1970-05-20 — Page 26

頁二第張七第日六十月四年戌庚曆夏 WAH KIU YAT PO

英中經濟及公共科答案

堅道英文書院撰答

Geonomio & Public Affairs

Suggested Answers

for

H.K. Certificate of Education (English) Examination Conventional Questions ??

(Editor's Note: Because of pressure of space and time, answers are given in semi-essay-form only

Section B

Labour force in Hong Kong 10

(1) easily adaptable; workers can turn from

one job to anothar within a relatively short period of time, partly because of the existing system of division of labour. Proof of the adaptability of our labour force le seen from the fast that Hong Kong was able to change herself from an entrepot to a manufacturing cantre in the early fifties.

(ii) generally mobile, because Hong Kong is

small in size, and workers oan move from One area to another relatively easily, (111) in recent years sensitive to changes in

Mage Workers tend to move from one factory to another when szinting wages elsewhere are higher.

(iv) not an easily exploited as many think it

i. "Sweated Labour" is therefore inapplicable to Hong Kong's labour foros, prompt to take action against management should any economic injustice exists, This is largely the result of the spread of the Trade union movement,

(vi) highly industrious. Workers can stand

Long hours of work, and are capable of fulfilling overseas demande -

The change of the economic status from

an entrepot to a manufacturing centre is

largely due to the adaptability and mobility

こ

of our workera. Today, many are changing thei: skills from the textile industry to the rapidly-developing electronics industry. The workers* industry is responsible for turning Hong Kong into a "shoppers' Paradies" because workers can produce what overseas customers wish to buy, Knowing their economic rights; workers can bring about a better overseas image of Hong Kong's labaur force and this turn san increase Hong Kong's prestige as manufacturing centre,

In 1966 the Government set up the Productivity Centre and Council to help local manufacturers

(1) to improve the quality of their googe. (11) to adopt scientific methods of production; 111 to reduce cost of production, and (iv) to recruit factory parsonnel.

To help improve the working conditions and raise the standard of living of workers employed in the cotton textile industry, us have the Hong Kong Cotton Spinners Association.

The Labour Department helps workers in their olains for compensations, arrears in wages, and shorter working hours end holidays It also helps workers to settle industrial dispates.

Factory Inspectore fson the Industrial Undertakings Section ensure that factorias: maintain maximus industrial safety;

We Redently the Wirkmen's Compensation 1953 has been anended to ensure further improvement in the workers, bargarning position.

(b) Insurance in fundamentally - "a spreading of

it is a system of accumulating a fund the contributions of the many, from

of money can be taken out to se few who undergo difficult timer.

insurance company, moun, as tha. inaurer- leets anal sums of money known na

from

"the wane tine

insured. Based on the that it is inprobable ffer misfortunes of life athl the ayutëm provides large sums

of money to be taken out to pay those insured who suffer.

Kind of insurance in Hong Kong:

life insuranos (most Personal Insurance

•), accident and wiakness insurance, Popular), employers liability insurance, (made nasessary for employera: by Workmen's Compensation Ordinance), Automobils liability insurance (made compulsory law), oradit insurance and fidelity. guarantee insurance, (11) property insurance

-"marins insurance, firs insurance, burglary insurance and plata glass insurance.

Insurance helps

(1) to stabilize and expand our trede

the

Hong Kong Credit Insurance Corporation

rovides a basic policy known as a comprehensive shipment policy – whion insures consumer goods from data of shipment or date of payment against lose caused by war, revolution or civil disturbance1.

(11) to expand local business – with insurance there is no rapid development in the hire-purchase. system.

報日橋華

Hong Kong engages in international trade because'l

三期星日十二月五年〇七九一層公年九十五國民華中 育敎華

(1) by specializing principally in the

textile industry, and lees significantly in the tourist industry, Hong Kong depanda on the rest of the world to supply the other thinge that Hong Kong does not produos, but that are vitally needed Hong Kong people, such as foodstuffs. (11) the economic resources of Hong Kong aro

limited.

(111) By participating in international trade,

Hong Kong can enjoy a wider and greater range of goods and services as explained by the Theory of Comparative Cost.

(iv) Hong Kong wishes to raise the living

standard of the people and to appreciate more widely the economic valus of labour, (v) Hong Kong has a greater comparativa

advantage in certain mamufacturing industries.

The economic difficulties, and barziaza era i (i) Overaess restrictions especially on OUT

textile exports.

(ii) Introduction of quota o.g. textile

exporte to U.SJAN:

̈(iii) Introduction of embargo e.g. the entrepot

trade between Hong Kong and China after 1952 because of the Korean War. Threat of Britain's entry into tha European Economic Commźby: (CommCA market),

Kaasures that have been taken.

(1) Govt, has negotiated with the principel

countries of our textile exports, chiefly

Great Britain, U.S.A. and Europe. Hong Long is protected by the G.1.T.T. (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade),

(ii) The Commerce and Industry Department with

the aid of the Cotton Advisory Board Las also negotiated with Great Britain to reduce the number of restrictions imposed on our textile exports.

(iii) By participating in world trade fairs and

arhibitions such as Expo 70 at Osaka, Hong Kong can improve its overseas image with the result that overseas buyers have more confidence in our goods, and buyers ás turn can persuade their governments to lift whatever trade embargo or quota imposed on our exports.

2.(a) Demand - the quantity of a esxnodity the

consumer is willing to buy bien a certain. scale of prices.

Factors that determine changes in demand

(1) Chango in fashiozn or tastes.

Etaples

**6* radio sets without pick-

which wore a crass, after the war are today ext-of-data än e zu result of the introduction of stereophonic hi-Yi transistor satz and radiograag välish aro i goat dongnd.

