1970-12-13 — Page 25

育教僵華 頁三第張六第1日五十月一十年戌庚展夏 WAH KU YAT PO 日僑

育敎僑華

年度

中文中學會考試題預習專欄

地理科

(七)

一潘桂成一

1. KEINEKARST TOPOGRAPHY

,在石灰岩分布區,由於石灰岩爲易陰性且具有高密審理之岩質,若生有乾問季碳化南語意 在一千公圃以上之桀侯案件下,乃宜於喀斯英地形之發育,形成許多洙而美觀之地形,分 “如下:(

A、石灰岩之陆坡,被雨水溶會成中陷梅毒,低不平,居然行之劣坻,和沿LAPIES O B、石灰岩障法經溶成深斗狀心,蔬现不一,名鎘石灰除DOLINE;若地的流洗因而造

入地下成為准未UNDERGROUND RIVER3.則此石灰阱转稱陪穴SINK HOLE

*地下河流在地下齮冷态斂,常出現天然隧道NATURAL TUNNEL,天然國道之都:、 漸坍塌。地下河洗復現,而道值部之旁的部分所急橫跨兩岸之喀斯特菌 KARST BR IDGE,若地下河道上方是大規模之坍塌而出現的大空址,能長外淼UVALAL

·雨水港石岩理恣蝕盛行,乃使層表面形成無數主等鮮砵而解不平之小石級, 林COCKPIT。地形面包長期溶蚀,尖號之石林變成淨習小丘,當石灰岩獎HUM。 (若在石灰岩之隘面及節理進行咨触,常出避大的石灰LIME CAVE 石灰洞有時可發 贊成為政府之多,其內可見各條線形之沉款满 DRIPSTONE。其中含石灰溶液之水點 由洞項下垂而依附於頂部癡固者〔石鐘乳STALACTITE。雨水點下溺於地上,水分蒸 鼓而形成由下而上之石灰沉程物,稱石街 STALAGMITE石鐘乳和石衎若相連接則成 石 STONE PILLLAR。合石灰溶液之水花洞塑向各方任意流而邂固成不規則之帶案: 者,稱石您HELICTITEO

2.何謂曲流和牛湖

2:蚊與之河道製之流 MEANDER。曲流之成,主要是由於地球轉區向DORIOLIS FORCE 所引起河水之舖白,因而使河运兩岸资生差異性乏使仙和堆積不用,並長飲之一例压 我凹入之陆候谷期,而相對之堆我的另一期规线凸出,故河道刀南“生曲洗混帳,時間發 久,由流之幅股憨大,最後曲流教育至河道甚爲近時,可能流道冰冷之處。燕

·回復面珑,而被切離之曲流部份乃成写牛軛形之型,牛軛湖 OXBOW LAKE、牛轭

·極其短暫之水體,將因游藝和排水作常而易於澄波。201

由在和牛做以在记澔平原上最易生成,河道自由彎曲不受限制,浓备由FREE M EANDER,尤以南北走向之河流器。若受山坡限制面發育之比,稱爲谷中曲流VALLEY M. EANDER

3.械路風化作用 舉例說明風化作出之種類及形成之地彩。

岩石在原地由於天氣因子之麽易而發生前佛或分解現象,稱為罪化作用 WEATHERING·

——風化作用可大別您術類:崩DISINTEGRATION 3 石形状之改變,腿物理性,換機 被风化或物理風化MECHANICAL OR PHYSICAL WEATHERING。分別DECOMPOSIT _ION笃岩石性質之改變,真化學性,和極化麽風化CHEMICAL WEATHERING。

·物理風化碳行於天氣呈極端使變化的地區,常見之物超过化更多有兩道:第一是由於需 之樺端性變化,因礐石中各機物之涵能保障不同,若若菸之更熱能不一致,所以是石万 您在然展布推下發生崩解,此現象尤以大降性氣候區和沙漠地區燈。

