1965-05-16 — Page 23

日六十月四年乙膺。

WAH KIU YAT PO

CITY

19659文中華試題預書專欄

團

華僑教育

地理科

練習二十二

(廿三)

答案

金寶楨 • 」

試題預習專饼

劉玉領。

六全街

地理科 (廿三)

GEOGRAPHY (Feat.23):

19. (a) What have contributed to the growth of lone Kong as a

tourist centre?

Eb) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of long song)

ns on induatrial centre.

(a) Tourism has become one or the Colony's major industries As a source of foreign exchange earnings for Hong Kong, it is second only to the textile industry. The chief factors that have attributed to this phenomenal growth aret

(1) Is geographical position: Hong Kong lies in the

interuational trade route, It is easily reacheil by air or by water from S.A., Western Europe and Australia. It goes without saying that it is s great toruist centre in the great area of the Pacific and the Far East. Its good harbour and airfield help a lot in bringing in people. (2) Climate: October to March are the best months visit Hong Kong. A pleasant, fine, dry nutuan Fasts from mid-septeuber to the beginning of November. Temperature, humidity and rainfall are then all decreasing. The second half of October is usually particularly aggrecable, with clear sunny skies and an average temerature just belov 70°F. It is just the time for the Europeans, and Americans to leave their cold winters and for the Australians to leave their summer 'heat. 1)Scenic beauty: The hilly nature of the Colony giver rize to many features, attractive to visitors, for example, its harbour, waterfront, beaches, peal and rural landscape, The New Territories present

to the visitors a glimpse of farming life in China.

ica typical small farms, terraced fields and

stensive cultivation, methods. The floating population

#4 Aberdeen is unique in European eyes: Hong Kong is

allon referred to as the "Pearl of the Orient"-

a blending of the East and the West,

Free jürt policy: A great range of coomustities is

available at attractive prices for the tourista, This includes both local and foreign, products.

Shopping fills most of the visitor's fins in Uongkong. Although there has been a tendency for prices of popular goods to rise, bargains are still plentiful

~(9) Promotion by government and private enterprises: There

háp heen rapid and imaginative development in catter of receiving incoming visitors, by air and by ses, and improvement in facilities for the tourist such

ns hotel accommodation and other amenities.

{b} The disadvantages of Hong kong as an industrial centre are:

(1) seateity of land suitable for industry: Industrial

development in Hong Kong is handicapped by a lack of level fand ouftable for industry, keea competition: for such land us is available and the high cost of site torin e tin in the Colony's predominantly bill

(2) Shortage of fresh water la a constant problem

11 The supply of electric power is dependent on imparted

149 Versusiy mài rav materials have to be imperzed, for). instance, cu ton for the textile industry, rubhaz

151 The government's aacepted policity of non-interswimuci

with economic fares precludes subsidies or protection of any kind. There are no protective tarafts behind Local industry can shelter and develop on a fira, basis of internal consumption. Foreign competition especially that from Japao has become a serious problem to be faced. Hong Kong faces increasing obstacle to the free flow

of its exporta, Foregin discrimination and restrictions. block one, siarket after the other. The most important was the British Government's decision in October to impose a 15% surcharge on all importa, except foodstuffn and raw materiala.

The chief ailvantages, are!

(1) 169 ponition and harbour: Hong Kong lies on the crossroada

between the bast and the West. Shipa call at the part

frequently and regularly, With its well developed⠀ ⠀⠀

docking facilities and excellent harbour that has only

a small, tidal runs, it can let in raw materiala at

relativsly chenn costs and manufactured goods can be

shipped Abroad quickly in a like convenient manner, in. addition, it is situated at the entrance to South China.

which offers a tuitable parket and promises almost an. unlimited supply of cheap labour.NE

(2) there is a large working population, “Industrious, thrifty intelligent and adaptable, allied with the traditionally. far-ranging interest and connections of the merchentag community. Widespread skill in merchandising techniquen immerited from the entrepot ara and higuly developed banking, insurance und shipping systems have obvious Is decelerated liong kong's industrial growth.ns

