1972-02-20 — Page 14

頁二第張四第日六初月正年子壬歷夏

製品方:

者

第消尙 楼 注頁四息有 意請張刊教

讀第在育

香

日期星日十二月二年二七九一展公年-十六國民華中 育教僑静

報日僑華

WAH KIU YAT PO

·三蘸會務發展 一瓿國運昌隆二颗香港繁榮

一傑噍咯,吃镶石,顺安,六六年已修正條例,鶯 「太,孔航,设定于放寬,一九七 一,江茂森,張立,一年之教育規則比较一九 受,陳列科,吳馬元,一學校發腿,對穹例 一),麥杰智,梁中三萬務發,隨 说梁,余,育當局扶植私立

學校單位代,吳靜 新春三娘, 順運 中文學校聯合會同人日換意見,主席吳壽夲

• C港試:鹉九私立一,會務等問題,泛

主席吳壽頤致詞

|中文校聯會團拜

「友公:邱漢強殺吾 射霑前壐类-社會-激臂一云。 一個邦發式举行後, 杏,無兵扼殺私立學校、 第一,姥禕坤,潘路伴們感到以辦教育視爲摄 「燒發,纛植等百餘人。 途。此乘法例,若不改 ,质麗珍,張志偉,千元及監禁兩年,使人

· 樂及朗誦節,詳懦己就於昨天出版之第二十四 一著心由本年三月一日開始並行之校際音 本年首次出版中文輔打本

本屆音樂朗誦節

節目表經告出版

華,工商管理學生研討會

大學行,出局及九龍彌敦对九龍馘府合磬七楼 節目內容與定縻辦法。該等節目表現己在避和各

-版中文雄打本邗:金部中文朗循節目。

·音樂比賽項目之節自发及前訂本之朗誦比賽。 日式之新形式路見一斑————十四年以來,首次出

|

| 本月六日由香港工商好

·商品生研討會,於 ※畬年憐之首码到A工

一嚨合書院工商管理學系

·《陽》中文大學」

今日下午閉幕禮

「及來自工商處,香港科

日由各學者,工商臂被

·送獎金二千元

百利勃有獎比賽

歡迎各界參觀。

中華廠商會會長推

一下午五時結班,用時也 公報,研討會將於今日 宇崴疝過研討會之联合 常舉行,今天之主要程

「昨日開始1今天繞在

演講,研討部份亦巴於 |業管理先進作全日開

中心中誆嚴會等

「發局「滋生力促

廠商會長莊重文主持

|+ 由本片计|日起

的懷國百利勲金文具

(湘)世界著名

197

中文中學會考試題預習專欄

生物科 (十六)一梁景桓一

温習内容,植物生理学

光合作用,养分的制造

(2) 呼吸作用:能的釋放

5.预智题曰:

1.如下图装置,置於陽光下,瓶口封 密,使不漏氣,回答 下列问题

清水(100送至一星期後 水草 ·结果如何? 試解釋之

(b)除去小奐後 一星期结果文

如何試解釋之

差除去水草而單獨下小火,结示 又如何,何放心

小試為上述实验结果作一结论。 口試根据下列各项比較光合作用与时

吸作用的不同。

(a)進行的時機,進行的组織:

ce) 毁取或放云的载祥、(d).原料.

e)產物代谢的意義上。

(9)在能量的轉移方面。

3.如下图裝回答

下列问题

A. 呈綠色部分 非绿色部分 c呈绿色部分 口木塞狹看的部分 氢氧化钠溶液 a. 瓶中放入氧氧化鈉溶液有何意義一 何以在实验闭始之前必须将材料经244 時黑房處理

C. 将上述装置曝晒於陽光下四五小時待 荷葉片摘下放於热水中煮沸3-5万镑 目的何在?

d將葉取工程於酒精中加如目的何在?

經熱酒精處理後業呈什麽颜色. 巴再用水说,一方面除去酒精,另一方面任

其後,以甚麽方法未檢查光合作用是否

你能寫云葉片上 A. B. CD. 四部分所 表現之风應嗎?

