1971-11-07 — Page 14

買二荳張四第二日十二月九年亥辛屉罗 WAH KIU YAT PO

報日僑茶

日期星日七月一十年一七九一曆公年十六國民華中 育淡備華

1972

中文中學會考試題預習專欄Ò

遠回校 菸店

大地钻 九水文 埔段地七之大

生物科

(一) 梁景桓

使再宿容 龍

羅增:

(一)内容(山原生質的定款;化学组成,物理性。

以細胞的形態構造,分裂」及细胞生理, 習題

老百希

不乏誰

宀此

千四百一十二人本科

常城市。

至於學生宿會擴

英新 警界生千百李及 院學大

中文大學落成後

. 可容學生五千名

四千五百名爲本科生 五百名

爲研究院學生

一市,而建築之形式蓀以

加味

外表

極品。

金送私人

統聯

1. 组成原生質的化學元素,主要的有十二種,

堅道英文書院主編

2.游離之原生質塊常呈园或扁圓球形其原何在?

經濟及公共事務科

3.下圖為一個細胞形態圖,回答右列之問題.

必寫出團中箭嘴所指各部名称

AN'S WER

1972英文中學會考試題預習專欄

(-)

ECONOMIC AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS (1)

Exercise No.1

QUESTION (1) What is meant by elastic demand? Describe the factors that affact changes in demand."

·QUESTION (2) Hhat do you mean by an exceptional cemana.

curve?: Under what conditions does such

curve take place? Give examples.

One of the Dawn of Supply and Demand states that man tends to buy more when the price is low and buy- less when the price is high. At times, however, this law may be found to be untrue, for the demand for a certain commodity may increase with the proportional riae in price. This unusual (and perhaps abnormal) behaviour thus gives rise to term "exceptional demand curve," as shown graphically below

何必宽腐成九碳交泡

開

DE

來酥朱下大元

ANSWER

Demand curve

d

(2)C部有何功能

(3)你能認出這是動物細胞抑或植物細胞,試説

出你的根据

PRICE

PRICE

4.下列為細胞的有絲分裂,回答下列問題,

QUANTITY

shows that demand is elastic

when a change in price, however small it is,.. produces a great change in the demand of the commodity we. say that the demand for that commodity is elaatic..

Referring to the above diagram, you will notice. that DD is the demand curve, while the horizontal axia (OY) representy the amount of the commodity: that is demanded, and the vertical axis (OX) represents the price. You will see that when the price drops from

But inoreased from to P the quantity demanded. ie

山寫云国中箭嘴所指各部

名稱

3.

好讀依照细胞有絲分裂過程,將上列六国重新探到

(3)這是動物抑或植物细胞的震結分裂,試說出你根据

5. 何謂原生質? 何謂代謝作用?

6. 醣是组成原生質的一項主要化合物舊称

三種元素所組成,可 根据醣類分子的結構分為三大類試填下表 種類 分子通式 舉例對水溶解性味

葡萄糖

C12H22O1

2

to Q, but when the price drops from P to P (which is an equal change, in price) the quantity that is demanded is increased from 2 to which clearly. shows a greater change in quantity than when the price changes from 3 to F, Thus, that part of the demand curve (5) which shows a greater response to a aimilar change in price is known as elastic demand.

Changes in demand can take place under different circumstances, and caused by different factors.

Old commodities, for instance, may experience a.. drop in demand when they are replaced by hew commoditien which are, on the other hand, demanded on a greater acale. For example, Jaat summer, the demand for minin skirts in Hong Kong suddenly rose, while that for maxi- skirta dropped..

Changes in demand can also be caused by a change an population. It is evident that an increase in the number of people in the country will eventually cause a.greater demand for goods and services, and vice versa when there is a drop in the population. Hong Kong... for instance, between 1931 and 1961, experiences an increase of 2.2 million people, and this eloquently explains "the steady increase in the demand of consumer good. after the First World War.

Any change in a person's income 13 also bound to affect the demand for goods and services. When a person sarns more, he tends to spend more on superior goods than on inferior goods, or he may purchase more goods than he normally does. The reverse is true when he earns less. For instance, a consumer will buy more butter when he earns more, and more margarine when he earns lega

Changes in taxation can also influence changes in cemand.. For example, a higher tax on cigarettes may cause a. drop in the demand for cigarettes, for it may deter people from smoking or compel smokers to cut down their consumption.

Any drop in the use of some commodities, and any increase in others is certain to produce changes in

demand. The introduction of new commodities can also affect demand. Areated drinks for instance have displaced beverages to a large extent especially in summer. After the war, women have been known to spend mora on cosmetics than on other things.

The above factors can influence changes in demand. arrespective of any changes in price. However, a change, in price itself, can also produce changes in demand. For instance, if the price of one commodity in zaised achaumers may buy another commodity instead. unless the former does not have a close substitute. If tea, for instances becomes more expensive most people would probably turn to coffee.

QUANTITY

Comparison between a typical femand curve and an exceptional demand curve

In the above diagram, when the price rises from

so does the quantity that is demanded, from which is contrary to the law of demand.

to

Thue. D'D

is an example of an exceptional demand curve. On the other hand, the typical demand curve DD, shows that at a higher price a lesser quantity is demanded, and at a lower price, a greater quantity is demanded as to be expected according to human tendency with regard to buying.

There are three principal conditions under which an exceptional demand curve takes place.

Firstly, when

consumers realize that the price of a certain commodity is going to rise, they tend to buy more with a view to (and in the hope of) avoiding pay- ing more later. This fear that price may rise in future is (most sensibly) brought about by noticing. that a particular commodity has become slightly more expensive, partly because of a shortage of supply and partly becasue of an overwhelming increase in the demand for that commodity

For instance if a pound of butter was $2.00 yester day, and it is $2.10 today, it clearly shows that either the supply of butter is short or that the demand for butter has increased, or both, and that the price is likely to rise in the near future. Consumers an a result, will start to stock up a greater quantity of

butter, thus illustrating the fact that for certain commodities the demand is greater when the price risas, This is only true of goods which are known as necessar- les. Thus, before the outbreak of a war. exceptional demand curves are common.

Secondly, goods of ostentation, V.a. goods that are bought for decorations or ornaments, are normally demanded exceptionally, which means that people only buy and buy more) when they are expensive, such as jewellery. The demand for these gooda is therefore greater at a higher price than at a low price. If, for a moment, Rolls-Royce care were as cheap as Japan- ese Datsun cars the demand for the former would not be great. The fact that Rolls-Royce cars are expensive has put considerable prestige on the cars.

Thirdly, inferior goods normally have an except- ional demand, If the prices of consumer goods rise, people will tend to buy more. This is only true when such goods are necessaries.

For instance, take the case of a poor family. At ordinary times, the family has for breakfast, a certain amount of margarine, and a little amount of butter to supplement it, but when the general level or prices rises, the family cannot afford to buy butter, and instead, will buy, more of margarine now. The demand for margarine is therefore exceptional under such circumstances.

Exercise No. 2

(3) What do you understand by elasticity and inelast-

icity of demand? What are the factors affecting: elasticity of demand? - Mention ona commodity t好我家 has an elastic demand and, another that has an elastic demand, and justify your choice of commodities.

What do you understand by inter-related demand? Intế how many kinds can inter-related demand fall? Give examples.