1967-12-01 — Page 21

,全部工程可望在一

『由承 講助

現理

代教

育教備頁一第張六第

日十三月十年未丁磨复

TAH KIU-YATT

英文中學會考試題預習專欄

歷史科

(五)

依帆

History (5)

而在聖

兒勒

M.

使嘉 之育 教司

一個的橋想,仲夢的識成學

范粉、綠期並初

干工工程

五期

成發建築有限公司則承建新校舍第一 那一九六九年八月冊始告完成。...,愛眞夫人,雷恩,約,艾伯

J。

·華一座建築物范克廉樓(大學生活中心)之上露辣棰饿群新舍之木塞外圈,本第一倚靠,風基本上盛惠

期明年十月可以完成。

並有隔建築事宜向太區提供建釅。較早,

獻,香港中文大學撒於新界沙田與大胡之一期間,雙邊易委只有供透過香前往沙田 業 所的路,一出世就 間之大部校址,佔地過二百七十三英敗 新耱視察南拓地的工握,她逊情形。一日開始,而且終生終,一直沒常 西的莖體,而我們所學到的東西都是碟&

How far did Louis Philippe's foreign policy contribute to his downfall?

∵ When Louis Rnilippe, Duke.of Drleans, became the King of France in 1830, it was on condition. that he. ruled by a Constitution, The eighteen years of hie reign proved to be a long series of disappointments. Hds monarchy rested on the support of the Bourgeoisie, the well-to-do trading and manufacturing classes. who depended on a peaceful home and foreign policy fom. their prosperity. The old Royalista despised his middle class tastes ; the Bonapartists opposed him because they wished to revive the glories of the Napoleonic era. A.Revolution had installed him on the throne of France, so Austria and Russia regarded him with suspicion. The only ally he had was England, and Louis Philippe was painfully anxious not to antagonize. his one friend. These factors were clearly avidant An his home and foreign policies,

bbin his foreign policy, Louis ruinappe quickly disappointed his people who were used to the glorious Victories of Napoleon. Soon after he became King, Belgium, in defiance of the Vienna Settlement, broke away from Holland, The Belgians invited the son of Louis Philippe to be their ruler, and the majority of the French were enthusiastic. A French prince on the Belgian throne would mean an extension of French: power in the Netherlands. But although Louis Philippe very much wanted to accept for his son, England stood in his way, England would never perit a strong European countries to gain control of the Low Countries, Louds Philippe finally declined Belgium'a offer rather than risk being engaged in a European War. The general feeling. in France was that Louis Fhilippe had been afraid of England, and his prestige suffered accordingly.

迅清自 推嘓 可和想一

可及為新育何

本意的背的安裝蓉智社和

基金目雅

為現對是,清醫向是領一開

一是有過在下的前 租使一步造 來啭 行所

入出

藥

來心爽進

品,藥驗府

There were other examples of Louis Philippe Ya unadventurous foreign policy. Inspite of the dritense Liberal and national feelings of the French Louds. Philippe refused to help the Poles and the Italians in 1830 because he was afraid of the might of Russia and Austria. In-1840, he withdrew support of Mehemet Alt over the Syrian Question when England supported Turkey. On. this last occasion, there was widespread. dissatisfaction with the King's. foreign policy...

·The only incident in which Louds Philippe scored over England was in the question of the Spanish Marriages, He secretly arranged a marriage between his on son and the Infanta of Spain, hpiress to the teac throne. This meant that the Spanish and French coNIS weight one day be united together. France. applauded tbla

ould aet, but England was furious, The French King® lost the only friend he had in Europe, and England stood by without helping him. when he fell from power

1848.

【向上箭署,從而使大學新校批建築工程正,

日一月二十年七六九一慶公年六十五國民華中

中文大學興建工程今日開始

昨簽建築合同

宥及無

所閘症,大及,蔡淳於校

新校址全部地基工程及大學生活中心,於其葉址位於半衍之地區。各學院校舍之一,能變的,努

及大學建築融合之用神。:

簽驿酒式。

|十一日下午三時,在九龍彌敦道官中銀行 大震中文大學辦事處大學校長室行一項 叫范京東揍,之途築工程合同,於昨 造,力求保持其固有之建築個性,同時

大學校址需索委員會於一九六四年

她在忾括主要檢地做,那麼在

成蓋用

由一地

森中成千基 集 大發七工 桉建百程 長樂萬由

兩承約溶

笑公司十及 代費個公 表用月共 完二完建 成百成藥 簽萬 I 約元大程 儀學公

目形式約生司

十活承 個中辦

月心

完上費

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安在,我的定食:

朝義 自然的愛與童目

品嬰市

保挥校品

放牛做安

At home his government continued its policy of epression. The franchise was limited to the wealthv and the needs of the working classes were ignored. The Industrial Revolution had just begun in France, and the factory system, wily all its attendant evils "of Long hours and Low wages, were causing great

suffering, Socialism, particularly that brand developed by Louis Blanc in his "Organization of Tabour", took hold of, the minds of the factory workera; The government adopted a policy of laissez-faire, aa it was afraid of offending the manufacturing. fclasses. Trade unions were vigourously suppressed.

a were strikes, Aside from two acts providing elementary education for children and limiting the employment of children in factories, nothing was done to improve the bad.

bad conditioris.

The

King made no effort to meet the growing demand for reform. Opposition to the government took the form of "heform Banqueta", Rioting broke out in Paris and barricades were erected. The army went over to the people, and Louis Philippe had to leave. France in ignominy.