太请你為此实验下一结论? 上期答案:

1.一般传生植物所需要的元素有不被氢氧氢 磷硫鈀鈣鎂,鉄硼錳組鋅銅等 十五種其中碳氢氧覆自空氣与水,而其他 十二種元素則覆自土壤,

之植物所需要的元素除碳氣氧獲白水与空氣 外其他的元素全部来自土壤,因此將這些荘 自土狼的元素之古機盐,依照適当的组成 比配合,溶解於蒸餾水中,配制成培养 液,以代替泥土栽植,這種栽植法称為 水耕法。

3a未姜之虚;属口瓶透光,防碍根群之 黄育,心根部缺乏空氣之供應,根部呼

吸受阻。

改善法:山以黑漆空於瓶外壁或不了 透光的黑色厚纸包围蔗口瓶(2)於軟 木塞處開孔,使空氣能迷續透入溶解 最好用電動氣泵不断壓入空氣, 氨素為原生質的王要组成元素,植物牮 差缺乏氮素則葉片漸漸黄蓁莖与業之 生長受阻軟弱面细小,最後早熟死亡, 磷之有機盐類為植物体内能的轉運

·者亦為醣蛋白,脂肪等代谢的多項觸 碟,故此缺乏磷後,植物的根群育 不良,花细而方,果雯亦细而人或不统 空或果宴早落,葉片呈深统,漸轉紫 红色最後专黑而壞死。

鉄為葉綠素生成的觸媒成分,故缺少头 幼葉呈白化現象

研究方法:

·首先配制完全培养液(令有該植物所 需要的全部元素)

(心配制多種培养液,女“禮前大门 ̇較完全培养液缺少一種元素。

山同時栽植同一種幼苗絰关于時日,观 察各種元素缺乏之樣本,完全培养液 唁慎樣本比較。

a暑洞内的糖液漸漸上来,终至满格

6薯洞内糖液在变化。

a组与金鈴薯米经煮熟故洞壁是由 多层注细胞所構成,洞内為高濃度糖液 故此内层细胞之细胞液水分渗入糖液中, 西外層细胞中之冰分则渗向内層如是形成 一連串细胞与细胞间的渗透傳遞,故使 ̇薯洞斗的清水,結續渗入薯洞内

b组為巴煮熟的馬鈴薯,细胞已死亡,原生 質受性,细胞膜成為全通透膜,故此外界 的水分渗入而洞内的糖谬云。

d. 植物藉根毛吸收泥土中的水分国 為根毛的噴膜為一半透性薄而细胞質 液的渗透浓度遠較外界為高,用此 便養生渗透作用,而皮层内部的细胞

白尾則细胞液渗透浓度示越大周

亟層向内傳遞,完成吸收水分作用, 植物体内之水分与专機盤是沿木質 郭的尊管或管胞向上輸導,而水分上 升的動力是值下列四项因素,的单管 山葉蒸散

的毛细管作用。

作用所產生的吸水力,山水分子间的 内聚力. 鱼机盐是溶於水液中呈溶 液狀態隨水流村動而轉移輸送,此外 点机盐分子亦能藉擴散作用而轉移輸 送,以复驗註明水分的輸導途径如下:

(1)取一株新鮮菜心,浸入水中切击杀切口

然後立即移於盛曙红溶液的烧杯 中移於通風的地方,

1.絰四五小時後,取云菜心,在茎部鳓 一吋作一模切薄片,放於顯微鏡下, 屍察,則見木質部尊空壁着包里红色而其地 组鐵則會此現象,

由上述实验结果证明水液是沿木質部 之尊管上升。

光合作用合成之有機养分如葡萄糖是由 韌皮部之篩签式篩细胞輸送,而輸導 方向不图解如下:

制造养分的部分。

貯藏养分的部

组冷)

1972英文中學會考試題預習專欄

聖道英文當院主編

經濟及公共事務科 (十六)

Iconosio And Public Affairs (16)

Question ^{-1}: How wonia you judge whetaer

a nysten of taxation is work- able and fair to all?

Answer:

In a democratic society the govern- ment has the right to collect taxes from the citizens in the sanë way as thể citin sena have the right to enjoy the wide var iety of services and facilities provided. by the government. The system of collect ing taxes should, however, be devined in such a manner that it does not give rise to any unfairness or discrepancies among the oitisena,

Adam Smith, an eminent political economist, contended that for any systen of taxation to work fairly and efficien- tly, it should be based on certain prin- ciples. Today mout governments are aware of Smith's principles of taxation, and whenever possible, his principles are implemented. We shall now see how Hong Kong Government adapta its system of tax- ition from Smith's theory and sea to what xtent it is true that our system is fair ind workable to all.

Before any judgement can be formed on the fairness or unfairness of any system of taxation we should actually see how far Smith's principles of taza- tion are applied.

It would, of course, be unfair it everyone, rich and poor, is táxed equally. for a yearly tax of say $100 to 碗加乘社 who: earns $300 a month is a greater fin- ancial burden to him than to a man who : earns $3,000 a mouth. Thus, a tax should be graded relative to a citizen's earn- ings. Our salaries tax is = progressive tax, so that a salaried man with greater earnings is taxed at a higher rate fer each. succeeding $5,000 and those who earn less than the net allowances to which they are entitled, are exampted from galaries tax, The allowances ml- lotted to each taxpayer are the same,

bus maintaining fairness for all,

***AI SUẹ way a tax is computed varies from time to time and from person to per son the system of taxation is logically an unworkable one, for it displays inef- ficiency on the part of the adainistration. All our taxes are based on proven methods of calculations.

