1972-03-16 — Page 27

育教僑華頁三第張七第日二初月二年子壬陽旗YwHALL

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1972英文中學會考試題預習專欄

堅道英文書院主編

生物科

Biology (20)

THE BLOOD

(CH)

COMPONENTS OF BLOUD AND THEIR FUNG -

TION

The mammalian blood can be divided into two main parts, namely, the plaspa which 18 the liquid part, and the blood cells which conetutute the solid part. There are 3 main types of blood celler they are the

1

Erythrocytee or red blood. corpuscles (cells);

Leucocytes or white blood corpuscles or cella. wad

the

Thrombocytes or blood plateleta.

This is the liquid part of the blood occupying 55% 10 volume, and is colour- less or slightly yellow in appearence. It is composed wainly. of water, dissolve ing in it are

ro numerous chemicals, inclu- ding:

food substances such as glucose, amino acids, fatty acida and glycerol, vitamine and minera. salte

excretory waste products like) urea and uric acid

dissolved gases ae uxVken, a carbondioxide,

hormones, antibodies and other blood proteins etc. (Most of these chemicals are organic- compounds which are relatively stablej that is why they can

together without causing ang trouble. Thus we may re- gard each of these chemicals as ons functionally separate from, and not affected by the othera.).

Function The plasma 18 UNOS to carry these chemicale from one part of the body to their destinationa.

Blood celle

Flagma

(nucleus

rythrocytea

88

thrombocyto

-leucocyte

Blood CeLB-

in Plasma

The blood cells constitute abou 45% in volume of the blood.

(1)

Erythrocytes of

red blood corpus- cles — (B.B.C.). These are micromed pic cells taking the form of biconoave discs with a thick margin and a depress Bion on each side. They contain no nucleus and constitute over 90% of the blood cella. Dissolving in the cyto- plasm of each cell in a reddish pigment

(called haemoglobin (which is an iron- containing protein). (The BC. of other verte-brates possesses a nucleus). (The blood appear yellowish when dil uted).

Function

name daomugayuan ki wered blood cells (R.B.C.) helps to carry the oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body in form of oxyhaemoglobin.

Oxygen

Formation

Bammoglob

in Lunge

Oxyhaone- in tiesas globin.

R.B.C. are formed mainly

in the rad bone marrows;, and partly

in the spleen,

Life of B.3.C. — They can function for about 3 months and then will be deatro- yed in the liver and the

spleen.

types

Leucocytes or white blood cells corpuscles) -- They are colourless. an appearance & there are several of them. Some have their nuclei divi- ded into several lobes and bear pseud- opodia and are called phagocytes, whils some others are aperical with a large distinct nucleus called lymphocytes. "They are present in much; fewer number

as compared with the .B.C. Function'.--.

The phagocytea can eat- up" or kill the Karmfùl. Micro-organisma gained

Formation

into our bodies

報日僑華

Some leucocytes can prom duce antibodies used to destroy the harmful chem- icale

present in the blood, such as the antitoxins against the toxins (poi- sons produced by harmful

bacteria etc. within the blood)..

Leucocytes are formed

mainly in the bone marrOWE, but the lymphocytea. are

produced in the lymph boase (lymph glands.)

(3) Thrombocytes or blood platelets~

The mute fragments of pro

They are

oplasm which contain no nucleus..

Function The thrombocytes are rea- ponsible for the formation of blood clot at the wound. Formazion

They are also produced in the bone marrows,

Blood Clotting

Substances in the blood responsible

for the clotting or

Thrombocytes

fibrinogen

Vitamin K.

The process of blood olotting.

prothrombizi

calorum

When the blood 18, exposed to the air

or damaged tissue at the wound the blood platelets disintegrate (break down) setting free an enzyme called thrombokinase,

Thrombocytes.

- thrombokinase

axmared iteÄus

(2) The enzyna, converse me procuromdan

thro (prothrombase) into thrombin base) which is another enzyme, in

resence of calcium.

