1972-02-27 — Page 11

REFERENCE LIBRARY

育教僑華 頁三第張三第二日三十月正年子壬暦夏 WAH KIU YAT PO

報日橋港TY HALL

。開發方個不

日期星 日七十月二年二七九一曆公年一十六國民華中

1972英文中學會考試題預習專欄

堅道英文輝院主編

經濟及公共事務科 (十七)

Econonia and Public Affaizn (17)

Question (1) What do you understand by

"Social Security"?

How does it apply to Hong

·Kong?.

In Hong Kong "Social Security" ban come to mean a system of protection provi- ded by the Government for workern employed in both industrial and comercial enter-

Social Security ensures that the prises. Tights of the ordinary workers are protea- ted and promoted. It also implies that there is economic justiae för all; it provides reasonable working conditions and Batisfactory wages for the workers,

In Hong Kong, not every worker is protected by law. In fact most workers are not. People who work in factories are more fortunate than those who work elsewhere especially in shops, for fact- ory workers can depend on the Labour Department to look after them. This department is given the responsibility of maintaining satisfactory labour-pana- gement relatione in industrial places of work, as well as settling disputes batweca workers and their employers.

Nothing, however, is dona by anyono, not even the Government, for thoạs who work in local shops, the rights of these workers are never protected.

these workers have no economic rights at -milf Most of them work up to 14 houra

'per day, 363 days per year on wages arccia

$280 per month,

Factory workers ara under the proteo, tion of Labour Laws and Factories Acts. For instance women and young people 'emp= doyed in factories are protected by the Factories and Industrial Undertakings ..... Ordinance, so that no one under the age of 14 is employed in a factory and these between 14 and 16 of age are not allowed to work for more than 8 hours a day, LOPA are they allowed to work overtime, and that they must be given one hour of rest. for every 6 hours of continous work. Young people employed in shops as mester- ger-boys or errand-boys never expect to have any form of reste. Some of them even do not have a decent place to sit. Linother law, the Workmen's Compensation Ordinance, prescribes the amount of com pensation an industrial worker is entitled to receive in the event of his being inje ured or fallen seriously slok while at work.) Most factory workers have formed. trade unions to denan respects or observ— ance of their rights, and where there is suspected injustice, these workers can always use one of the most effective weapons to get what they want and that ds by holding a strike,

Shop employees have never organised themselves to achieve their goals, nor have they formed trade unions to defend their rights. Nobody neema to take any interest in the welfare of these workers, and they, left to themselves, can expect very little, if ever, to be done to imw prove their working, and thereby, their living condi tä one. For them, the ter "social security" is good as dead. It is obvious therefore that the Govern ment should examine the plight of these. workers and pass the necessary legisla ion to give them some form of social security. 4. Ships Act (or Shop Employ- ses' Ordinance) appears to be the only solution. A

Another group of people in Hong Kong can also be described as without social security This group is made up of all teachers employed in private schools, Although they are employed on contract which is renewable,...in "most"

tomsen, year. after year, their prospects remain dim. They cannot afford to be sick, for when they are sick, they lose their salariog for those days they are sick. Of course there are private schools who care for their staffs, hat the number of such ""good" schools is limited to a few well- known ones, Majority are operated on a profit-making basis. In order to make ende meet, most teachers have to take up as many as 60 or more teaching per jode per week, and their future still remains black and uncertain. There should therefore be a strong, influenc ial teachers' trade union, as in England to protect the rights of the teachers. Until thera is such an organization, most teachers, especially those who are only "permitted" to teach, will live without mocial security, By Wives who find their husbands dy- ing without leaving them any financiaļ support lead very tragic lives. Here again, is another example of how badly Hong Kong needs social security. Shoul- dn't there be something like a Widowa' Fund to help every poor widowa? Again in England there is social ssourity for Widows as well as orphans. Why shouldn Hong Kong have done form of social sec- urity for the poor, after all isn't Hong Kong a Crown Colony of Great Britain?

Again, in Great Britain the g vern- went has provided a National Insurance

scheme to improve the conditions or avary British citizen. The scheme Pro- vides all types of social benefits: such as free medical treatment, pensions, and uneoployment allowances, Shouldn't Hong Kong have a national insurance scheme, too, especially for the poor workers? Let's hope that the Govern

ment will take a keener intereat in the welfare of the workers, by ensuring

that they are never exploited by those who are unscrupulous and who are out

to make a fánt buck.”

JUGOTION=(2)

Answer:

Given a description or the wowkane functions of the

Secretariat for Hous Affairs. As our population is made up of 99 per cent of Chinese; it is essentially important that the Government has an efficient system of link between the

Chinese people and the Government depart-. mente so that the people can understand Government policies and measures and the Government can understand the ▼AMB, ideas and wishes of the people * Lọ

sotáblich this link and maintain it the Government has therefore set up the Soo- retariat for Home Affaire, since 1949, tuna making it one of the oldest depart nesta within the Hong Kong Government.