There are no undue complications in the way the various taxes are calcul➡ atad, even if they are not easy to cal culate, the staffs of the Inland Revenue Department, the Rating and Valuation Department and the Publio quiry Ser- vice, are willing and cost happy to offer any assistance required by any member of the public. Thus, the second principle that the amount of tax to be paid should be definite must be taken into consider- ation in judging whether any system of

"taxation is workable or not.

In England the law has made it com- pulsory for each employer to deduot a certain sum of his employes's salary, be paid to the government in respect. of his salaries tar, thus giving xine to the well-established system of P.A.T.E. (Fay-as-you-sarn). This enables

taxpayer to pay hĩa tax conveniently without causing any undue financial embar rassment. This, in fact, is the third principle of taxation,

In Hong Kong our Tax Reserve Certif- loates are a close substitute for PHALYAN but, unfortunately, it is not compulsoTY for s uotant to

80. Consequently, many taI- payers do not know of the existance of these Certificates, When presented with debit notes from the Inland Revenue Dem partment most taxpayers are caught by aurprise and find it difficult to pay their tax. Unless the Government can introduce a compulsory system of saving to enable one to pay his tax when called upon to do so, any system of taxatio seldom, works satisfacto:

LED Coto, buy «them, if he is rel-

Any form of taxation, to operate - effectively, should not give rise to tax evasion. at the same time if it involves a tremendous amount of money to be spent by Government in order to collect the tax, it in definitely not worth Government's while to introduce the fax in the first place. ₫ Hong Kong residents used to pay a fee of $20 per annum ZOT Ownership of a radio set. „But when the Government discovered that faz too many people were successful in avoiding payment of the fee, the Goveza- ment eventually abolished it. It is expected that for the HANG TERROR, the present television licence fee iɑ to ba abolished too, another reason being that television has become, a populaz community entertainment, and as, such should be ande available to one and

Thus, if all the four principles of taxation as advocated by Adam Smith in the 18th century, are applied to system of taxation in the 20th century ve.can zely upon the Latter to wzd fairly and efficiently in any anasunity.

Question:-(2) Give a description of the work and functions of the Public Works Department,

As ita name implies, the Public Works Department is given the responsib¬ ility of looking after the Colony's.. public works projects, chiefly in four principal fields – water, housing, ComTM munications and land,

All Government buildings are desi-, gned by the Public Works Department, although these buildings may come under

the separate administration of the other Government departments, such as hospitale which come under the Medical and Health Servicen Department and police stationa under the Police Force.

Government buildings after their cumpletion need constant maintenance and repair to ensure longer utility and it is the Public Works Department which is responsible for keeping these. buildings in satisfactory condition..

Public transport requires' roads, buildings and in congested areas. fly- overs, and these must be repaired when- ever they are found to be in a bad atate. At night, the public highways. have to be sufficiently lit to keep as- oidents off the roads. Again, it is the Public Works Department's responsibility to provide these facilities through the work of the Civil Engineering Office, which also builds and maintains the dra- inge and sewerage system in Hong Kongw Electrical wirings or installation of equipments in Government buildings are carried out by the Electrical and Necha- dical Office of the Public Works Depart- ment. It is also logically the respon- sibility of this office to carry out any repair work when these fail to func tion properly. This office also main tains and services Government vehicles. It also approves certain installations. of electrical circuite and equipment= in factories, cinemas and theatres.

The Building Ordinance Office aane inisters the Building Ordinance and de- oiden if old buildings should be prohib- ited from further residence or une, It approves new buildings for uak” and building operations.

Another branch of the Public Works Department is the Crown Lands

and Sur- vey Office which conducts land and air. Burveys and revises all maps of Hong Kong, and plans the way underdeveloped areas particularly those in the Tow-Ter- ritories to be developed. It also afra- nges and conducts the sales of Crown lande.net

The Water Works Office not only carries out water works projects, but aled looks after catchment areagand ensures that the people of Hong Kong are supplied with water as far an pog➡ sible the whole year round, shaky

Last but not the least, the Publia Works Department through the Port Works Division and the Development Division of the Civil Engineering Office, constructe Fea-valls, public and ferry piara and reclaim land from the sea the sea

It can thus be easily seen that the ruolio Works Department is a very impor- tant department to the community, for it has helped to develop a "barren rock" into a rapidly-flourishing city that Hong Kong is today.