Prothrombi

thrombokinae

cium (as co-enzyme).

(3): In the presence of the enzyme throne

bin, the fibrinogen is changed to colourisas fibres called fibrin over the wound. These fibras trap some red blood cells and white blood cel and dry up to form the clothe

Fibrinogen

fibria

blood

Formation of prothrombin from its prec-

ureof requires the presence of vitamin K.. Thia takes place in the livar

II, CHANGES OCCUR TO THE BLOOD AS IT

PASSES THROUGH DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE BODY

(A) Among the tissue calle all

“body s

Digested food substances from the alimentary canal and the oxygen:

from the lungs are passed from the blood into the tissue cells.

food & oxygen

tissue cells

The carbondioxide and other dies solved waste products of metabolian

from, the tissue.. are passed back cells to the bland for limination.

co, & waste, productE

Tissue calls

(B) in various organs or tissues

In lunge

lood

Carbondioxide dif- fuses into the lungs and at the same time oxygen is taken up by the blood.

In liver) Excess glucose in the blood is passed into. the liver and converted into glycogen for stor age of vace versa. Harmful or unwanted proteins (amino acida) and some other foreign, substances are absorbed by the liver and changed: into harmless forme such. as urea and uric acid,

These harmless. Haates: are of no use, and are eturned to the: for elimination Alimentary canal: Digested food. Bub stances such as amino acide and aim- ple sugars, together with the vita mina, mineral salta and water are absorbed into the blood from the gut.

Kidneys: The waste products of met- abolism such as urea & uric acid, together with some water and salts are passed into the kidneys for elimination.

Endocrine glands(Hormonal or duct- less glands) The hormones produced by the endocrine glands are passed, directly into the blood.

Muscles: Some of the excess glucose can be passed to the muscles and. etored in form of lycozen as the liver.

DESFINTESR

,香港和十字南近年來,他不必阿媽挺助,亦有獲得本基金受極的機會。 WATER.EE KATZOU PAS

HOHORITAKERELA

桉,上站所有·琼 BESCHER

葛量洪獎學基金

一之號做;此外九湖

有守特攻學校,由雅

-CN=GN

#12 ANAWE

官當摩椅外,額之等

有馬對的,富商王「循他的熱潑。作出數項規定。務令只有家圾站員、 有多人基不需國語援助的。因此非亞瑟比食仅供 : 他說:梣數署長如指借,年內將墜金得獎人。

共有情 日之獎學金僅家境清貧者始能獲得

(沿东優秀的學生,可望岩茵會得到 邱欧司唔要是昨日在立法局會議上,將張

將增榮譽獎學額

四期星日六十月三年二七九一展公年一十六國民華中

前部

撕家

本港弱能兒童教育

有此股,化繁育哥著

濟援助 「弱能兒童入嘅求,但有機會。參與各纸科技知識改遊產品 一此訴學校尚未完全滿足之關儅兒童,將獲得教堂不過展,必英塗用 |計有卅一概能隔露候渻|龍兒童致臂汪可能之將,愆子於發展級齒。發營

·飛近之珧數代,目前,開的游力合作,本池潮洲於求,故尘华香北之 KEENEX E *· [SKØK· 20 } <# • TRSPOIL

(CR)KRE, IRONSSEKONTERWEGES 設之學校:其中廿四間接受政府經 目前計有卅一間特別爲缺陷兒童而 一日測,而數紙電子稔品

年來續有進展

·加。在一九七八年時3

四校,低

月,三所就學友,九間】 | 學校中,其中包括兩所 將於一個「微妣子技術比較。 醫院學校,一開犁現「心一位發言入,由於中心舉行。: 自選學校,七批及北市銷售之關係,“此研討會將於三月 在目前州一間的別致肾,英梅鎮區綿狀史密夫,與鄰近國家的恇子荣的

