1968-09-28 — Page 21

LIBRA

WAH KIU YAT PO

嘗教僑華

HALL

日七初月八年甲戊感言

育教僑華

智慧出版社主編

新數學入門

底数的互換(日)

數目作不同方式的组合便可以得出代表 目的不同的數字所以如果有一個十 進的數字 要把它變為其他底數的數字的 時候我們只要把那數目按照新的底數去组有

轉15為七進數字,

以組合可得

0.00

當然在將+進數字轉為其他進數的時候 我們未必一定要用以上町董園方法弐解決酎 在计算上,我們可以利用短除法”去代替綠園組

を果

轉125為8進數字

先將 125 分為8個一堆

看看有多少

15堆乘三個.

0.因為我們現在要,

組合單位所以在15 中我們又把它分成每 唯一份!看看有多少份 结果可以得到一份了七 堆當然,這大堆不能再组成

份

3現在剩下來的结果是...

815

高歩合起集

中學自然科學,堅道英文書院主編

AUTENTREBE, PRAG· HĦAX” MEFIAFMETIA - SETRE KEZLEURAAJŻKISA MESTA

樂指爾电之進行、天菜之預期,城市交通及通訊之录用,銀行界天其他各行業有關數字之間,

「都運用電腦工程,以障時間及人力,亦以上学透,故此可以電關現代社會生活,

電腦保砟世界各國,別力味文,但電腦之操作,專門能,那門問,目前院 - 1957 STUTZVIRZI 一點概念,轉借贷,球學科略作簡介,內容深入淺出,希望各同學用心,洞有疑問,

RUNIS: 56(FS •.

Computers

Until less than a century ago, men tolled manually to produce the very clothes they wore, shelters they lived in, and food they ate. The industrial revoltion brought about invention or machines which automatically made commodities and thus. vastly enlarged man's productive capabilities. The effect 15 observed upon comparing the daily life of a man of a century ago with that of a modern man. Now. we are in the middle of a new kind of revolution, a revolution which vastly increases man's thinking capabilities, of decision making, problem solving, planning etc., a revolution that may in the future have even more far-reaching effects. All these are made possible by the creation of one type of new machines the computers.

Computer is a much talked about, word, few havo (seen one and even fewer, use one. Nevertheless, most

have commented on it at one time or another. To some- computer is open sesame, the password to the

solution of all problems. To many, it is à device from which ridiculous power and light bills originated, but to those who are sufficiently interested, the word

computers bring to mind a series of questions.

is a modern electronic computer? What can a

do? And why are computers so widely used today? Let

1 now look at each question in turn,

To compute means to calculate. A compter therefore

is necessarily a calculator. The ten fingers we use in counting is a computer. The abacus, the first device to help man to perform calculation is also a computer; our brain also calculates and so it also is a computer. In fact the modern electronic computer is not much more than an extension to the abacus and ar extension to our brain, The essential difference is that the modern computers are extremely fast and extremely accurate adding machines having the extra logical ability to compare, to obey instructions, and to answer yes or not

The modern computer deals with numbers, and number only. Fundamentally, a computer does three things (1) inputs (or-reads in) numbers, (2) performs operations on these numbers according to a plan (program), and (3) outputs (prints qut) the answers in the form of numbers. Quantitatively, a typical computer is constructed from electronic circuitry consisting of some 4 of a millión transistors, somewhat like what is inside a television set but only much more complicated. It can read at an average of 100. characters per second, do 1 million Sums in a second and print out answers at a rate of hundreds of lines per minute.

a computer is to perform these three functions of inputting, processing and outputting figures, it must have a number of special units with which to work. A human being for instance, has eyes and ears to register information. The brain remembers these information, and operates on them, and the information is output (orallyy vis the mouth, or by means of the hands in writing. A computer likewise is designed to have these faculties, An input unit is an integral part of the computer. In. the main it consists of a reading device in the form. of an electronic eye, a memory unit which atores

日八廿月九年八六九一麿公年七十五國民華中

information like a magnetic tape recorder, an arithmetic

unit which adds, subtracts, multiplies and divides, and an output unit that is just a kind of typewriter and prints the answers.

which

They are the units which, when put together form a modern electronic computer. They are the units presently revitalise the fields of science,

industry, commerce medicine and numerous: PENDA

Computers are widely used today because they have at least four characteristics that are very useful for solving the problems we want them to solve. They are extremely fast, which cannot be over-emphasised enough; they are accurate; they can store largel

amounts of information to which they have rapid accessi and they are capable of executing long, a complex! sequence of operations automatically

Because of its speed, a problem that'a computer

can solve in 40 minutes would take 40 years of & humani calculator operating for 40 hours a week.Computers permit the solution of many problems that would otherwise remain unsolved. A rocket launched to the moon for instance, sends back signals about its position and trajectory. To guide the rocket on its right course, these signals must be processed very quickly. Correction signals must be worked out from these signals for transmission to the travelling rocket in time.