第二是由於凍製作用,若岩石裂隙中之水,天之下降以下,永洪水, √脩大卡分之一,岩石裂隙因而擴大,此現象尤以當成高山地區短然。其他如確物之機郤成

开或螺蝶等之鐵營也是原因之

非会因物理化而崩炙所形成之碧陷稱爲節JOINT現常因岩石之性震而出球各饿

·規律性之形狀,如柱狀節理(玄武岩類,如如吐露港之榨分角)塊狀箪理(火山沿,加清水 辛岛),狀如紅磡航),球狀節理(如九龍城滑石山之花崗潛)。而小塊之花崗 猪之兴面常會片狀之膩風剝落,時稱綱製作泪EXFOILATION。術節理也有不規則分

T: 化學匪化盛行於協流&用的熱帶地區。常見之化學風化現象有三种:第一是由於水解作用 和即沿石加水分解性跑話機,如雲母、長石都成钢筋束狀之泥土

第二是由於氧化作用,岩石中所含之鐵質易於氧化而生然透以至分解...

第三是由於溶解作用,有些岩石如石灰岩和石膏等因溶於備承(碳OK)而進行城酸化器 解作。但也有因含有生物化成需之各擁有機酸的流水,洗至岩石表面上,而供岩石生 溶解者。:

4.式选市滨河流之能句话

三由河灣經河道至河口之剖面稱爲河流之縱切LONG SECTION。當河流正常發育到老年

·期 【银河道上絕無瀑布或急流出現,但實際區少洞流望此境地,然亦以其篇最終目的。(圖三)

香港河流之終切面皆是不規則,依其差萌之型態可大所写三

PROFILE·米 堆積和袋创達到平衡,同樣面爲平滑凹之平術部GRADED.

甲、上源急陡而下游地鐵虽然者——此類河流源於宮天之山體,因而上源非常陡急,游

注水

冰山

風稜石

圖光

堆積坡

2.侵蝕坡

3.曲流山咀

4.近道

切案

6 離堆丘

7.牛軛湖

$

不透水厚

消入上升之岸平原,洗泡甚多赧進入器。如无明夺原茨東谷地之河流解之

到注入游甝劇烈熱烈而海岸期奖之形岸,故成無符。如西菇及大浪冷東部服岸一帶

並大山棒,我稍低干座,山坡 洗急陡下降,而下潾則進入快之海岸平原。如昻于匹之河流之。

5. 耀下列名詞

ALICEBERG,

请河末端伸入中而成曌鹅承SHELF ICE,常易終斷所成句一大塊酒

圖之明,由方味河街次形成之冰山是戶狀,問

ES #KHORN"PEAK: 12

雅津機關行CIRQUE OR CORRIE,高山河之上。天絲開關之

天使分水嶺南被障似成尖錢而层钢虛乏春,淚饯有ARETE,歡齒有之相之

EGMORAINE"

河称中商便地方知其控繫,被侵蝕出來的物質,大小不一、形狀各異,分別在 河發生

的

冰障石依布之心簿而分樗叫線 單聯備分佈於冰河底部表用冰糖 GROUNDL MORAINE. HEİVERLATERAL, MORAINE. F 業前路而唯河鎮號牌TERMINAT MORATNE· 国砖 兩字,兩雙冰 磁力奇品於主冰河之中央部份者所申請MEDIAL MORAINE♯(周六)

D. WEDUNE

薪之西,野亜們借沙粒息定角形成的腰之凹坡,而坡面南翼伸展成决角如新月形。故名

EEPEDESTAL ROCK SA

ROACHAPTERERENTIAL EROSIONF成为天下小的缺乏,不然石

斯,他看璉下部因而磨魽的畅想小之裴給部份,若是進行變飯,狀石路將折斷。。

RAVEN THE ACTIO

SPLITTING WIND

我們國中提高您關

浓密生們而平滑 之的而•瑞風城石。多夠張動市画时少力,可为保刷解商之茶生,而與行照方不是。 怎悟一定方向吹拂,而是依季節或在而男者,則使若面常在兩三面以上。(圖九)

•GARENSNOW LINE "

