1965-05-02 — Page 15

箕三第張 四 第

「日二初月間有一

WAH KIU YAT PO

九六五年度

試題預習車欄

地理科 (廿一)

劉玉領。

GEOGRAPHY (Teet 211)

25. (a) Select a country and locate by means of a sketch map areas in

it which are important for either the manufacturing of iron and steel or cotton textiles

(b) Explain how geographic conditions have influenced the location

and development of the industry in the regions chosen..

The country selected is U.S.A. which is the second largest

producer of iron ore and the largest producer of steel. The

most important iron and steel manufacturing centres, as can

be seen from the sketch map, are:

(1) Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Buffalo and Pittsburgh Area) (2) Birmingham in northern Alabama

(3) The Philadelphia, Bethlehem and Sparrow's Point Area.

(b) Factors that affect the location and development of the iron

and steel industry in general are (1) A supply of iron ore, which comes either from deposits in the locality or is to be imported. (2) Source of power: Huge quantities of coal are required both for the heating purposes and as coke for use in the blast furnace. Since there is little difference between the weight of iron ore and the weight of fuel required to smelt it, so, all other things being equal, the smelting of ore may be carried out, close to the quarries or at any convenient point, such as a meeting place of coal and ore' (3) Easy communication means facilitate the assembly of raw Materials and the distribution of manufactured goods Cheap water transport is much desired for (4) Other environmental factors include a reliable supply of water, flat land a factory sites, stimulating climates, and availability of labour as well as capital.

The map indicates that near the eastern and westem enda of the Great Lakes are one of the largest coalfielas of the world the Pennsylvanian coalfield and one of the largest Lion ora fields, that of Lake Superior, in the Hesabland. other ranges. Though a great distance separates these two minerals, this is offset by the ease with which the iron oren). can be excavated and the comparatively low cost of transport/ from Duluth by way of the Great Lakes waterway. But to save. both time and expanse much of the coal is sent to meet the ore at lakeside ports. As a result, the most important iros aid. steel manufacturing centres are situated as Chicago. Detroit, Cleveland, Buffalo and Pittsburgh. Birmingham in northern Alabama shares part of this industrial growth becaus it has local supplies of good coking coal and limestone in addition to rich rich deposits of haematite and limonita, However, as the Lake Superior iron ore deposits are within sight of exhaustion, the country has now to rely partly on high-grade ore imported from Venezuela, Chile, Liberia and Knob Lake in Labrador The recent years have witnessec the rapid expansion of the iron and steel industry at Philadelph. Bethlehem and Sparrow's. Faint where coke from Pennsylvania is used to smelt the imported ore. Their seaboard sites and existing port facilities. partly account for their having been chosen. As a whole, all the above-mentioned fron and steel centres lis close to the most densely peopled north-saster cart of the country, Chus having no great difficulty in locating markets or export channelë, Labour supply, and, seburing dapital.

15 fal Coal, oil, ann nyare-electele power provide the three main

sources of poker for Industry. What are their relativew advantages and disadvantages?

(b) By means of a sketch map, locate a freah area which has in

the recent years given promise of having large stores, of petroleum. Explain briefly why this region has attained an Important status.

(c) Show on a labelled diagram the essential features of al

hydro-electric power station

The extraction of coal, or oil as an exhaustive industry. The opening af a new field may bring a country quickly into / prominence as soroducer, but the supplies may last only for a limited period. On the other hand, water power in Inexhaustibe and is derived indirectly from the sun, hater power is unlike coal when there is a day the seams may be worked out, and oil awhen the oil is gone and nothing ts Jet] but water

Vorsover, nisir, may be carried cheaply by cable over Large distances and therefore can be used in towns where Industries have been established. Coal is bulky and costs zuch to be delivered. Cases are not infrequent where towns cwindle in size and importance as its coal seams become exhausted 011: transport is also a hazaru problem to be faced Large tankers and long pipelines have to be specially sonstructed Tor the purpose

Which source of power shati be used in any situatiOD is mainly a question of comparative coat The initial capital expenditure in erecting a hydro-electric power station is usually very great, ard the laying down of the scheme raquires great. Ingenuity and foresight. This may alo necessitate the co-operation between countries through which the same river flows.h

Coal and oil may be looked ujuan da avuive# OF FOW materials as well as sources of power. The by-producta funish the necessary basis for chemical industries and cany others. This is why HE.P., even when avaliable, cannot he a good substitute for the other two at all times.

Kecently, Iran, Irag and Saudi Arabta: {coliectively kribin as the Middle East oil-mining area) have grown in importance as oil-producing countries The reasone arei (1) It is estimated that this region possesses about two-third

of the world's proven reserves of oil. It is therefore obvious that this area is becoming Increasingly. Shiportans

to the great: nations of the world.

(2) Their share of total world output has risen from 0% in

1938 to 9% in 1940, and 23% in 1959.

15) The Middle East oilfields are the main wource of non-doles

oll for the refineries of Great Britain, Western_Burape

and Australis.

