1968-02-25 — Page 14

1768

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英文中學會試題預習專欄

•

解開

Leonomic & Public Affairs

Lecture No. 17

By K. M. Lau, J.!

Answers to questions in Exercise XIV

Question:

(1) Describe the work and Iunctions of the

Labour Department.

Answers

Labour Department

Supervisory Industrial Training Undertakings

Section

Administration

Section

Section

Industrial

Industrial

Young Persons Health Section Relations

Women &

Section

Section

Trade

Unions Section

Workmen'g Compensation And Oversea Employment Section

}

How the labour Department is organized

Directed by the Commissioner of Labour the labour, Department has to carry out the following functions (a) to inspect factories and see if they are complying

with existing labour laws;

(b) to bring legal action against those who violate

the various labour ordinances;

(e) to conduct managemant courses for supervisors

engaged in local industry;

(d) to promote sound trade unionism;

(e) to settle labour disputes,

(f) to provide training for trade union leaders j (g) to administer the Workmen's Compensation

Ordinance, 1953;

(h) to arrange workers for overseas employment; and (1) to provide job-seekers with information on

employment in local industry.

In order to achieve maximum efficiency the iepartment is divided into eight separate sections, aix of which are under Labour Officers, one under an Executive Officer and another one under a Medical Health Officer (seconded from the Medical and Health Department). The Commissioner of Labour is directly Rasisted by a Deputy Commissioner of Labour who heads a large staff comprising an Administrative Officer, a number of Executive Officers and Labour Officers. Junior staff includes stenographers, interpreters, translators and Clerical assistants..

Administration Section

Planning the day-to-day work of the Labour Lepartment se a whole is the chief responsibility

the Administration Section. It also deals with matters. affecting personnel, finance and the recruitment of new staff.

Supervisory Training Section

ONG

Factory supervisors must be trained in the prevention of occupational accidents; they in turn can teach their workers on how to maintain safety within the confines of their factories in order to reduce industrial mishaps.

The Supervisory Training Section plans and organizes training programmes for these supervisors. The courses usually include use and maintenance of machines and preventive measures that cần be adopte. to minimise the risk factor.

Officers from this section visit factories regularly to give advice and guidance to workers principally on the prevention of industrial accidents,

industrial Undertakinga Section

Officers from this section are chiefly concerned with the study of plans of proposed factory buildings with a view to adiising the Building Authority whether such plans should be amended or not, and

ither they should be approved.

-Befors new equipment is installed in a factory. Industrial Undertakinga Section is consulted in lar to mintain certain standards of safety, an

uired by the Factories and Industrial Undertakings) finance, 1955.

Inspectors from this section pay regular visa com factories to ensure that this ordinance is ictly complied with by factory supervisors anu oprietors, so that all places of work are jğlutely safe for everyone.

A Factory Inspector is always called to the ne of any industrial accident so that after dding a careful investigation he can determine cAU ises of the accident. In this way, similar Äidents can be prevented in future,

“de Unions Section

The work of this section is focussed on advising guiding local trade unions. Courses on trade Ion education are conducted from time to time no lt trade union leaders are taught how tó run their Sons with efficiency and within the laws of ng Kong.

men & Young Persons Section

Labour Officers from this section administer thei actories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance, a aw which protects women and young people employed In local industry.

One of the most important jobs of this section is to see that no one under the age of 14 is employea ʼn industrial undertakings, and children between the e of 14 and 16 are not asked to work for more than hours daily, nor are they allowed to work overtime,

that ther

be given one hour of rest for

WAH KIU YAT PO 缀

every 6 hours of continuous work. Women, on the othe hand, are not allowed to work for more than 10 hours a day.

#

The Women and Young Persons Section also maintains an Employment Information Service which informe job-seekers about existing vacancies in local industry..

Industrial Health Section

The work of this section is chiefly directed towards the maintenance and promotion of industrial health in Hong Kong, by introducing preventive mkgures against occupational diseases.