三拼色情不燃起的部分糖低警用SNOW FIELD,使用之區下限域的保鲜績。想所有,

您好,拉雅山市进校北坡之三德爲商&解三*冬季加慾大則智的缺低,

H、讚上LOESSION

一、風從败經地面將由岩石思化而成之保的奥块運至滨城(而成之黃色等,和駕者, 一。都土之間花茶小,呈花辉狀,放消永中,不易沉以使水泥濁。若土成分單純 永極大,但因税子花小,故選十之帶穴色其大,當成近乘省之形後,常見之黃土地多有然 AKRYLLESIZE: FRAGILLUSH HILL BLOESS CAVE DIFA)

(圖一)

、瀑布WATERFALL

VALLEY,K此而發| 使河道中阻之堆积,使羽道上戀生醫谷HANGING

日期星日三十月二十年〇七九一屆公年九十五國民華中

助

者民,機经

工作進

氣

個人捐献以五萬為限

教育司致函各校

支持香港公益金

防的會加以支持之外 坐艺术署爲院 高亦可考以其他方式 喵,而各以從對此反應,發團北自然。學校當

七一年之鏘茲公營事 以來,本署對君湖防涝,此運臉。個人就妆部位

,阶各校儅多所協助,一本袒約有二百何學校文 何氏最近通读各校,希望咏役有黑多堪校,

指導會帶構。

貓金之距月爲八百一個以一灣公 維觧之公楼全亞啲。公,'安學校對公流命之

謝個謝有源隨之用。此

|症,膰降及底藏病者部會變對各拫幹之鸟微分 短,智神病人,災民,必從金舉兵成會計師

供奈及哚熊晃質,孤兒 辦事起,誠直接郵寄 範團的之工作,乃照顧 行七二四停海公益金

·萬元,昨紀助本六十hone

少年康樂活。此外, 辦學網取[J

,能促鷸品格培育及送交慕時,向公金

1971 英文中學會考試題預習專欄

新光出版社主橋 SUNLIGHT PRESS

地理科 (七

GEOGRAPHY

2470

Burma

LESSON SEVEN

(i) Burma lies between Thailand and. India. It has an area

square miles and a population of 23 millions

A. 261789 B. 262,789 C. 263,789 D. 264,789 E265,789

(2): Burma 1a surounded by mountain ranges on all sides except the south, On northwest there are the Noga Hills and

and Shan Patkal Hills; in southwest there is the Pletean is in the east.

A. Pegn Yoma

B. Mangăn RangeC, Downa Range.

D. Kumon Range E.; Arak an Yoma

(3): The Shan Platean which has a height of about: 3,000 feet:: is a part of the Sunda Platform. It is drained by the.

:由於無硬岩腳之間,河川野象,但更作用,斷腳車~漣初圍、主支冰河稽之不協調。(47 “或 降,稱為瀑布。瀑布之上常見暫時性之小問,瀑布之下出現深立PLUNGE POOL 瀑布下欧力德蚀而成。瀑布常因是蚀的後沿和隆蓝。(十二)

WELL AND SPRINGING

一、經降法作用而存在於地班下之岩石银土戰孔隙中之水稻地下水GROUND WATER, 三推向小饱和带之上限有塊 F水面WATER TABLE。用人工方拼郵通道?地下水面以吸。

V能秘者感片。若受海水餃制不洫水府之限制面地下水 者們爲泉。由於地下

·水华商季和乾季而升降,乃有定常非和制歇非永久享間歇泉之分。(圖十三)

凡地去氧化作用進行簽發强烈,段水侯制際冒,將快地表多雄临腦不平,難於 走笺利,同時植物不易生長,懷無術價值,從爲垢。 HAGORGE.

預習題目

受强烈之使他欲而再熬闻独的利谷稱夹谷,狹谷两壁非弟鍵蹤。在河川燧越夜之

1.时述海底地多之分類。

2.何调强宝?过海水鹽慈善属之因來

3.何瀾岸光何羽寒流麻轮流

4.試延冲流之環流系統。 5.比较三類沉降海岸。

6-解運下列名洞:

A、海岸平职屜布器

D、欧洲和旭及速咸沙洲 E、鴻海理 F、形凹洞海制以及海鲜拉

.........which is one of the longest river in the waridg

hich Chindwin river B., River Irrawaddy C. River Half Salveen river E. Sittang.