(3) Capital. The general facility with which instry may be "established and conducted in Hong kong bas attracted investora. Capital resourcaa come either from lood) residents or overseas -- America, Australia, Britain, Japan," and Indoneein,

(5) The political stability of the territory and th

official policies have encouraged enterpriss. llongkong is free from political up-heavals and strife which are so common in S.E. Asia. Government aid in giving...... Interest-free loans and subsidies, as well as the freedom from a very heavy form of income tax on profits have direct effect upon industris) development. Indirectly,-government-sponsored schemes of setting up new industrial satellite towns to compensate for the general lack of factory sites, of constructing large reservoirs to offset the water abortage problem etc. bave Jaid the prerequisites for expansion in this #phere.

Geographical position of H. K

What are Tua oconnations of the people in ofctures 4 à 6 For picture 4,

(1) Account for the growth of this industry to Hong Kong (11) to want ways has government héland development in /

1.分水種或稱分水嶺,凡能使河水分流之高地山嶺,都分水綫,其高低無分別,各泡開 均有之•艾將中國各大河之水疑舉列如下:一

(A)內流川水系與北冰洋水系之分水耗能阿爾泰山,麼勢烏拉山、批彌山、肯特山、都劉龍 山,山嶺以北之河流注入北冰能,以南無內號用。

(B)內流川水與印度洋水系之分水機锻喀拉崑崙山與岡底斯山,山嶺以南路測注入口網淨 *以北為內流止。

(C)內流川味腿太平洋水系之分水钱為唐古拉山、可可斯立山、起連山、賀蘭山、登山、 大興安嶺、山以靠河流注入太平洋,以西篇內流涨价。

(D)北冰洋水與太平洋水系之分水後寫外頻失後,此嶺以東之河流主ㄟ太平洋,以防人 北冰雞$

(E)印度洋水系與平洋水系之分水耗為唐古拉山及怒山,以溝注入太平洋,以西注入 印度洋(哭)

2月份識綫絲滨影響大,大都作系西向,發與緯絶平行。七月份等類,受海酸影 響大於受親度影響,放往往國北一地線登機,而溫現竟然相同,全國三學長熱之區,不是奈 低約度之南海諸島,而是稍北之內,沿海地力味品總裁與海岸平行。

一月份10 °C (50°F)澗綫,大致經開嶺,以帶,冬帶溫暖,全年均含生類學齡、夢無 冬區:以北則否。一月份0°C (32°F)等濕後,大飲與秦嶺、淮河減相合,義以北洲水縮水; 以確則否。南部所连茶、米,以此純展北界純。

七月份22*C(71.6F)滿過東北地方之哈爾演,故興安嶺北部,至今而仍凉爽,屬 ̇無數區,七月份28C(824°F)在北上,河北始折循西入從土高原,此表示夏季新

北熱不滿於潮。(圖一)

3.中國東部淘非较近,因而多雨,西北部深處內鑒,海風難涕,因而少補。東生華水氣來 自太平洋,故本部各省雨最大形由南市北漸減;東北雨量大約由東向西漸熱。西半號並無規則,蒙 新區北臺南,因其濕無來自西北方。兩波常多於北,因其濕氣來自印我。全國長多雨之區, 以大阪城都“霄爲府(年雨量1600~2000公里),由於地當海風之衛,且又多地形雨、對浤澄、 風雨之故。但以小鷹城而言,則爲到解出,會有年滿1000公庫之紀錄,但平常椒1938廠,為全國 雨朵紀錄之最高者,由於峩關山矗立於四川地之中,轉多地形消之故。次爲台灣北部差港附近 之火線安6076公厘。粛對最少之處為是新沙漠區,新盛之哩莞儺4.5公開。

中國東幣風來自濕潤之海洋,多學來自乾燥之內酸。故年中最顯著之週期性,「豆雨冬版 」爲大之特色。多帝由西伯利拒次來之西北風,因滿拆關係,玉中成為北風,富南則成東北風 *此京北國經海洋電新吸取濕氣,故龜南多令,可稱得雨,因此南市最年篩分配,較為平均,不 似車北之集中順

