1972-03-13 — Page 27

育教頁三第張七第日八十月正年子壬屉夏 WAH KIU YAT PO

REFERÈNCE LIBRARY

13 MAR 1972

報日

CITY

HAL

一期星日三十月三年二七九一年一十六國民華中

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1972英文中學會考試題預習專欄

經濟及公共事務科 (十九)

Beonomic And Public Affairs (19)

Question:(1) Give an account of the work and functions of the Social Helfare Department.

Poverty exists in many forms and In many places down the ages. Stories of people hit by natural disasters such as

disaster typhoons, floode, fires and the collapse of houses of families whose breadwinners ara struck by tragedies, of people bora crippled or deformed, are endless, Tha government of the country has to look aftor these people; failing to give all assistance possible to enable them to lead a happy, healthy life as led by normal people would elicit strong criti- cisms from the community.

In Hong Kong, the Social welfare. Department exists to assist the poor and the unfortunate and its work is therefore no easy task, considering the fact that there are as many poor people as there are rich," There are three principal fielde of work done by the Social Wele fare Department. They are child and youth welfare services, special welfare services and relief work, and we shall tackle each in detail,

Day nurseries are run by the Child Welfare Section. These nurseries socep? children whose mothers have to leave them while they go to work. In each Aursery the children are taught, fed and brought up as they are at home, These children, in fact, grow up in a healtheir atmosphere as there are prop- erly trained nurses to look after then. They also learn to live, study and plar with children of their own age,

Children found in public places Kare also brought to the Social Welfare.

Department, whose cage workers, -with the help of the police, try to trace the parents of these children. The Sociai Kalfaze Department will also consider - applications for adoption of these phil- dren by decent fasilien. There are also voluntary organisations doing similar work. To ensure that there is no conf- lict or undus overlapping in the work done by these organizations, the Child Welfare Section has kept a close conte aot with these organisations.

Young women who have lost their honan, or who have been convicted of urisinal offences, are of special inte erest to the Social Welfare Department. "However bad a person is, he or she is capable of being reformed" in the firs belief of many a social worker, and i is this belief that has perhaps inspired their work, and when this belief turas out to be true, that is the way the work of social workers is rewarded, Thus, it can be clearly seen that the outablis- inent of the Social Welfare Department is, among other ideals, to develop a better society for all of us to live, and to enjoy a happy and healthy life.

Sach women as we have described are given proper care and protection by the Women's and Girls! Section which? runs training centres. Girlr who have been brought up inforally, through their daily.contacts with the "bad #lements" of mooiety, notably the "seddy" boy and girls or members of "triad, soofst¬ ies, are patiently rehabilitated. They are shown how to lead a decent lifes they are also given courses which will promise then a working place in society. when they leave the centre. If these girls are homeless, the Social Welfare Department will try to arrange another voluntary organisation such an tho

T.M.C.A. Or the Po Leung Kuk to ac00

Commercial subjects such modate them. as typing, secretarial practices, stan~ ography and certain trades like tailor- ing and laundering are taught at the day training centres.

Young people who are unable to attend schools, run the risk of not only wasting but also abusing their apara. time, They may turn to evil deeds, and thereby cause the problem of juvenile delinguency in Hong Kong to deteriorate. Thus the Youth Welfare Section organisaa youth clube to provide educational reor- sations for Hong Kong's underprivileged youths. Sports like badminton, volley- ball, basket-ball, fencing, athletics are organized for them. Organizations that provide similar youth activities such as the Boys' and Girls' Clubs As« sociation, the Scouts, the Girl Guidon, Y,M,C.A., and the Federation of Youth Groupe, have kept close contact with the Youth Welfare Section, again to pre- vent any overlapping in their work.

Very often the magistrate in the court is uncertain of the proper course, of action he should take when trying the case of a juvenile delinquent. He there- fore, seeks the help of the Bocial Nel-

fare Department. There are specially trained social workers known as proba- tion officers who will, at the request of any magistrate or judge, write reports

of the family background of the accu- sed and the circumstances surrounding hie crime,

The probation officers can recon- mend to the court the proper course of action to take very often a juvenile delinquent is placed under probation, which means that during a certain per- iod the delinquent, is assigned to a certain probation officer who will try to reform him. Sometimes the delinquent is sent to a reformatory school, ran by the probation Section.

Another section of the Social Wel- fare Department, the Special Welfare Services Section, looks after physically handicapped people." This section absists and trains them to overcome their handi- cap, and very often, the social workers are assisted by the Hedical and Health Services Department which gives advios on treatment or therapy. LIS

Social Welfare workers attached

to the Emergency Relief Section offer assistance to victims of natural digas- tera. They register those victims, give them food, blankete and emergency shel- ter, The Resettlement Department wili later provide these victime suitable ao- commodation. The Outdoor Retlief Sec- tion runs velfare centres which supply free meals for the noody and destitute people. Those who have their own cook- ing facilities are supplied with dry rations. At North Point and Morrison Hill are two relief camps which are zun by the Relief Camps Section. These two camps are hoze for the aged, the blind, the unemployed or the homeless, Certain trades like carpentry and gardening are taught to these people.

