding [II. Opium smoking was limited. IV. slavery was declared ill-

legal

, smoking and gambling were

Corbidden.

II, III and IV only

I and III only

III only say

D. I, II, III and IV ONLY E. All of the above

10. Legal reforms introduced by che Manchi government included::

A, the study of Western legal

systems

B. efforts made to enu, une, CUL

-ruption of magistrates

C. the abokition of torture ar

severe punishment

the promulgation of a new

Sriminal code.

E. the suspension of collective

responsibility.

Which is the exception?

il. The Manchu Reform Programme" vas responsible for the emergenc of the

A. landlord-scholar-official

gentry-class

B. landlord-military-sholar class landlord-merchant-official

class

0 military-merchant-scholar

gentry class. landlord-military class.

12, Which of the following were reasons for the failure of the Manchu Reform. Programme?

I. Financial bankruptcy after the Boxer movement hampered the execution of the refox

programme.

Centralization of power upon the court roused digm content of the provincial authorities.

Lack of Leadership after the respective death of Dowager and Chang Chih-tum The dismissal of Yuan Shih- kai in 1909.

Revolutionary movements under Sun Yat-sen's leader- ship were increasing caus- ing obstacles to the appeal for Chinese support

a. I and III only

B. I II, and Vonly

C. II, III and TV onl

D. I, III and V only

E. All of the above

灣仔來料

·港

學慈

行齡齡七無餘日學

年間校位,將

所褟目進童年政掇小小,教室

以厌總在進大麽驗 學學供

Part 11

The causes, major reforms and reasons for failure of the Manonu Reform Programmes

Empress Dowager decreed for the start of the Manchu Reform 'Pro gramme when she was still in Siax This was against her previous conservative attitude.

1) Need for the Program: Intemally= there was greav needy for reforms to satisfy the critna people as result of s

1) traditional racialistic

lislike of the Manchus by tne Han people

social inequality:

spread of revolutionary lucas, (e.g. Taiping Rebellion.

secret societies)

Both the self-strengunening. Movement & the Hundred Days Reform failed to strengthen China fundamentally, or te satisfy the people,

Externally- threats were revealed in her relation with the west.

5).the Scramble for Concessions

meant a threat of partition the Fowers.

6) the Boxer movement & the

resulted Allied invasion mean further humiliation & loss of prestige.

7 Since the local VUE ITLUSTU

to rescue Peking in the Allied. Expedition, there was need increased central control over the local Govt

Major Reforms:

Political and Constitutional) reforms

Military reforms

·Educational reforms

d) Economic and financial recorUS

e) Social reforms,

f) Legal reforms

Reasons for failure:

a) Lack of sufficient fir

support.

b) Lack of leadership because

i) Death of Empress Dowager.

and Chang Chih-Tung, li) Dismissal of Yan Shih-kai iii) Inability of Emperor Hsuar

Tung and Prince Chun

c) lack of support.

i) the Local Govt" did not

obey the central Govt. explicity.

ii) the suspicious Chinese.

refused to support becau. they did not trust the. sincere aim of the reforms. the anti-Manchu, Republicar Movement (Dr. Sun) had more: support of the people.

Answers (15).

2.

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摇全日制 學校與家庭的聯繫。 發熱,促進課外活動, 具及浙

,把好的改得更好,商的抛得更高。, 學工作,提高師真實案,助教育戢稅,及

中,盡可朗將位於學位足够的地區的官立小礫改..... 經改全日制,綠,致育司正在考慮,會稱跟元)致學方法。 兒童進入小學就黏法令外,更達到每一個適 節,安全以及童軍活動等等。 楊氏說:「提高質素並不表示現在的質素低 性活動,可娛樂身心,又可將奏磁性。

每年撥給小學敎育之政費出額楚達三億元。 除戴勵各校因學生年齡,能力和興趣而組織各種

·落,所以要設法提高,是希望百尺缁更進一步觀聽浟其是現代敦實上不可缺的工共,激ļ有一萬大貢獻。 ,教育司已經採取多瑣步發進行。例如:加強聯的圖片與電影,供各校體用。,人力來種和配合工商業的發展,勢必形成一