·UE-DROKSNE + WL ELKE MCK HECBSE 特別政育之目的,一九及香福树代設計低理培安料,以 CREEPSCPRBESCs

業研的金夏 子作品人生谈技巧及部 右做公司研討會上並將論及香港。

中文中學會考試題預習專欄

1972

數學科 (二十)一張正邦一

第十九次預習題解答

化下列諸式為簡單分項分式,

2 X + I

··(X-2)(x+3)·

2X+11

́ ́ (X-2)(x+3)

・雨端(X-2)(x+3)得

2x+11=A(x+3)+B(X-2)

· 19 4+11=A(2+3)

A = 3-

3 Y=-37

(x-2)(x+3)

設

273-572-12

6+1| −8 (−3 −2)

X+3

行壁九廿月本:

討業電

研子

***

·此研究會將會向伊

2x2=3x-2=A(x-1) = (x+3)2+ BX (X-1)

× (x+3)2 + CX ( x + 3)2 + D X (X-1)^(x+3} †EX(X-1)2(x+3)+ FX (X-1)2

(A + B + D) X2 + (79+8B+ C+ 4D+ B)X

· (2A-188-96+2D+E+F) X2 - (18 A-27 T12D+E+2F)I^—(27A+27B-276-90.

36 - FJX+ 27A.

A+B+D=0

·TA+8B +C+AD + E = 0

2A-188-96+2D+E+F=0

| PR - 2/C + 12 D + E + 2F = -2 218 +278-276-9D-3E-F=3

21A== 5内解得

B

F=

256(x-1) = 64(3-1)2

·6712(x+3) 288 (x+3)2 - 48(x+3)*

277

求人之三次敷歯す=23時

最之鳥寒学10時函数値6當

1974 ** {(x)=(ax+b)(8-2) (7-3)

X(2x=5x-12)

7=1.0, 33322130K

X(2x+3)(X −4)

·A=0, 6=(0+b)(0-2)(808)

*(2x+3)(x-4)=x+2x+3 +1-4 ante devs X(2x+3)(8 得

X-1=A(2X+3)(x-4)+BX(1-4)+C(2x+3,

$X=0.1} -1=A (3)(-4), A=12. X--2--1-3-1-8(-3)(-3-4)

3x=419 4-1 = ((4)(8+3)(=

-2x-3x2-12x=12x-33(2013)* 44(x-9

X+PX+8 (x−a)(x-b)(X-C)

314 8X X+PX+8

A

(x-a)(x-b)(x-9) A-9 X-b

}) (x− a)(x-b)(x-9)£A£6 1 (+PX+8=A(x-6)α-c) +B(x− a)(x−c) + ((xe)(x-5

x-a a2+pa+8=A(Q-b)(Q-C)

a2 + ap+ 8 (a-b)(a-c)

A=

ĕX=b, b+bP+q=B(b-a) (b-c)

B = b+bP+q

(b-a)(b-c)

(c-a)(c-b)

a2+ap+8

X = + P X + q (1-0)4-(1-0

??a_b) (Q-c)(x −q)

b+bP+8

b=1

X=1, 12 = (a+1)(1-2) (1-3) Q=

+x) = (X+D[7-2)(1-3) 63243253 b 以三邊表半角函數

104- 35 E Smilt _ / _s_b)(S-C)

Smza

Sm

OF+FD=

its CEDmats EFD

2 ECD & 4 FED S

CRA

COA

62+c2 a

bc

مین کامل ہے۔

OF

la+b=cja b+c)

{Q+b+C−2€)(a+b+6=-

46c 2(5-6) 2(5-6)

469

Sm₤=/(5-62(5-9

+111

Chef Co€ Co.

- + cp + q

a)(b-c)(x-6)

2x-3x-2 X(X−1)2(X+3)3

()(c-b)(8-()

試證

3x 2x2-3x-2-4+

X(X-1)2 (X+3)3.

(((-1)2 + 2 + 3 + (x+3)= + (x+2)

Cis &

れま馼成調和波野求諧若者數減」

火中咱之半其结果成等比級數

+ Px Q?, b, c2 6 Q /b+]

You & DAEW

JOTAT