1969-03-17 — Page 23

薪日橋

REFERE?

TARY

17 MAR 1969.

育教僑華頁三第張六第 日九廿月正年酉己曆夏 WAH KIUSATO PO

C

文中學會考該題預習

經濟及公共事務科(十九)

Economie & Public Affairs

Lecture No. 19

Answers to the Questions in Exercise No. 17

Question: (1) "Hong Kong industrialists should not

all their eggs in one basket." Do you think this statement is applicable to modern Hong Kong? If so, explain how this can be done, if not explain why.

If Hong Kong industrialists pool their resources and invest them in one Industry alone they would be courting an economic disaster. First and foremost, it is economically unwise to depend heavily on other “countries. If we specialize in say the production of

alothes only, it would mean that we have to rely on the other parts of the world to supply us the other equally important commodities to meet our neada. It appears to be all right to have inter-dependent relations among the nations of the world, as justified by internationel trade, but it would lead to eventual exploitation of the waaker countries by the stronger ones. An economically advanced country would demand a weaker country to give mora or the latter's goods in exchange for the goods from the former, knowing that the latter has no choice since it specializes in only one industry, whereas the former specializes in many, and can well afford to stay independentes

Another reason is that any difficulties arising in the would trade, such as the introduction of an embargo on the trade of a particular country, would lower the standard of living of the people. For instance if the people of Hong Kong depend on the supply of rice from Burma, and all or a sudden the supply is cut off, we will have to go without rice; and unless we can change our diet, we may all die of starvation. Perhaps depanding on more than one country to supply us the sain commodity is a safety measure against any possible reduction in or stoppage of the supply from one country

When there is a constant demand for a par commodity from one country it is all very good to specialize in the production of that commodity, but the danger is that demand does fluctuated from time to time, and mèreover economic changes are often influenced by political the policies of the different countries, and it is difficult to predict what the policy, both economi and political, of a particular country is, especially when a new party takes over the administration of the country. For instance, before 1951, Hong Kong flourished as an entrepot, when China was the principal market for our re-exporta. Unfortunately the Korean lar thought it fit to re-shape our economic status. When the United Nations Organization imposed an embargo ol trade with China, Hong Kong was forced to compete with other countries as a manufacturing centre instead. Our industrialists started to manufacture textile goods and fortunately there was a world demand for these goods, caused by the Second World War.

Now that we again flourish, this time as a textile manufacturing centre, we tend to forget the lesson of 1951. Since 1965, there have been enough indications te deter us from specializing in only the textile industry, Countries like the United States, Canada, West Germany and Norway nave started to impose restrictions on our textile exports to these countries, following a meeting of the GATT (General agreement on Tariffs and Trade) at: Geneva. The United Kingdom, too has followed likewise. Moreover, many countries have started to produce their own textiles, such as Nigeria, which, until recently was one of our principal African textile markets, Clearly, the time has come for us to realize the appropriateness:

of the maxim "Do not put all your eggs in one basket" as equally applicable to our industry.

Another question to consider is "Should Hong Kong people be trained to possess one skill only"? Besides, the striking absence of a variety of economic activities is bound to produce a dull life for everyone in Hong Kong. There should exist different jobs in the community for various people, who have different abilities.

Surely, not everyone is good at the same thing,

Hong Kong has been proving herself very favourably among asian tourist resorts as one of the best places for tourists to holiday. What remains to be done is t improve our image as a tourist centre, and at the same time to concentrate on this industry, we should build Asia's largest indoor sports stadium, as we have built Asia's largest shopping centre, the Ocean Termina, large Convention Hall (since our City Hall is too smil to hold any world conference) and more ultra-modern notels. The Mandarin and the Hilton are proving very popular among tourists. There are many off-shore islan in Hong Kong, and one of these can very well be turned into a holiday paradise, with monorail carriers, swimming pools, shopping centres, children's playgrounıs skyway carriers, notels and other luxury" noliday facilities. Pei Pa Chau, in the New Territories can weli be turned into Asia's biggest holiday resort, and Hong Kong's new money earner.

