頁懷第張三第
日三初月正年申戊曆
WAH KIU YAT PO #
四期
日一月二年八六九一慶公年七十五國民華中
育教儺事
048英文中學會考試題預習專欄
生物科 (十四)
Biology (14)
(Answer to exercise of last week)
2. What is gland? Illustrate your”"answer by reference
to the following glands and the function of their secretions:***
(a) a salivary `gland.
(b) a sweating gland,
(c) the liver.
(d) pituitary gland.1
(e) thyroid gland.”
(g) thymus gland.
(h) Islets of Langerhans ♫♪
(1) Parathyroid gland
(j) pineal body.
[ans. A gland is defined as an organ or tissue
specialized in structure and function to producs) jone or more definite substances needed in the
regulation of body activities. The glands are, usually considered as:
Glands of external secretion or exocrine glands; The glands discharge their secretions which aro normally carried away along ducts to the exterior or into the organs leading to the exterior, än example is the liver produces bile, which is carried by the bile-duct to the duodenum where it assists in the digestion of the food.
Glands of internal secretion or endocrine glands ́ These- ductless glands discharge their secretions or hormones directly into the blood stream or lymph which carries them to various parts of thei 'body. §
[(a) a Salivary gland:
Position: There are three kinds of salivary glan, in man, the parotid gland is situated on the upper, back corner of the mouth; the sublingual】 gland is under the tongue and the subraxillary gland is under the lower jaw, 9-
Function: Their secretions are called saliva which is conveyed from each to the mouth alon short duet. The saliva.. acta as a lubricantý ingested food and as an enzyme to predigest" -starch,
(b) "a sweating gland:
*
Position: A sweating giand is found in the skin over the body of a man. Thé gland is a duct coiled up at its base, lying deeply in the dergis, and is surround by the network capillariss. Functions The secretory cells of the gland absorb water with salts, urea and other waste products from the capillaries and pass the through the sweat duct to the surface of skin su sweat.
(0) the liveES!
Position: A five-lobed organ. It lies under the diaphragm and covers nearly all the stomach, Function: Its secretion is called bile which lự stored in the gall-bladder. The bile is one of the digestive juices, ‘and contains no enzyme for digestion, but,however, the presence ɗ alkaline bile salts which act as emulsifying agents to the fat and cause the liquified fat to break down into small droplets, in this way, the fat ia easy, to be digested and absorbed .
14) Pituitary glands
Position: It is an outgrowth from the base of the brain, just behind the chiasma of optic nerve. It divides into anterior and posterior] lobes,
Finations The functionsef anterior lobe secretions are: (1) to stimulate other organa; such as mammary glands and gonads. (11) to activate thryoid gland action (111) to help the growth of bones, and (iv) to stimulate the skin coloration in amphibia and fishes,
The hormone secreted by medulla, causas the. heart to beat fast, blood pressure to increase and more glycogen_to_convert to! glucose,
(h), Islets of" Langerhans:
Position: These appear in 'groups "ambedded in} the pancreas. Their secretions:
(1) help the storage of carbohydrate in thas
form of glycogen in liver and muscles. (11) make the constriction of blood vessels and}
chus rise up blood pressure. (111) Deficiency of this hormone, causes_diabetes,
(i) parathyroid eland:
Position: There are 4 glands lying behind one thryoid gland and are partially embedded in it. Function: Their secretions regulate the content of calcium and phosphorous in the blood, Deficiency or parathyroid hormone lowers the concentration of calcium in the blood; desaraases the excretion of phosphorous and he ta increases the amount of phosphorous in the blood. This condition is known as tatsný, Overproduction of this hormone causes as a {result of soft and easy brokan bonas.
(j) pineal body:
Position: It is a stalked body which lisa between the cerebrum and the mid-brain, just in the front of the cerebellum Function: The pineal body seems as a reduced organ having no known secretion. It ir considered as an inhibitoï for sexual maturity.
2. (a) What are the functions or the skeleton in a
mammal? Give a labelled drawing or the skeleton of the fore-limb of a Named mammal. Describa carefully how its movements are carried out. (b) Describe briefly the following types of jointa :
(1) a hinge joint (11) a ball-and-socket (iii) a sliding joint, giving two examples of each, in the rabbits' skeletone
Ang.
(a) The skeleton of
zain pusposes:
BLLOWME
body.
To support the soft parts thus the definited shape of the body can
maintained."
(11) To protect the underlying tissues and vf
organs of the bouş.
(111) To provide an anchorage for the muscles. (iv) The red arrow performs the productive function of red blood corpuscles.
(#) To provide a lever system on which the Buscles act, thus the movements of the body are carried out.,
Coracout process.