中國量多恩季風颱風或溫帶掟風所帶來,風來臨之遝早,時篤不同,而掟風之路綫亦些次 各異,因此各年間雨量之變化甚大,樱成水學災之直接原因,尤以北為苦,故案有中國災荒地之:

4.演湖區包括台灣、高莼、羽版《海南感除外)。北囘帶減問過本區中部,大部份熱帶氣 侯,海洋性強,年平均温約22C2年温差小,雨量極豐沛(1500平地-2000公獲山地)

無正(一月份温房10 • C以上),莫事長辦七、八個月:秋多對,暴風 可作代表。

̇中區包括長江中下游及四川盐地,為正式溫帶氣候,年平均退15-20C,至少有五個月 平均誠: 20°C以上,有明顯之四季穩化,多不甜冰(一月平均溫度0°C以上,10*CUTI 開放革南區少,年雨量約750-1250公厘。精量分佈由北向南增多,春末初(四、五月間 | 盘漸多,乃溫帶於風所帶來之梅期,重學由海的隆之年風雨,上海可作代资

∵泰北區包括長城與淮河之間黃河中、下游,區內年平均溫10-15 • C間,年溫冷30 • C以 上大陸性粥谶著,季之然變與南力相等,各則嚴寒,河水結冰,西北风猛烈多褭·年雨量: 750 公掘以下(409公司-700公應限),大部份集中於更準,各帶腐少,且各年間施李甚大。天津时

་ 東北區包括大興嶺段票,北地方大部份。多年必然有五個月以上之月不均温在0°C以下

·雨量約與確北區相同(年刷量460-750公州),因紅底俘,然發較小,故少水學災。雨量分佈 大愛由東向西拔,你有帶冠於全國,生長季備五六個月,時而洋制備高,謝於汫重。長響 可作代表。

约(A) 中國所特產,世界90%衛盘出自中國,其中70~80%出自集北。東北地方人口 稀少,粮食需要不及關內急切,故軍北成主要區。其餘北區之山東、河南亦甚秀、

(B)茶號於榮混以本,購繫秘茶,濕度較大之向陽山城地下江南丘院、寒前沿湖玩映。 台灣為您主要產地

(C)小麥屬學田作物,分佈或稻米糯膩,中國小麥區在長江以北,約以1000公區等細純爲用 異,長江以南,小麥南量帶,江淮間發、麥片(夏米、多少),強北取與高粱、小米·燕

·城以外地區多寜寒冷,作物難生長,小麥於春末夏初下程,秋季收爲名澳區;故長城偶多要之北 界。小麥之西鳌慾北而酸變,黃河下游平原、松鳴平原均爲重要之小

CD)甘屬該南區之主要查品,生長於平原區,宜高溫多雨。以合灣西岸平原南部查量表

香

*關南、南廣之平原及河谷始爲

6.稻米生產界稱:以秦嶺治和

水稻米萩•間有小數區域奶油

5,年雨量1500公

此懂以南多否過於變差, 不過冷,不宜於此做下段,

北园生長學頭兩量不足(年雨整750公臟以下) 平原、汾谓殺地,西北乾燥區之築,皆聞精料。 與10 * (一月份)等混痩相符,機以南全年均

合尚可转其他作物。海南島受地,等可三楼。 全東設進出杭州是口,約相當於1250公厘清越。

港亦断者發之南振源,約典是城到相當,睡以北多

年

·煤您主要之部動力,中國也個是滿之首位,黃土高原之晉、陕、甘三省及其遍級之頻您合 對,佔全國之百分之八十五以上。天然張、山席、川、糜、蟹、貴等區,惟多有未經開發選蝶 區有:遼寧之撫順,山東之剳莊、牌山,河北之開灤,并區,然河之自新,北票,合江之鶴、密 山、依割、山西之大同、华宗、太路,陝西之鋼官、韓城、黑縣,河開修武縣之燃作,去陽除之六 河響,新任之迪化、電車、城城、四川江北、巴縣,贵州之铜拌、實際,骏南之家康、開選、江 西之鄉。