Chemical industries and oil refineries can be introduced in some of our outlying islands such as the Iantao Island. Our Technical Collega can be relied upol to turn out engineera for these industries, if not, Government can always send our secondary school graduates abroad to acquire technological knowledge.

Our light, Industries namely transistor radios, plastic flowers, toys, electrical appliances and other: should also be developed and expanded. Not only is our unemployment problem solved, but also the danger of losing our economic prosperity should the textile industry be outcompeted by other countries ir gliminated-

Our ship-building and ship-repairing industry should also be developed and expanded. Junk Bay has over the past year's been associated with this industry but it has not been given the needed attention and boost to emerge as a promising industry.

If we can adopt the belief that we can make what others want to buy and at the same time develop our less important industries together with our tourist trade, then the theory of diversification of industry will prove to have worked well for Hong Kong people. Right now it is not too late to learn that we should not put all our

our eggs in one basket, remembering that we have "too many egge in fact, and one basket is not enough for them to be pută. Our young people are crying out for more jobs for them to fill when they leave sanool.

Question: (2) How does a post office serve a modern

community?.

Answeri

It is amazing that for as little as five cents on can communicate with one's friend within the territory of Hong Kong and that for slightly more than the price of a Coke, we can communicate with anyone in any part of the world. This would not have bean possible if not for the existence of the post office.

Sending and delivering our letters are not the onl work the post office does, although this work occupies a greater part of the time and manpower of the Post Office Department. An interesting fact arising from this work is that we nevar question the honesty and dependability of the postren, perhaps because the postal

authorities are particularly careful in their selection of those who are assigned to postal delivery; another reason being that the punishment for opening and wilfully damaging or stealing other people's lettera is very serious, However to ensure that one's letter does arrive at its destination one can register a letter by paying an additional twenty cents. But registering a letter is not a prevention against its loss; it only means that it is possible to trace the Journey of the latter. Of course should a registered letter be lost through the fault of the post office, the sender can claim for a compensation which should not exceed $40 from the post office

Although wired and wireless communications, through the work of the Cable and Wireless Co., Ltd, and the Hong Kong Telephone Company Limited, are possible, many businessmen still resort to the great tradition of communication through the post, partly, because one can say more in one's letter than in a telegram or a telephone conversation, and partly because it is the cheapest form of communication.

If one wishes to send parcels, it is also possible But the post office is very strict about certain things which are not allowed to be sent by post, because they. ususlly constitute an element of danger. Things like explosives, weapons inflammable material, alcohol and poisons are not allowed to be sent through the post. office.

If one wishes to keep ons's residential or business address confidential, one can always rent a post office bax (P.0, Box), which will become the collecting point of one's mail. A P.O. Box can also eliminate any possible mistakes in the delivery of the letters. caused by careless or illegible addressing, and any possible delay in their delivery. A fee of $40 per year is charged for a P.O. Box if rented at the General Post Office, the Tsimshatsui Post Office or the Kowloon Central Post Office, and $36 if rented elewhere.

For business enterprises, the post office provides large sacks with number tags to collect their letters. These sacks can be rented. Businessmen have also known that it is possible to print raply cards in magazines and newspapers and these can be returned by the customers without using stampe which are actually later paid by the businessmen. These reply cards are

convenient in that they save considerable time that may be spent in buying stamps and besides, Buch a method is one way of arousing public interest in and response to a new product

Another service of a post office which is better known to tourists than to local residents, is the Poste Restante. Tourists going to a new country can ask their friends to address their letters to the General Post Office of that city, and the General Post Office will hold the letters until receivera go to claim them, This service is free of charge. It is obvious that the post office has temporarily acted as the address of tha receivers,

In one small respect, the post office can act as our banker, and this is by the remittance service it offers to the community. Should we find ourselvas wanting to send money to friends or businessmen abroad we go to the post office and buy what are known as postal orders or money orders which are somewhat similar to our bank drafts, or banker's orders. For any amount up to $100 the post office charges $1.00 and for every additional $100 the charge is increased by 50 cents. This applies to money orders. The maximum amount that is allowed to be sent within Hong Kong is $400, and the maximum amount allowed to be sent abroad i# $640. The charge in this case is $2 for the first $100 and for every additional 3100 the charge is increased by $1, Money orders can be sent to almost every country in the world. Postal orders, however, can only be sent to Commonwealth countries. A service charge of 2d to the pound is imposed on the customers.

