1967-04-01 — Page 13

CITY

VA HALLE

經鴻儒育健護

四

日二廿月二年末于麻宴

WAH KIU YAT-PO

英文中學會考試題預習專欄推

歷史科 (十二) 黃文謙。

CHISTORY (22) By Mr. WONG Man-Hymn

Answers.

(41)What territorial disputes in Europe were particularly dangerous to the peace in the nineteenth century?

The Congress of Vienna disregarded the sentenc of national self-determination and drew boundaries which were almost certain to cause trouble. Consequeny tly, Germany, Italy, and Belgium had to win the ir Treedom by force of arms, during the 19th century. ANOT even after the Fiberation of these three nations, many disputed territorities remained to endanger peace. Far) example, Italy still desired certain provinces of Austrian - Hungary Empire (particularly Trent and Trieste) which were inhabited by Italian-speaking people. France Longed td reconquer the provinces of: Alsace and Lorraine, which Germany had taken from her| in 1871. In Eastern Europe there were many "oppressed) nationalities, such as the Poles and Czechoslovaks, who hoped to win their independence, In the Balkan: Peninsula the claims of the various states to each

other'a territories caused to wars in 1912-1913. and!t Lanmand Jikely to cause many more.

Territorial disputes might possibly have been less dangerous if all nations had been willing to recognize the principle of self-determination by. allowing the people in any.disputed territories twitte "decide what nation they wished-to belong. Such a

popular vote is called a "Plebiscite". Plebiscites. ware employed on several occasions in the middle of t the 19th century, but after 1671 they were no longer. used. No nation would run the risk of losing a provin- ce. For Instance, Germany would not dream of allowing" plebiscite in Alsace-Lorraine or in Prussian Poland. Each nation believed in self-determination in cases where the nation might again territory thereby, and wach opposed self-determination in cases where therey was a risk of losing something:

(42)What Powers belonged to the Triple Alliance? To the

Triple Entente ? Explain how each of thése interma tional combination was formed? /

ANS (A)The Triple Alliance (1882):

After Bismarck had defeated brance in 187190 Pand completed the unification of Germany, he began a new foreign policy. This was tafold: he wished to prevent France from: becoming so strong that shea

could wage a war of revenge, and, secondly, he wished to surround his country with: frfendly: powersy All this was intended so that he could build up Germany internally.. This was the reason for his: formation of the League of Three Emperors, the Emperor of Austria, the Keiser of Germany and the (Czar of hussia. It was formed n bertin in 1872.

but did not last Long, Russia and Austria became

bies after the Congress of Berlin (1878), German however supported Austria, and made an alliance with her in 1879.

When she had been the ally of Prussi Prussian War Avit

isolate she wished

Austro

was France. for France, stil supported the Papacy France had also annexed unisia which the Italians

had hoped to take. Thus Italy, united with Austria! and Germany in 1882 in the Triple Alliance, Austria) Germany were to help tf she were attacked by

France Italy

ly would likewise help Germany in the same circumstances, but she did not promise to help Austria. Germany wasnow protected from / Russia by Austria and from France by Italy.

Triple Ententes -

The rival system of alliance was also built fup by France, Ruesia and Britain to protect them

150 gebeded the Triple Alliancealed by Coranyk

Thda system was called. the Triple Entente which was a combination of three separate alliances among these three countries.

The Franco-Russian Alliance 1892:

After Bismarck's dismissal in 1890, Germany position grew steadily weaker. When

the young German Emperor William II failed to

renew Bismarck

became the ally

treaty if Franc

Hanoia would help

aty with the Czar, Rússla France in 1892. By this:

should be attacked by Germ

and similarly,

Russia should be attacked, France would go to her aid. This eli langulmekamented by large

loans from France to hussta

The Anglo-french Entente: 197

Mr. France next sought the friendship of England. In 1898 these tio Great Powers almost came to blows because both were attempting to conquer the yptain Sudan. By iving up: her

territory, France paved the way lation. A few years later, in

claim to th for a recons

treaty was signed by which France)

England to control Egypt-while promised not to oppose French claims Sco. This secret agreement was the begin

the Entente cordiales for cordial

(understanding between Franse and England. It was

not a formal alliance, but it was almost as

stron

One of the chief reasons why England thia Pact was her alarm at Germany's

growing navy -

Sam: and trade.

Anglo-Russian Entente. 1907-

Three years afterwards, England concluded dlar Entente with Russia, the ally of

ngland and Russia had hitherto been. rivals in Asia, especially in Persia. But by the agreement of 1907 Russia took northern Perala að her sphere of influence. Great Britain/ took the southern corner, and other disputes. between the twa powers were amicably settled. Thus ngland was bound to France and Russla almost equivalent to ali Lances, and Rusala were held together by a fir This group of three Great Powers N&5 called the Triple Bntente.

Kyance an

Questions

Causes and results of the intern 905, 1908-1909 1911, and 1912-1917

Was Dest

La nation win the war?

for the First World War

辣舞妆

譯身項外跑見從

交活進航動學更

按掉之每賽陳們少、

无效日於小室

工晶

試口校專師葛 期考補為日四

體教

學鏡

·第各協

全勝主簡合風

仁除席乃R 美伍陳傑

2表錫之

昨假大會堂頒獎

蛋演添夫頒

·娛致人!