二演之主要分布地(←(A)白山之報,主要錦理、安東三省佔全國燕量六成以上。 (B)蟹、爽、熟、綏區四者約佔四份之一。(C)間、县、淮南多爲近年到現諸區。(D)江南 丘晚爲縣、湘、帶、穀四省。(B)川、綠、紫、贲位武較偏僻最求較少

08.中國所南星可分四類,分遞如改

利用海水曬聲,北方沿海沙洋區,乾燥期較長,適於瑰鹽,江形之淮南、淮北• 河北產地在渐渐平舉,以因應來使設於齊察,在彌糖),故疵箱旁長就里。南方沿海省份浙、授

(B)升级利用鹽井之水,職刨成賽靈,稻斥鹽。以四川產量最多,城閣大之。而色名之 自震市恩滎濟名產地。

QC)冰,西北乾燥區多餘內洗川區,湖泊多溫餘水湖。山西解濕之軀池,最為著名辖河联 農。李票之北那他罵古蘭進池,青海之茶卡運,雖外斯去飞稱北口質

▶. (D)岩,數量少,其中以湖北影城示署,四川、新佩亦會出

9.中國將走澳路一大義街1(天)千浦建路(叉魂京溪撤路)及考澳取路,(B)洋浦鐵路及 发湿鐡路(艾稱應變聚路)。

OCA)镜自1997年10月長江大觸正式通車後,便與接認來,改稱旟飲除。由北京(北平)型 澳口1215公里,錦昌至廣州1996公里,此後發貫诺河流域资河流域、長江酱统和零江流域,是南北

∵交通大動脈、乘北,跪北的機器和淇裝得運審中、李南,跟中確南的稻米,稀有金屬,副熱帶 及食作物得超遠東北和警北,成压南北做物交流的主賽路線,沿缺由北面南,泰北區屬新北氣區 ,大陆性灣見與者,年溫差達30°C以上,夏季酷熱,而多季動樂,西北佩系烈,多風砂。年網盘 400-750公里大部集中於夏季七、八兩個月,且各句費率越大,常發生天災。中段寄中氣健區, 有明顧之国发 (為正式之溫帶氣候,夏樂而多涅,多不都在I°C(一月份)以上。年雨量約 750-1250公餸,除7市風出外復有機購。南致屬速南氣爽區,鋡耶然帶性氣候,海洋性發,年溫 蜂亦小,克李禄座長達七、八個月,無真正多年,一月份在10 *以上,年長饗準,除不照購外

,又有颱風帶來柴胡

(B)親由天津圣湖口1009公里,下關(南京)李上部311 公里,中醫長江。爲沿海省區之開 北交通幹錢,聯繫起中國最大經工業基地(東區)和最大淇、排、菸車查區(北區)、由北糨 常縱貫海河流域,天河流域,預污费城遇長江口,沿染夠適地勢平坦,均為是作物大陸置、沿碼北 我屬筆北氣候,南覽中氣候。(詳鳥對起)。(圖三)

10,中國竊走鐵路二大幹稱ICA)海鐵路及蘭新線路(BO斮就像路和湘桂蒙路•

(c) For picture U,

(1) What is the chief produce in this area?

Describe the yearly routine adopted by the workers, (ii) Uutline the receĉt banges in the emphasis placed on the various kinds of goods which may be derived from soils in Hong Kong.

(a) The occupations are fishing and farming in picturs A & B

respectively.