The Orleanist Monarchy fell not only because of its peaceful foreign policy, although. this was one- of its chief causes. It fell because it failed tco gain the support of the entire nation. It relled upor only a small seation of the population - the middle class the manufacturers and traders. But even the middle class was allenated because he had offended England over the question of the Spanish Marriages. Those who dreamed of a revival of Napoleonic glories: found that Louis Philippe seemed a coward" in comparison. In hie attempt to keep on the good alde of all the European Powere, he had passed. up many occasions in which he might have extended French influence abroad, His reign might have lasted Longer, if he had worked for a programme of eoclal reform, thus gaining popular support. A more vigorous foreign polioy might have appealed to French patriotism. He failed in all these, and when he was overthrown, the Orleans Monarchy was mourned by

very few.

What were the causes of the Taiping Rebellion?

The History of the Ching Dynasty recorded: frequent.. rebellions during the years of its rule.

·The Manchus were regarded as allene, and there were many attempts made to restore China, to the Chinese. This was especially so during the 19th century, when Ching power was on the decline and Ohina was often attacked by foreigners,

The most aerious of these rebellions, and the one that almost succeeded to bring dom the Chings was the Taiping Rebellion which split the country into two between 1850- 1864. This was fundamentally

BRAY

s peasant uprising, the underlying causes of which were the discontent of the multitude with their Living conditions and the inability of the: Ching Government to deal effectively with these evils. The Rebellion was conceived in widespread social economic distress, Aation whose principle ccoipation was farming found it had not enough land. under the plough to support 1te: growing" population. What land. there was not developed to dts ful1 potential. Land was in the hands of a small number of landlords, And the Chang Government held 601 the country's farm-lend. The peasants were burdened by heavy taxes and levies, The farming methods were primitive, and production was small. Natural disasters Like floods and droughts added to the hardships of the peasants. Often thousands became. wandering beggars, or joined outlaw societies to become brigands, or just starvad to death. This unhappy situation was further aggravated by the increase in population with many more mouths to feed, Between 1740 and 1840, the population tripled. Some Chinese emigrated overseas, preferring an uncertain fate to certain starvation. at home. But the Chine Government did not encourage migration.

There was no other industry worth mentioning that afforded an extra source of income, The handi- craft and home industry remained subordinate to the agrarian Industry, And what little manufacture there was in China soon died out when European-made, goods began pouring: into China after the Opium War. On the national sosis, the Chinese treasury found itself in difficulty. This was due to several causes, the most important of, which was the cost of the Opium War and the indemnity paid to the British after

the War. The smoking of optim, which was becoming: increasingly popular, caused an outflow of silver. A: third reason was the corruption of Government: officials who often lined their pockets with the taxes collected from the Long-suffering, peasants, or with relief money from the Central Government.

The Chinese masses blamed the Ching. Government. for their miseries. It was true that the latter seemed to care little for the Common, people, and its weakness made it unable to cope with all these.. troubles. Its officials were corrupt and incapable, and the machinery of administration was inefficient. Under these circumstances, it was hardly surprising that the discontent of the people soon came to a head when the pleasure-loving Halen Feng became the Emperor in 1850.

The Rebellion that rose up in 1850, began in "the South. It was led by Hung Hsin-Chuan, a former, village school master Hung was born in Canton in

1814. As a young man, he sat for the civil service : examinations in 1836, but he falled. It was during: this period of disappointment that he first heard of God from Christian tracts Words of Warning to the World. " In 1837, he took the exams again and failed. He fell ill, and during his illness he han fantastic dreams. In these dreams, he saw an old. man who told him to drive out all evil. In 1843, friend of his revived his interest in religion. It suddenly. dawned on Hung that the old man in his dreams was God and that he had been appointed by God to stamp out all evil. From that moment onwards, his whole life was changed. He began to think of himself as God's second son, and Jesus Christ a眙 his elder brother. He probably believed that he was destined to become the Emperor of China.

Hung. and the few followers he collected were baptized and they began preaching, this new faith in their native village, One of his followers, Fung Yun-Shan organized the Society of God Worshippera In Kwangel. On the surface, this Society was purely religions, but eeveral close friends of Hung new. the secret that he intended to overthrow the Chines and make himself Emperor...

In 1851, Hung felt himself strong enough to defy the Ching Government. The rebels clashed witn the Imperial troops, and captured the city of Yungman, in Kwangai, In this city, Hung proclaimed the Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace (Tai-Ping-Tlen -Kuo) and he himself assumed the title of Heavenly King (Tien Wang). From Yung-an, they pushed on to Kwellin, then Wuhan, the centre of trade of the Yangtze River, The Taiping's ultimate goal was Nanking, which fell to them in 1853. It was renamed the Heavenly Capital, and remained in rebel hande until it was retaken by the Chings eleven véars later.

any did Napoleon 111, who began his rule as a dictator, finally turn into a Constitutional: Monarch?

Define the Taiping System of Government, Why did the Rebellion finally. fail?

In answer to a reader's question on the syllabus of the School Certificate History Papery the writer wdahey to clarify. a statement, made in the "Introduction" was stated that dandidates are required to ansWAL questions from at least two sections and more than three from each section. The not state that a candidate must answer three:

questions. But it is suggested thi questions should cover as many: different possible, to offer variety, and to avoid repetitions of the same facts

The writer wishes to apologize for caused to candidates.