·根據粉氏透茲,爲贴一步提高小學教育質素現,該組設有電影,幻造成眏帶及與社目有關,其鬥按術人生的壓力必然岭强;如果没有足够合 育司罢设有祺聽教育組,給予各校在过方斜的帝 在官韋小握得學位。目前政府力推上述砥籠活動,作用在流和發展學生的志业又偏重組論鹊迷,眞正的適應發展中地區工 |七一年九月星华開始時,政府除通過施行浙追適 遥;謝營,游泳,此劇,但客比突,校際音樂一方面也顧全到工商業所需懂得實用的各方面扰

·政府在地加學位方面,我强大之成功。一九 外活動外,並每年舉辦校際球賽,還動會,土方面可到大學作爲訓理說人才的烧所,另 學

目的是使幼嫩兒童能有更多機會與秘主任接觸,文、英文、物理、化學、生物、艷史、地氆I 位,俄給六歲至十一歲的兒童就讓。目前全港

·教育司在過去多年來发力於提供更多的小限制。除術科外,通常一只由一位敦師負實,生興趣,那生們都麼一般的功集,例如數學、 ,將发多間適合的官立小學改爲全日制間長短及科目,與學生當時興趣而定,不受轉堂香港的中學教育本來在實全科訓練,不論學 so ao 。 小學目前已經改爲全日| 以新法教學 在低年級推行混合,要來源是中學畢業生,大意畢業生散工系最樂生 o o o o 梅官立、一麥爾斯、一間私立 孤外活動是學校生活無聲的一面,教育司署一學教育的分科世况。 於本年九月孝期開始時。該撞致擊方式以自由形式進行,教師授操行,繼公是一種不平有發乎現象, 【方法訊】教育可有意在未來的小學教育發展生活,同時設法使各罩、術科融合塲一赭體知,否病需工商所需,實是一個值得討論的問 根據助理教育前设有六間小學,目前本著有大間小學(門,就上述問題沒到結尾, 趣,指導學生善用時間,從事於有建世,創造「商還開術人力,只有專科職業學校了。今年香港

向蕙教育司的新式敦季 種行業都被其入力。一殺來說,工商要的人力主 理工学院的成立,在香港職業教育的發披上必然 咨 工商莱,會作進一步發展,工商策

一天力。一般出康事業生多硤泛專門訓練,而大

「文作者認爲:大力發展專科職的 來才開始有交理組之分別,這自然是爲了闭合大

等。據估計,香港的職業學校茶生只一萬人,這

該客文指出:在工商業迅速發展情况下, 中文大學新鼦書院間速從博士在一篇專文中

国際除

性糖

的助商

低

鼓勵各校設

0.0.0.0 o

然

得德智體、後,將機業者的發展為一組動。 必要得到家長的支持 和合作。含了道個霧「泡育的發展,不用高槊理論的梁對《那是大學的 期的均衡發展,舉校 起見(不只是大惠生的就缩水平而巳l),接了 -勰使兒童在學校」「夜頸」狀態,以致影響對香港經濟的鷸區。今 適應工商業所带人力起見,三謝應在東專科機網 張文又講:爲了芟群定和提高一般就業水平

A B C D 分科視學入發兵各校有密切接觸,能對各校格于满而然而互相了解和合作,間接帮助损商激脊的,其張石知識的任務。 家長教師會 分七行政區 九鼎行,目的是使,及不時執行家庭訪問,使家長國學校之間, 阿業所帶:大學生則可較偏重現論的制規,但當 o en r育可郚時別就勵各官立小學設立家長洲部分酸度),而職業拔術的訓練,這医雷 電除以上各項指雄外,教育司湛並於跟餘開襟,可代式。在西鄉,大學教育目的自明不是酸菜間 歐洲某科職業教育的發展十分成功:西需

院小行于使料親,校

更為重要

翛 轱認爲職業專科教育 在就業意義上 似較大專教

新亞書院閔速蜀博士事文前

(特訊】将生就業形和所受的教育是

練,而是知識的探討。一般风求實務訓練的人,

在中學就可選定某些專料配校攻,雖然了位,

學海

的强求,另一方面也可穩定整個社會就葉水平。 投入工商界服務,一方面可以溯了工商需人力 科的發展,在就愛上的,似乎較大赛致臂的 更加摈-透將兩三年專科樂教育,可 人只好就業,少数人放神或誼私立學院。康樂專 限。今年,藉大約千名,中大約七百七十嗽- 一個進入中大機會。其餘學生何去?相低大多数

但到更受工商所漸迎,樂於僱用。 就從中學生升坐證會來看,兩開大量學額

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