(b)(i) Fishing has become one of the most important industrie

in Hong Kong on account of the follows: There are vuluable fishing grounds hard by Surrounding Mongkong are warm, shallow seas which allow sunlight to penetrate to the sea bed and provide abundant feed for fish. There is a stable market arising out of the population's need for catches since fish from sea 18 among the staple food of the Chinese. In addition the highly indented coastline and the exiatence of many. off-shore islands provide good shelters for fishing villages and good fishing harboura,akaa 111) Government aim is to foster orderly orderi

expansion and development of the fishing industry. The Agriculture and Fisheries Department offers special services which may be classified into five groups: Extension; Research, Co-operation (including Marketing and Credit) and Education. Extension work includes investigations into and demonstrations of fishing methods, the introduction of new fishing techniques, the promotion and sound development of a teclianisation program and the training of fishermen for certificates. The fisherie research stefion under taked biological and ocean- graphical investigation of the Continental Shelf from Fornos to the Gulf of Tonkin. It also conducta.

into the sulture pearl oysters and pond Tish. The departseta administers the Fisheries

Development Lasn Fund (s empital of 85 million) which is allotted specifically for the development of the

日六十月五年五六九一胺公丑班十五国民零

(A)綫由江蘇鐵席甘熊蘭州1765公里、永登103公里再向西入新亚辣、青錢表 緊沿然綠選北廠,使一向經濟落後之西北,得以發展。其所藉藏當養類,得以向沿海區赖建$ 海工業品及長作物亦可供港區人民利用

(B)機浙褒義路由浙江之杭州至湖南之棟州91 公里,湘桂學路由湖南之衡陽至廣四之率 開1025公里,沿途徑有友稱:黔桂帶路,貴州,(州>洙(江)鐵路湖常賽東。此種匙雜費 瑚理、關中、蜚幹線。泰駕沿海網邊區,貨物想以堂,四期內人民得有捷徑以細

【練習二十三

1.賊比較長江和黃河之航溫。

2.號解釋黃河流域常多水學災將·

8.試舉列中國人口洲密地城牛分析其原因。

4.試比較器北平原和東北平原之成因,河益、無償、土壤、路、炎徵和人口

5.試比較齋嶺南、北地理情况。 6.試洞區湖和鄱陽湖之利麵

7.藏晚明中重要港漑學區及其生帶情況。 8.試比較合灣·海南兩庶之地勢,無、物菌及居民• 9.就选中國主要飲林區。

10.誠述零江水系之航利·

1. 太平洋系 紅印房洋系

北冰洋系

IV

development of the Colony's middle ană distant vater) fleet. The Government-sponsored Fish Marketing EIN Organisation is responsible for the wholsale marketing so as to ensure the fishermen fair prices for their catches...AN

111) The chief fishing centres are Aberdeen and Shau Kei Wan

on Hong Long island and Castle Peak, Tai l'o and the Tola Channel erca, Shn Jau Kok, Sai hung, Tai 0 and Cheung Chau in the New Territories

10) (4) Rise is the chief produce in this area

(ii) Intensive cultivation is the rule in the corony as evidenced by the neatly arranged fields in the picture. Where there is enough water two crops of rice are grown each year. The first crop is own into nurseries in early March, transplanted in April and harvested in June and July. Second crops are nursed. in June for planting out by the end of July and the drop is harvested during late Doteber eat early November. Winter season catch crops may he groun during the rest of the year.

Ali) Rice le still the chief crop in the New Territories.

but there has been a steady trend towards diversifica tion of farming. The Colony experiences a continual decrease in the area used for 2-crop paddy farming ⠀ and a steady expassion in the area devoted to market. gardening and cultivation of ent flowers. This is because the latter can bring bigger return in i shorter period. Intensive vegetable and fruit producgé, bion and poultry farming has gained much impetus in

the recent years. Approximately 43% of the total

area under cultivation la decupied by erdvs other Alap rice.

圖At遠是爲山,近最爲面,岸傍泊一預冊,男性一人,勇質四人在岸上觀網,狀類西民 • 圖B:讓影爲山,山下黨一片水田,春綠無解,近景購鄉村,有壽式屬手十餘間,狀類田架。

C編者按:因原圖保彩色,雜以實對電版,就以文字牌亹中景色提出以代)