Glensid cavity
digmoid notch
اجد
Suprascapula
Spine of thes scapula
·esapula
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0968
文中
英文科(十四)
4
MRS
+
BENNETT •
English (14)
Answers to Paper XIII
A. had been waiting; had promised; was; had not com;
mua growing; thought; decided; has not turned up;
shall go home; thought; noticed; thought; wäre net, coming; made; have been waiting;
waited; replied; were coming; was; caused; ild not expect; thought; will inve alssed; hurryi ̧ will be have indest
on
B. 1. to 2. to, for, or, to 3. to, at 4. through 5. with 6. für 7. with 8. at 9. with 10.
Út Speaking to mr. Johnson 1 begged his pardon. Turning around he asked me what the matter was. I told hiz I wished to be quite right and keep his direction. So I thought I had better ask whether there would į be any objection to my taking leave of anyone I know, about there, before I went away. Looking as ir he hardly understood me, he said there was none. told him I did not mean in the village only, but also in the town, de affirmed that there was no objection./
D., He is a real day dreamer and always buliding
castles in the air.
2. He has never learnt to be independerit of his
mother and is still tied to her apron strings, 3. We had already done the hardest part of thm work sad felt we had broken the back or it. I. don't often get angry but he always gets i back up.
He is always getting crazy ideas and this is just another thing he has a bew in his bonnet about.
6. He is incapable of making a decision and lacks ---
will power; in fact he has no backbone.
.
7. Don't have anything to do with him; he's a real,
bad egg.
8. As the teacher had not preparad the 18gaon he had
to give it off the bat,
After playing football all day he falt dead beat; and hardly had the energy"to walle noma,
¤0 His action of killing his father would have been
more excusable if he had done it in a moment of passion and not in cold blood.
Paper Lig
BRARIES:
-Mefacromion Head of the
Humerits
PULL Gela
Radius
-Ulna
fend the padɛage carefully woḍ unawar following it›
►
Live Stag 15. Žolia
You can say what you like but the fact remains that woman loiter and idle with a great deal taste
than men.
They waste their time, 1 agrue. They go backpearow and forwards between the dressmaker and the milliner. They loster in front of each shop-window. Their aimless
•pending of the morning or the afternoon often caussa lunch or dimmer to be late. That's all very well but what on earth were you doing all the morning? You can't possibly have spent all tast im buying lif yard of ribbon!"
The functions of "positerior iɔbe ́secrations as w+> [(1) to stimulate contraction of the uterine wall muscles (ii) to retard effect on urine production and (iii) to regulate the matar/ content of the circulatory system.{ (a) Thyroid gland:
Positior. It is situated on the ventral`side' of tracked,“just_below_the thyroid_cartilage of the larynx.
Function: Ita secretion,” thyroixine controls' the rate of metabolism, development and growth of the body. Deficiency of thryoxine causes cretinism in child, myxoedens in adult and goitre. Overproduction of thyroxins increase) metabolic activity, heart-beat and blood pressure and sweating.
(f) Thymus gland:
Position: It is a large mane" of gland and is just behind the sternma.
Function: Ita hormone is said to concern with the development of gonads and seomaly asturity.
((g) Adrenal gland:
Position: A pair of adrenal glanda," one located on the top of the kidney. Each consiste of two parts, the cortex and medulla. Function: The hormone secrated by cortex functions: (1) to regulate the carbohydrates matabolism. (ii) to influence the sex. harsons) activities and (iii) to influence the skin pigmentation. Deficiency of this hormona lsada bronze pigmentation of skin.
Phalanges.
-Carpals -Metacarpals
Diagram showing the forelimb of a Rabbit
The movements of the fore-limb of an anima. Į are carried our mainly by the alternately contraction and extension of two different, groups of muscles, the biceps muscle and triceps muscle, when the biceps muscle contracts the fore-arm is drawn up, hence the lower end of this muscle marks its insertion, whilst the end attached to the shoulder-blade, which does. not move, is its origin. To restore the fore- are to its original position another muscle is brought into play. This muscle is called trics pił muscle, which is connected to the same twO bones as the biceps, but passes behind the elbow joint, when it contracts the arm is i straightened out.
b) (1) A hinge joint: 16 allows movement in oher
plane only. *.g, knee and elbow joints. (11) 4 ball-and-Booket joint : It allows
movement in any plane or direction, e.g. nip sad shoulder joints,
(111) A sliding joint: It only permita two bopa
aurfaces to glide one over the other,
Y
#.g. most of the joints in the wrist and, the ankle,"
Bow, let us look at the logical sale animal. Hə hurries down the street without turning bis head. H sweeps past the shops whose windows are filled with all the things he needs: ties, shirts, socks, jackets, aboum ↑ ue has not the least interest in thes. Daless bo hàn set out with the definite intention of buying something that has become indispensable to him he will not warachas 1o
second or waste s glance at a shop-window
Questions a
11. Explain in your words”the meaning of the words, underlined as they are used in this passage.
2. Why do women loiter in front of shop windows? 3. What sort of answers do they give when their
husbanda ask them what they have been doing all the morning?
4. Why are husbanda aomstimas angry with their answard"? 5. Why does the logical male animal' hurry down the
street without turning his head?
6. Why do you think the writer uses the adjective]
'logical' __ to describe ma?
Cuestions for this week;'
1. Make a labelled drawing of the skin of a sEMG). ** seen in vertical section and give an account Gisha fumo tauna or its varioua ecuposen ta.
2. State the functions of the skin of a mamma.). What
functione of the skin do you consider are similar› to the functions performed by the epiderada of a leaf of the flowering plaat?***
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