The principal goal of the Sacratar- it for Home Affairs is to cultivate. eutual trust between the Government and the Chinese population, in order to pava the way for greater understanding and co- oparation between the two parties. This is done by sending Assistant Secretaries for Hora Affairs to attend meetings of local organizations such as the Kalfong Associations, the Tung Wah Group of Hoa- pitale, so that their very presence, acım uras the public of Government's interest in their welfare, and more important, to enable the Government to learn what the nosta of the people are. Each day, there are individuale or groups who make their way to the office of the Secretar- 18t to consult the Assistant Secretaries for Hose Affaire on a diversity of sub- jeats in connection with their liveli- Loods, and these people have never been disappointed, nor have they ever been turned-away without receiving the sagip➡ tance they first soughts

In the past the Secretary for Home Affalta used to arbitrate in industrial disputes, but today, the Labour Depart- mont bas taken over this work, although there are people who still prefer the Secretary for Hona Affairs, to dot as the arbitrator. However, domestic disputes ars still referred to the Secretariat, which also investigates and Battles min- or disputes between landlords and tenánde It provides two Tenancy Inquiry Bureaur in fulfilling this function.

Chinese hotals and boarding houses, Chinese books, newspapers, nove agendies must be registered with the Secretariat for Hone Affairs.. It also issures per- mite for Chinese oslebrationg, and lice- noes for fireworke, liquors and it also carries out research work in the field of Chinane culture and hietory as well as art and craftsmanship.

Da

The Secretariat also maintains the rict Watch Force, which investigates pr vate complaints. The First District Watch Force was formed in 1869 when Dia- triot Watchmen were appointed and patd by the public and controlled by the

Escrotary for Home Affairs who was anni- ated by a Committee of prominent citizens known ea the Chinese District Watch Com- nittoo. This Committee was disbanded after the Second World War.

2 Tia, Szoretary for Home Affaire has cörtain duties in respect of the adzin- intration of the Tung Kah Group of Hos pitals, because thead hospitals were in fot founded through the ipint, efforts of a Secretary for Home Affairs and group of local prominent citisens in the vicinity of 1879. Leading Chiness organisations such as the Confucian, Buddhist Clenesan's District, Kaifong, Taoist and Women's and multi-storey organizations also work very closely with the Saoratariat for Home Affairs..

The Department also supervises Chinese cemeteries and temples and

other charity organisations besides the Tung Wah group of hospitals such as the well-known Po Leung Kuk, This departm ment is also given the power to hold quasijudical inquiries into deportation cases under the Deportation of Aliena Ordinance.

Within the Secretariat for Home affaire, exist several committeen to advise Government on the administration on the Chinese Charity, education und welfare funds, including other types of fundo, amounting to over $12,000,000- Since 1968, the Secretariat has been giver another important responsibility - that of administering the City District Offi- cera' scheme, whose head is the Deputy Secretary for Home Affairs, The Public Faquiry Service also comes under the direction of this Department.

The fact that most Chinese inhabit- ante are mora familiar with the work and functions of the Secretariat for Home Affairs than any other govenment depart- mente is clear that the Secretariat for Home Affairs has achieved its goal of winning the trust and respects of the Chinese population, and this has helped considerably for both Government and the people to work togather to bring about:

more progressive community.

之間。

得 政 草 府頭菸

「也超過七億元。

網經費預算會超過七億元之祖。 「來說,本港冰育的發展,滿真相出色。 萬元,而民年度之戰育郳要遠未能有準硃統計,

一與世界先進國家比載下仍有不遠之處,但在亞洲 行下,擁有成就,各級及育獲得媸勃發展,雖則,將嘅受到。 二百萬元,較六九年至七〇年多出一億落二百,發其所計創的實施,七」至七二年的中學教關 「一方应不遺餘力。在下一年度而言,可以含定她鑱十一萬餘名,在數年內須要增加一倍娶位,能需 在一九七〇年至七一年裡,敦育部費為五像被你從助,攻融為期三年的水摩供社。由於中學一屆全港灣學生沙赦 開支及中等浟脊擴展脈劃,與勘用更多的項,置疑的事。依照中學改育發展計價,在一九六七 (圈)英崴哲民 发育經費形算將有更大的增加,主英法解常費用,無興建更多中學,而烈費之巨大冯加,已進無可·延期至三月六日 不班有甚六之增加,上年度之教育經義預算佔整,育之機會。預茶在五年後,太湖接受餮助中學敦 「政府動用瓦大班費支祢教育計劃,毎年,助中學學位,使家境港苴的子弟增加接受中學 本港敦育之攝,在政府拊乡年來努力推育,家長加哥饽剐理由而不忻院系送入學校攻权 年内,本港年齡由十11至十四歲的兒童,有半數紙影學商主辦之第十七