Regular inspections of factories are conducted by Health visitors who ensure that places of work ar always kept hygienically clean and tidy.

Certain industrial workers such as lead or quarry workers are given medical tests periodically to detect for radio active substances. An industrial hygiene laboratory has also be established to enable Health Visitors to conduct experiments to improve industrial hygiene.

}

This section also investigates workers suffering from occupational diseases, in order to make subsequent recommendations in respect of compensations, It also conducts first aid courses for factory workers, The St. John Ambulance Association has a part to play in this.

This section also helps families of injured factory workers, with the co-operation of the Social Welfare Department.

Industrial Relations Section

Officers from this section recommends and shows. ways of improving labour-managerent relations to both the workers and the management: They explain, for instance, how joint consultation can solve

labour disputes. There are times, when Officers from this section have to act as intercessors to help the workers and the management solve their dispute. Workmen's Compensation And Overseas Employment Section

This section administers the Workmen's Compensation Ordinance, which prescribes the amount led to of compensation an industrial worker sentit. receive in the event of his being injured on fallen

seriously atak while at work.

have to

Officers from this section, therefore vestigate cases of workers suffering from occupational diseases or injuries in order to determine the amount of compensation their emploteri have to pay. Their rommendations (and findings) are forwarded t

det Court if death occur to the inju decision

Thi

workers of cont by Orri

rights also a proces:

Questi

Answer

disputes arbitrat

Whe concern o employer. dispute with. practicably po

is known as "ind:

But when a disput

comprising a large numbëls Impossible for both partieft

case the final

wal to manual

Tork. The terms

fully studies

hat their

this sectic

the

trial

and

Station

GAGN

is humanly and discuss their

BRA

trouble. Instead, each party will appoint one or moré representatives to go to the meeting at which representatives from both sides can discuss the dispute.

They then return to their respective parties. and report the decision reached. If both parties, agree to the solution arrived at the dispute 15 thereby solved amically. This form or joint consul tation is known as "collective bargaining".

There are times, however, when joint consultation fails to solve the dispute. If that is so, the Industrial Relations Section of the Labour Department will step in as a third party to agt as the intercessor. An officer from the Department will listen to the views of both sides, and using his impartiality he will attempt to bridge the gulf separating their agreement. He will try to explain Judiciously to both sides, what the apparent solution,: should be, and if legal points arise, he will interpret the law for them. When both parties accept his recommended solution, the dispute is over. This method of solving an industrial dispute is krawon as monciliation.

Should conciliation fails, then the last method, arbitration, is used. Both parties will then present their case before a tribunal which functions in the same manner as a civil court of justice. This tribunai is headed by a completely unbiased person, known as / the arbitrator, who is appointed by the Governor.

The arbitrator is advised, guided and assistea throughout the hearing of the case by a staff of men and women who are skilled in conciliation work, and who' are fully acquainted with the principal aspects and davelopments of the dispute.

After studying the eläins or both parties, toe ́arbitrator, like a Supreme:Goart. Judge hearing an appeal case, will consult his advisers before making a decision as to what course of action should be takana, to bring the dispute to en impartial end. He then announces his decision, and both parties who have previously agreed to have their dispute solved by a tribunal after conciliation has failed, will now la all probability accept the decision of the arbitrator.) and the dispute therefomu janda.

Extréise No. 17]

1. What do you understand by srv? uiscuss its benefits,

2. Discuss the underground rail system as proposed

recently by the Mass Transport Fossibility: Report

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1968

生物科

習題

生活的 植物体

動植物 的屍体

生活的動物体

發酵與呼吸

植物行光合作用

空氣中的

接弯的循環

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細菌

中間階段的

解産物(土)

腐敗細菌

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细菌的作用彎彎演學。

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(五)氨氮化,物决的分輕常素洲象的作用卻會慧生專

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可食料

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30000

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哺乳類、鳥類的血液循環。

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(未完轉入第四慿第三

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