(11) Ghanges in population.

(111) (17)

Basmule 1 The population of Hong Kong rose from 849, 751 is 1831 to 3, 133, 131 in 1961. An inersees of 2.2 millions ia oge population is certain to cause a general inoresEN in the demand fax goods and. GOZVÁDOR.

in a consumer's Earnings

Work4. texation.

he sandu

he vary bia demand for the things he neede Introduction of new commodities

Change in the price of one article may load to a change in the dezand for other articles.

(1) (1) Drámany production the extraction of

materials from nature in their raw form.

g. fishing, sining..

(11) Henendary production - the turning of

Say materials into various other forme meful to man. Esg, textile manufacturiz industry.

(111) Bertiary production the provision of

direct or indirect, servidas, a.g. teaching

Other shariatsristion.

(1).

imary production depends on the availability of natural resources, instance, we have no mining industry because Hong Kong doen not have mineral

It also depends on the tradition of the people. For a

T

the people of a country are brought up as a fishing community it is unlikely that the people may turn to livelihoods other than fishing,

(11) Baoandary production depends to a great

extent the availability of entrepreneurs, Both primary and secondary production require Labour, Capital and Land. Entrepreneurs are concerned with market rusvaroh, raising of productivity, advertising and marketing the produc

(111) Tertiary production depends on the talente

of the people and the training facilities available for the people,

Decrétariat for Home Affairs

(1) in a government departasat. All its staffo

are Government Servanta.

(11) is concerned with the affairs of tha

Ohinese Community.

[ifi) provides two Tenanoy Inquiry Bureaux to

isvastigate and settles minor disputaa Estween landlords and tenants,

(iv) Secretary for Home Affairs may not as tho bitrator in tonanoy as well as densatio disputes.

(v) registers Chinese hotels, boarding houses,

Chinese books, newspapers, nowa agencies. (vi) issuer permita for Chiness celebrations, (vii) maintains Distriot. Watoh Feres, whi oh investigator private complaints. (viii) suporvines Chimens cemeteries and temples,

(ix) aduiäisters captain large charity

organisations such an the Pa Lsung Ink, and the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals,

(x) holda quasi-judicial inquiries in--

deportation camos.

City District Offices

come under the direct administratiya 01 Secretariat for Home Affairs.⠀

(1) Head of the 0.3.0, 1a × Dapaty Secretar

far Home Affaize,

E

(11) Assisting him are two City District

Commissioners who are in faes the Chiog Assistant Secretary for Hene Affairs, (111) Oma City Distriot Commissieser vill take

charge of Hong Kong Island, and the other

will take charge of Kowl woma (iv) Tas colony of Hong Kong chal mo divična

fats the diafriota.

main objectives ara

to advise on how the varioms p services in each distrist are effectively co-ordinatadp⠀⠀

(b) to get an close to people and

organisations as possible in order that Government policies and proklonm nay be explained to thânga

to assess the reactions and zen posze manbare of the general pablo on Government policies and to recommand any changes that are felt to be necessary in the interests of tus community.

in a way, the City District Office providła A CHO-HERT Communication system between psopla and the Government, a system in which any Dember of the general publie sus apuroasa tes City District Officer of his or her grás to unk about Government or to vedeo his or her FLORIST grievanosa. The Government hopan thas with the operation of C.D.D., the voice of the Colony'a youth in particular, and that of the elder generation in general, may be heard.

Bath the Legislative Council and the Executive Council primarily exist to mako law for the Colony, and to advise the GavanaKIP raupestively, Hembers of the Legislative Connell and the Executive Conseil, are either ex-officio or appointed by the Governor.

The unofficial members of the Executive and Legistative Councils make themselves availabla to the public by forming the UHKLCO whose office is at Prinos's Building, Chater Road, Hong Kong Island.

Kembers of the public who wish to experi their views on Government policies may visit. UNBLCO and their visus say be Brought to the attention of the Governor. Fublio giovesea may also be brought to the attention of UKELGO.

UMELCO hopos to atsep sat corrupt praedices among Civil Servants, and to eliminate malpractices or naladministØation in the Government de partments. It is correos, to say that very serious matters are brought to the attention of UKELCO, whereas minor matters especially (civil matters without involving governesat servants) are brought the attention of G.D.0.

(d) (1) Large population within a small confinsa

(11) air pollution (moving vehicles on the

reads and factories in industrial arazo such as Hung Hom).

(111) Lack of health education.

(iv) Inadequate recreational facilities for

Hong Kong's young people.

The Govt. Department and voluntary Organisationa that help to control this dissARU. (1) Rodical and Health Department. (11) The Hong Kong Anti-Tuberculesio

Association.

111) Junk Bay Hedionl Bälder Com#11, (Lv) Haven of Hopa Sanatorium

Stave taken to control this digasss

(1) Provision of X-Ray Chest Clinics (oporated by Govt.)

11) Health Education is being incorporated in

Civics lessons in schools to ten on skildren to keep themselves bealthy, (111) 366 #accination for children is provided at,

all Govt, out-patient hospitals and olinions The Hong Kong Anti-Tubaazlesis Association also maintains a BCG vacsination cantra, a follow-up clinio and a medical insurance against tuberculosis.

The EK anti-Tuboráulonia Association aloe

Pune 3 bospitals for tuberculosis patients vis. the Ruttonjes.

Sanatorima, tăia Freni Kenarial ConvalescenV Come and the Granthan Hospitað.

Through the Urban Council, more parks are]:

provided in urban areas.

未完薄入第七張第三日)