推鵡中學教育,目前的針測是逐步思供更多的養 : 小學教育的材展早已尝一段落,政府已執向 以享受完成免要教育,一步更實施強迫小敦

1,促使去年教育之獲得巨大成就,先後, 現了风之估計(南) 軒置,在過去照間,政府在教育科娄遂年附加下,下財政年度放訂經費預算起到七位元,絕無造間一月六日,敬希各參加者 品或有撤出更多的款項才足以支持敦育之發展及經常費用之逐年推加,对此,教育界人士估體現,該會將將延期至三 之綱要預算將求气过大,加上其他各項涉逼的劃,食方便參加者探件尺 一步帜施,小學教育十五日,現因來件助學

【但預算超過六億元,至於年度,最保守之預算萬元 止日期京定爲11月1

個数也可算的五分一以上,可具消府在稷安然可,百的學生會搬至三十萬名,而目前此類學生僅學生攝影賽戴件

計

「要爲提出。一九七二至七三年空敦育州要預算 一鸸鼾)下年度政府財政預知案將在过三轮,要小敦育,三年補助中學敎育及發育電視。·廣西大學校友會

· 計剄,使得由去年九月開始施行至变初級發育, ,在小區致育方裔,本港已完成小學十年發展、春.團拜及聚

一下:出五十萬名在官立及資助小學就讀的厚章:得心國立西,

條及親友參加。 聯做聚餐,乘迎校友优

日(星期日猳彌敦道 行春節團拜亞校友, (普慶院樓上)三樓

大學香港校友會定命 四沉醉發樓大酒店

已展週

元R

下年度教育經費預算

會超過七億元

已超過五億元 現年度估計在六億元以上 展迅速 教育經費亦年有增加 七零年度 週三立法局會議時將可揭曉 本港教育發

佔有

計增曉

上度

教

育

19.72

中文中學會考試題預習專欄

作用三结果,吸入氧面放击COo供 单作為光合的原料,

生物科 (十七)

——梁景桓一

一、温習内容(續)植物生理) 的呼吸作用,蒸散作用

养分之貯存及代谢後廢物之處理 二預習題目:

1. 按下图的安驗裝置裝置妥後

移於陽光及通風一 的地方下,經六! 小時

王小果除去後·水皂漸漸要黃凋 養因為缺少CA之供應,光合受阻之故 2. 若單獨留下小則因缺少氧燃 验而窒息死亡

d.由上述定驗结果可知在一個光合 作用過呼吸作用達到平衡的環境 中動植使能適而共序, 光合作用:

呼吸作用: a.在日間有陽光時!”不瑙晓只要有命 活動就必需要呼吸 6在含黄绿素的他 汛有生命活動的细

胞中進行

肥均打呼吸作用:

吸取O面放口,卻吸取氧而放击COL 二氧化碳及水 .氣、葡萄糖蛋白

哩,脂肪等。 毛二氧化碳,水状

武尿素等倉敷化合物

在開始時水面為 n. 紅小時後水

一清在闸始用天平称得 全部裝置 256克重 六小時後称得249.

e葡萄糖及氧

克重(10c水以1重计算)

2. 在不如上加上蠟油目的何在? 6.試解釋,何以水液少了16ct.p 重量却只減少7元,其理安在,

c試述影響蒸散作用之外界因素。

d植物的蒸散作用在那些部位进行, e蒸散作用有何生理價值

已試列表比較蒸散作用与滴透

作用有何不同

3.

為何有滴透作用,試設計一個 装置以証明滴透之长生

4.植物並量排泄器官,則植物如 何處理代谢作用所產生之腐物 5.按下列裝置,進行完驗,回答下 列问题。 2差將此裝置程 放於陽光下經 数小時有何变化

6.差將此裝置務

* 於暗室中經數 灰水 小時後又有

何变化盞解釋

6.何謂無氧呼吸?試設計ㄧ個定 驗裝網以証明無氧呼吸的存在。 三上期答案,

1. a.一星期後小魚及水草仍然继续生 存無雯化,水草行光合作用吸收CO2面 放云氧供给小更呼吸. 魚行呼吸

子属组成方面,结果 仵質增加

7.使光能轉变為

化学能而貯存

f属分解方面,结果

損耗件質

3.特化学能轉变為 動能或热能西放方

3.a利用乳氧化钠吸取瓶内空瓢堂

之二氧化碳。

6. 因為在雯驗之前必需經足夠時间

3.暗處理,以消耗業中之澱粉

C. 以热水煮沸的目的在於去除票面之

蠟及破壞組織

.梅業積於酒精中之目的在於脱除 岳内细胞中之葉綠素,因此葉绿素能 溶解於热酒精中经監理後垂呈白色。

水洗可佼片軟化。

以碘液檢查葉片中是否有澱粉,因為 碘液与澱粉接觸則呈深藍紫色 葉片中含有澱粉,則证明有-

合之進行, 否則便每光合作用之進行

9 A部B部分部均呈碘液的标 褐色而C邨則呈現深藍紫色。 大由此实驗可証明光,二氧化碳

以及線

以僅綠蕉三項條件均為必要, 此三者缺夕任何一項條件,光合作用 均不能進行.