Computers have very fast access to large amounts) of stored information. Specifically in some computers up to about a quarter of a million numbers each having more than 20 decimal digits can be individually obtained for processing in 1 or 2 millionth of a second per number, then we have a querie or when we come across a new word, naturally we go to the bookself and donsult a dictionary or a reference book. How would you like to have the contents of every book in the school library stored in the memory of a computer and have the computer search the right word for you în à fraction of a second by merely pushing a button? If

von would you need one of these super, inventions.

You can start saving to buy one, it will cost around million Hongkong dollars. You can learn to build one, it will take a minimum of five to six years intensive university education. After all the structure, the operation and the designing of computer

is rather too complicated.

But the principle behind computer, except for very sophisticated ones, are quite commonplace and can easily be understood by ordinary people like ourselves.

Computers run on electricity. We are not duly impressed by the speed electricity comes from the power station to our houses when the switch is turned! on Why should we be over impressed with the amazing speed of the computer which is just the velocity of electricity? Computer's input unit can read, but so can the front door in some of the biz buildings in town,

The electronic eye reads your entry into the building) and opens the door for you while the computer's electronic read head" reads your data and calculates.) That's all. Computer memory units store information. just as commonplace as your magnetic tape recorder or yourLP record at home. Computers can think and obey a sequence of instructions. But look at the switch board in your elevator. Push the 2nd floor and 3rd floor button on your way up and the lift knows it must stop at the 2nd floor and then the 3rd. Computer thinks in the same sense and along the same line,

sag

ol ne computer nave niter to shrouded ignorance of these electronic calculators in a cloud of mystery. This cloud is unwarranted and most probably will lift. soon. The motor cars that roam the streets, and the aeroplanes that fly to exotic places were similar mysterious inventions not so long ago, we are stepping | into the computer era, there is no turning back.

Students must urge themselves on to acquaint themselvest

with these super machines. Whilst the efforts will surely be great, so will the rewards,

8125

ē 15 / TĒTOS

15

TE

每推入個的

於是

17 585

5 剩下的三大堆堆6 個的)仍然可以每兩個组 成一組得一大組(内有3 (D) 70 - ((610)

213

不能再分了社是我們 把結果加起来是..

谁

1-12

16個

18個时

步驟

60g2個為一組 合共得30组没有餘下 这30组,形式是

1谁4個的

組中每二個地组合 可得出15堆来也没有“二 個一堆的剩下了。这1547

刚才得到的15堆每堆 中有一個再料這15堆 185 € X BS JE, 13W @ {10} 為組合単位

2115

得です堆(毎堆八個)形式)

*IF - T# (RR 410)

7堆仍可以以

組末组合可得3個更

堆(每堆16個)剩下一堆(8

81.90

=132/05

同學們要注意的就是在把+進點享代成

3 8.1 as ££ 3 2 12 21 7 3 de Pros At B3BL

所

39 1 1 THE £ 218.7 “没有单個剩下来

Fú w £84 + 36€ 63 B£ 3 (K A # 42 ill Be As of

42 319 ? Je + VI & IF A MI Mfc 37ms f 除數以短除法去除,然後從最後的商散開始 將各次除得的餘款倒瀉上去便可以得出正確 的答案了如

轉132為三進數字

題

3 4 5 6 7 U Z Te Bq € 4

0182

「轉下列數為2進。

000

73

26

©1,00

31132

144.

由最後的肉數開

3114

俐讀上丢便是答案

加上已轉的底歉便是答案

132 =11220132

轉90為8進!

第十五講習题答案:

15=10,15)1=||(14) = 12(13]

=[[ 6 cq)) =il_7; @g=F=721 (7))

-123 (6)=-30 (5.) = 13.3 cas

(=1293)