賓飼主將

舞

比

草概

時一十至半時十午上

黃附,組立學一样啦 血小钜冠上,正

玷道高

中文中學會考試題預習專欄

歷史科

第十八次預習題答

C五)试冰鴉片之夜以前廣州 「響)鴉片之役以前之廣

貿易之常態觀之,的 請者謂之爲

有之雙能更乎习

有建立正常國際關係

清廷之重機驅

宜君

国有考灵三世界史科部份) 您A部「中飯異若力之医保护)

期

一事假活動計則以怡有詳細公佈。規則,今年全港八十萬多余的中小學青年學子,

畫,立上午校(篱米斯勝宙,各小學陳中西方國際社)代表本鹉参加第十码澄東 ),李立除大坑東宮在劉澤洪雷知出傷

殷巧兒昨日返港

年會,香港小就乘高裔,愛下過公開獎斯計劃,美國公立服務委員會,香港, 在集體生活中,接受更好的基隆教育,和舒解他們本日在校「死管死刨]的煩惱·

桂香隊

黑白苖全套

換有間關政中

康聯昨東

校際中小學土風舞比賽

英良佐治工

長者為英人湖人之貿易。其形態不能以日後一國際 發力瑜假手於具有待在之商人,两庾則無外交關係

抹於《際天堂,對人類世界之經濟空呢一無所知,即對政府應 無灰部、從英人营之的待之極險的歐洲之國際,在此天

學伯藥保校

速

學藥中局演特

九京西酪叶滋。。

人體面國牛組分

,淑各配發東

美梛迄未作此提示。中英正常外交關保爲次戰伊之結果,髭廃拌 有美所操約,故中浩外交關係悠仍符於戰爭以後始行难士),馬大學,

買安無小民踐務,天朝日瑆屬,不便及此;二爲外人信!5 性,領要 資通有別。因而對商薄必須維持商人自理之原則,對外人必須事里抽

创由此而來,規定外人認國人質確藝方均必須經由行商,外人。

外箱有所揭示亦必須經由外商,而行商安格之取得則必 (當日廣州之行商無真、時階級,既篇外商與國人之中間人,

,特製之你有雷史;故行英與奮與勾結,則無享不可爲 類公道、南榮倉用等均可證諸腦後,外有冷不能獲得合理之

装盆咗

愿演由時中生

產製不直接病之原則;猛者與翡端人㸁外人之坡期漢人反清,故又不願放英人與病理。

|自由往遗,廣州

【與您由清廷官吏之

亦篇外人與清廷官

凡麼綠雞豬、民族利書、 待遇,意中蛋换。

废州之行商以洋行名義對外人從事國號,強行有一聯合組織,今日進行。在鄭末年廣 州加入公行之南行共有十六家,至乾隆秬縮寫于三家。此後制配者一或因外帝之反而没 「止,蔬安恢復。

與带行指對急外商商站,當時爲名商舘,或稱夷雒,地址均與落行相近;當時商站本。

住於商罪,每年外輪夏末秋初載貨策來,即就痛紀生疲 王商館過多。此与蛋三官大所

租借

餐,其到印度也,宾同 以妨碼其菊發,包有反抗亦可 1裔,無流学亦不足以其欲;

对亚洲的侵略,第一個目標部印

的辦法處理之

亦類篇與印度的情况

可自印度河口

來拓威之私

*取得其之

包為一具有治理殖民地及異外國

十九八七大五四。

衡量借力屋

九三八三八

七六五四三

上官民非满人、自带好再合

0三六

·四

暖度佳,

千七七七七七七七七七

烏及四四::

十九巷

將包”

第三塲至第九六化四十

爆炸

九八七六五站,被

明特

變化,與及及情更强之寓,今次境有利,不可婆很了, 實則六化館,一分四十秒正,末段二十八秒),再况供担 ,或者,治沉得太久,糸脸扇区天期的模故罷,昨麦茶 際上,乾地速度亦不錯,做一些勇熊取,不可以說。 「馬電強」今年度亞在勇境之中,可没出略爲皮 十二秒二。在發力均匀,狀诈害勇。過去以附设也出色,

威特霸富輕飄感

輪步頭更生猛

飛沙的一次參加一個弈,洪地如不太慢,取勝之乎對照。

的段

生國

十九八

这天,若用主要传师工作機構已知有閉聯合行動,分玑進行加強今年該項工作之,校內影巾舞),匯亞前按此造入个装室。

●可若仙女

席萬其期

一月陪年七六九一层公

與求

分康

万樂十 詳性萬 細之青 計

少

劃期年

生均

定姿

招而

待富

記教

文恵院:珠立育三位大之近郊新殿。

據悉,遊山人效视含自置地度过

月助楘但輕豆

生完要

七程局

勵發

類小人司新可

青年工作機構為學子安排暑期生活

今年聯合行動

教界人士投資慈雲山

建興

興具模英書

馬經

文

文英

美院書

該校工程可在尤月前完成

第九次賽馬磅位公佈

喜欢戒

會百窣在恩澤山山遠。在城市計 教育界人士刻正投产 目前已的遠七十蕙人

聖佐治盃都得受考驗

馬熱門居多 馬須防爆冷

友誼

七霫石 ·

第三

设佐治杯來,寫得負一

報中加

都須

黑道∵灣每星期一期期期

期期新期期六,

第四四四四国国家小鲜

年月

榨秋京十月十四日媒,以范明年五月十一日煞科,此本第 下季即一九六七至六八年度賽馬日期,昨徑周會規定公佈, 首次賽馬首天十月十四日,

賽程共編廿三天

·四月各三天,十二月、二月,五月各两天。 週年大事仍是明年二月下面要职,分三個週末角落,安將馬 少十一月及三月府馬爲爱多,共計館月四天,十月

改天,三月二日、

作者