The work of the Social Welfare Department se essentially focussed on the relief of the sufferinge of the poor. The Department has brought. com- fort and happiness to thoao, who through no fault of their own or through a moze. ent folly, lest these inherent gifts. The Social Welfare Departmant has alwaya believed that "poverty anywhere will affect prosperity evarywhere", and has thus endeavoured to eliminate poverty from the community,

Canation:(2) "ina ori gat mora suocans --

in life frða a university. education than from A TECH ondary school education. Do you agree to this statem ment? State your ressOND.

university education does not necessarily promise one greater, OUCOSES in life than a secondary school educa¬ tion, but it does provide one a greater opportunity to be successful. Much, however, depends on the individual pez- formance and the individual ability of. the student, whether he graduates from a nacondary school or a university,

A university graduate has to look for a job as much as a secondary school graduate, the only difference, perhaps, being that one looks for a more pleasant job if one has a university aducation, but it would be wrong to say that a university education gives one a moro. important job to do.

411 jobs are important. Can one say that the job of a Urban Servicom Department worker is less important than that of a doctor? Beth are con- cerned with the problem of health; whila. the former kespa the city clean thus pre- venting the spread of disease, the lat- ter oures those who are sick, thus also preventing the spread of disease. TOMA say that one is more important than the other is unkindly unfair. But it would be correot, of course, to say that a doctor's job is more pleasant, and more rowarding, monetarily that is, and the work of the U.S.D. worker is unpleasant and less ainetarily rewarding. But to eneer at a U.S.D. worker by calling hia names such as a garbage collector is wrong. For all we know he may look upon us as nothing but garbage produc-

:

As no one type of work can be con- sidered as more important than another, can we say that a university education nakes one more useful to the community and therefoza given and more success in life? N

At Service to the community does not

depend on the type of educational back- ground one has, for if that is so,

there must exist enough universities in the world for all the people. The desire to serve the community comes from our cun hearts, willingness and enthusiasa; and, above all it comes from our philanthropie attitude towards mankind. We can make a success in life, whether we have a university education or not, as long as we can contribute something to the bet- terment of our communityönt

No doubt, it cannot be denied that the university can give us a broader education and make us realise our duties and obligations towards society. It. oan also develop our inbora abilities: and thereby increase our knowledge and

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window, so that when we enter the com mercial world, we can contribute more to the progress of the country, but now successful we are in life will largely depend on how well we serve the community There are countless university graduates vho are unsuccessful in life, and on the other hand, there are secondary Bchool-leavers who have made a Rae for themselves.

The choice of the right career will eventually determina qur success in life and not the educational training we have received, although it may play a part if it does. It is true that our educat- ional background can, but not necessarily.

will, help us to work well in the COM- munity.

There must be hundreds and thou- sands of university degree-holders who are working in jobs that do not interest thom the least, buz they are compelled to accept these jobs in preference to unemployment. They certainly demonst- rate the fact that a university educa- tion does not provide one a steady, or rewarding job. A university degree oerm tainly does not guarantee one a job nor does it promise one social security. On the other hand, there are secondary school-leavers, whom fortune seis fit to favour, and who are able to require jobs that interest them, and through their determination and perseverence are able to rise from the ranks to oc cupy executive positions in well-known firms. 7

Choosing the right career to match one's personal qualities, notably, one' temperance, interest and the required abilities for that particular career, is in fact, considered as the key to one's success in life. One must guard against the danger of trying out every Job in the community before deciding to adopt. a particular one for good. It would mean that one'” time and energy completely wasted while "rolling from one stone to another," While one in

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今天是小弟弟的生

款:不要买

at school one should cultivate a keen interest for the various types of care- era that exist in the community, and endeavour to dig out every bit of in-y formation about these careers from svory possible source and than with the guidance and advice of the Careers Kan- ter or Mistress of the school, decide to take up a particular career and then

upon leaving school work religiously towards that career.” In this way one can get more success in life.

The abilities of the individual student are more vital to his work than the degree or the certificats he holds. Can he organise projects and carry them out succesfully? Can ho lead others? Gan he manage important affairs and bus- iness? In short, does he possess organ- isational, leadership and managerial ab- ilities? These abilities can be acquired through a systematic course of study, as well as from actual experience. The un- iversity existe primarily to develop the intellectual powers of a person, with a view to helping him to attain these abilition; but if a person turns out to be incapable of receiving higher educat- ion or unable to apply his knowledge to his work in the community, he will dem feat the aim of a university education.

school-leaver in possession of t these abilities is just as capable an a university graduate in his work in the Dommunity.

In fact, he 18 more useful to the Community than a university graduate who remains a bigot all through his life, leaving everything for others to think for him, for he will never think.

One can get more success in lire xx one knows what one is doing; if one knows how to value knowledge and experience, if one knows how to play his part in the community; if one knows how to live with others. In a word he should know or should think he knows what life is.