Children have, at one time or another, in the daya of their hobby of writing letters to overseas pen-pals, bought what are known as International Reply Coupons. Each coupon costs seventy-five cents. This is sent together with the letter, and the receiver can bring the coupon to his post office and exchange it for the required postage stamp.

Last but not the least, une post office issuss licences to those who wish to establish equipment for the purpose of sending out broadcasts like those of Radio Hong Kong. The Telecommunications Division of the Post Office is in charge of this service. Engineers in this department also check and inspect places where ^ there are broadcasting equipment to ensure that there is no interference in each other"a broadcasts.

一雙星 日七十月三年九六九一醫公年八十五國民華中

(接第六張第二頁)

一九六九丰中文学会考試題預習

生物科 CH)

·莫愛桐·

(b)怎樣從此實驗求得該土埌容之空氣含量,

(L)此貴験可証明甚麼の

三、右列裝置是試驗所列出100c.c. 水 [00:46, 100 t.6. K

三種出琅之保水力及透過

漏斗 性.當三裝置於同時間內各

棉花 加上100CC 水於諞井上誠 解答下列問題

三種土埌對水之這遇性 (水穿過土垠之速度】為

試解説上列(4) 攻 驗結果之理由

SOCK

SEAT 乾浪

乾糖

2.三種土壤之保水性 為(約經半小時後觀察其保水性)

九試解説上剤(5)貫換結果と理由

誠以鉛筆於原圖上繪出上列(c)項可能之結果,

四右列裝置是試驗所列出 三種土琅之毛細管现象:

a當水槽加上水传,水分於 三種土壤之上升速度為

b. JA MILA F] («) I

·驗結果之理由

經24小時後水於三程 土埌中上升之高度為

2.試解説上列(C)項結果.

之理由。

試以鉛等於原間上舗出上列(c)可能之結果、

前期練習解合:

-治栓開啟時水塔之水流進毛細玻璃管内把氣泡逐至

OC.C. 位置此時間開活栓,以便作男一次資験用

·毛細玻璃管內容水少植物祗蒸散少量之水份,則管内水G 卻有很顯著之移動,此可精確測量蒸腾率.

三由氣泡之移動可指示水分之移動

皮以氣泡相隔著透明之水與紅色的洋和溶液,可明顯示出

氣泡之位置

由研究资料指出植物吸收之水分,用於植物本身(光合作用。 水化作用,生長發育等代謝過程,者僅佔5%,其餘95% 皆经植物体の消失大氣中,故植物蒸散爭率獎吸牧孝似 故觀其吸收率可代表其蒸散擊...

1.申蒸散作用結果、使產生蒸膠動力促健水分上昇

2. 由水分上昇之関係,溶於水之礁物盛向上移動率亦增

此有助於盏類之分佈

可蒸散多餘的水分。

在日間藉水之蒸散可消失一部分陽光之輻射能 使減 低植物体之湿度,不至受高温的傷害

From the foregoing paragraphs it is abundantly clear that the post office serves the community in ̈ng small way as does any economic institution such as a bank or an insurance firm in this age of electronics, and that its services are by no means unimportant, for the absence of the postmen is enough to make us feel- that we have been cut out from the outside world! That we have taken the services of a post office for granted does not mean that a post office is unimportant to us.

Exercise No. 18

(1) What do you mean by 'freedom of the praas!? What?

does it imnly?

(2) What are the chief characteristics of man's wants.

and how are they met?