The Irrawaddy Basin ties between high mountain's In the

Thia basin is drained by two rivers systems

North-west. B. South-east C. SouthrBest. North-east E. South

D.

(5) At the mauth of the Lirrawaddy Fiver, there is a huge

delta of

miles long from north to south and about. wiles wide.

E.

160,150 B. 160, 140 C. 170,140 0. 170,150 180,150

(6). The climate of Burma is tropical momsdomal. It has a 4

dry season. Lasting about six months. There in a differm) ence in temperature between the northern part and the a

·southern part. The average temperature of northern areas is about 60°F whereas in the southern part the average, temperature is

P. 65°F Q. 75°F R. 80 F S. 85 FT. 86 F (7). The rainfall of Burma is under the influence of the

direction of winds and the relief. From November to March wind blows from North and North-east from May to September wind blowa from south and south-vest, There. is a period for the change of direction of the wind and therefore April fa not mentioned" So Winter months are drry. wagept. some Local convectional rain.Along it is still wet in Winter,

Tenasseria Q. upper course of Irrawaddy

P.

主要黄土區

*R*

Pegu Yoma S, River Mali T. Irrawaddy Basin

次要黄土區

雪線與緯度

海平面

温带

入

·雪線與陽光

雪線配雪量

瀑布之後退度降低

●永久飽和带

間歇飽和帶 透水屋

地下水面(永久) 地下水面(臨時)

圖

A岩溝

B石灰阱

C陷穴

D長溝

風向

石鐘乳

獻

沙丘及其移動

弯月形沙丘

培德平

萬維

The 'dry zone of Central Burma is in the rain Shadow

the Araken Yoma, : This area-has rainfall less than

inches year."

P. 25 Q. 30 A 35 S, 40 T. 45

Because of the great contrasts of raingali în Burma, there is a wide variety of vegetatlon. Along the coasta while in the of Arakan and Tenasseris, there are

dry zone, there is dry scrub,

Pawamps

monsoon forest R. tropical rain forests tropical grassland To evergreen forest.

and ironwood trees are found in decidnous mon- capon foreats which drop their leaves in hot seasons.

rubber S: oil palms

P. Teak Q. Rosewood-R."

T.

coconut

(11) The Arakan coast in cut off from the rest of Burma by the: Arakan Toms. It has many Islands parallel to the coast. Rice is found in alluvial deltas and is ex- ported through

which is the chief town and port

in this area.

Kyaukpjyu.

Letpan

Sandouav

(12) The Arakan coast is largely lived by China and Karena

It is because with over six hurdred different.. they live in isolated and scattered valleys developing. no relationship with any other tribe nearby. They gro maize millet and some dry paddi; they mainly acquire shifting agriculture.

A

minerals C. customa D. languages vegetables B, E. industrical producte

(13) The Tenasseris Coast is in many ways similar to armsBE Coast with ita alignment of mountain system and its

island archipelago. Temperature is high and constant. Rice is constant as there in rainfall all through the: year, Rubber is found in drained areas and there are calso fishing and

A. mining:

D. tea

B. jute planting E.'pearl fishing:

ight Industry

(14) The Shan plateau is protentially rich for future

development because of minerala. Lead, zinc and nickle are found there. Copper is found in Bawdwin while ruby. and sapphire are found a

For towns, there

ia: market gardening and in the forests, teak and Ironwood are found.

·h.^Mogok

D. Maday

B. Katna

E. Indaw

Bhamo.

【(15) The upper course of Irrawaddy is called the "Dead-Endy

of Burma', 3 is lived by shifting agriculturists.

the Katchin and Shan tribes.

Goya bean,

vegetable and maize are planted, Teak and ironwood are tuportant products from the forest.

A. Millet

D. oil palmi

3. Tobacel

E. Rubberr

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