Oilfields of the Midd

TURKEY

投

佩欣、李娜英、沈大 薛孟倫、王壽、安

持沆質外,東有 行,到有校

全教職員共百餘入 一焯、任文嗎, 袂 一余畫年,於唐体衰

·文雄、美德和、雲

| 夫人,江海怡陳

許李、徐感恩、檢

1965虍今文中

日期星

日二月五年五六九一般公年四十五國民建中

!須以曬磨郎兒萬三

行舉三週試中升

分三十三篇時每起

鐵三五:四月間科考三刻時

下午 【 三

間

爲四·然後照作答。各科考試時間,仍爲四十 .............,考生應將一試題之提示閞雅淸楚, 時間 交健術。仔料試新形式,大致與往年相若 ~...... 和英文算術;三、英文、英文二、 和英 每科英文、中文和中文嬴術;二、英文、中文 本考試科目分作三類科,卽

一刻十 二歲。本年錢加升中入學試的考生共营 三萬六百七十八人,學校單位八百零五

一舉行,考試由下午一時十五分 一時 開始,茶西時五十分止,一天內考完。” 及越有規模的補助與津贴的學校內,凡六 該項考試的台巧,分設在購九各官立 八時紙,本年窈升中入學試,定本酒

1.枯長非常使人滿意,萬考生家長們均見在校早的時間知該外 冢已定在五月十日骥始,預計憋一名改卷人員,將需改案十天。 由於去年度開始使用煤腦對算麟,去處理升中民的親分統計 .師範生,將可查得用于五元的特別津貼。此項改卷工作,教育司 星在升中举行後,被派离升中案世委度會任評卷风分的欧師 校廉論及要求派出該師及師範生協助-監考人員廣義潋性∽系齢 向各官立、補助、津貼小學及羅宮國,寫景洪、桔立茲等師範學 該「考試覆」上所列各項須知,亦應小心留意。 担任,其餘證卷委員,淡分計人及審核人員等,老訊委員會亦包 本年密升中試的罄員,將由各官立、補助、津貼學校執師 升中考生在赴考時必須點記樊望准海路,以館陳際核鬨,而 分钂 則洿生可在四千五分體內,盡委完成全部 ...家中燕英文二,亦應爲不考中文者而設,

漢華新校·式,總花莖校甚 殷事件之後,阿决定

詞,拿著驗結束後,各界人士支持下,共 企業基委負會代致 實計新校舍,在

百生

今奠基禮 1

及酒、玫渚

萬

難

。

淮元得

莵

四時在西建竹嘆。

地運行核電基蘆. 漢華中學同,預計善期以後常可

【鋬潢也異常汛速,

號

此造楼主持 九六三年,退火一起IT商 蘇浙小學送

榮

| 孫方中出國

:〔特:蘇浙小

供各國,該校家教 教育高,號號

午八時,假中國酒木

試題預習專欄

地理科 練習二十

(廿一)

答案

金寶楨

(三)覽附圈一。

2.中開期及中國境內大三角:伊瓦底江三角然,輝爾混江三角澍、南河三角洲、江淘H 角洲、珠三俸湖、長江三角、晚三角,遼河三

3.或洲境內者名內陸河;塔里木河、伊犂河、錫爾河、阿姆河· 4. 就洲西部幼發拉底河和园格恩斯海的地形是冲精度。

5.死海底地和吐魯番欲地*是亞洲境內深陷海平面下的兩個著名地塹*

路印度洋水系的分水笺,路山山脈,形态悱山脈。

(三)1.A.褶曲山——地皆因受法壓力推擠而致褶皺成地之山地,稱爲往曲山。例如書寫 拉雅山

日,地壁 兩個大致平行的山麽之間,地帶陷落而成狹長的地,糖爲地響。例如約旦河答 C、地顯一個別的新風地壞,而地多有疾者。由於地度兩邊下降或其本身地塊曦起而成的 山地,例如阿爾山州

EED,冲積平原——河流中下機,然地勢平坦,洗速減弱,河道彎曲,河底炸物若多,當水量

·添足之爾事時,流量大增,使堆積於河流兩側,此確經河流不斷堆度而成的干,稱冲赋不深。例 如:長江中游平原 •

底,火山一大山作用噴出地表的物質所在地,稱火山。例如响印尼巽他海峡的克拉卡托(KRA KATAU)火山。

乾燥區城,雨量少菜的盛大,水的損失多數工供應時,注入湖泊的承,不再有多餘向外流出, 河流所帶入之性質留存於湖內,日積月鑒,湖水架份增多,此識非廷戰湖部成越水湖,故鹹水湖都 位於內流川羅 亚洲境內2號海,有阿粉阿捷入;雄市治有符塑木河流入。

3.年雨量步於 200起以下地區特為決淇。距境內有(真)城站批端干沙溪位於中國之塔里木 盤地。(B)大戈動位於學古(C)阿拉伯大沙真位於阿拉伯平路

4.巫洲统内季景然地香西巴基斯坦之信地名,米需不涅米缸在類,伊朗高原等地,七月

北極圈

溫度都

五 六立

在909分以上。冬季最冷期帶在西伯利亞勒那河流域之維爾荷揚斯克。全年降雨最多地帶在 印度喜馬拉簿山華之阿確密者。全年雨都長少地帶蕊西南巡境內之熟沙漠區...............

5.電洲境內:全年各月部件,量-

沛地區,如來能及印尼島,星加坡可爲代表•

·降雨多串味地區,高半島西岸,若慧可常代表。冬季降雨而粛乾協地區,如亞洲西部地 中海沿岸一帶,土耳其之士(IGMIR)可為代表。至年各月均少雨或無污爐,如阿阿拉伯及 伊朗等地,丁可寫代決。

6.由於七月份北陸面混度較雜等学面溫度為高,大上等溫綫飯向北突,而亞洲大路多處高 中準區,故車務七月份等偶静波太平洋岸(即亞洲東岸)時的折向痹。一月分北半球大陸北海洋 淨,故北半璁然間上等温綫微向南燃,致電洲一月份辔温烧特之太平洋早跨部抗海北•

·7.亞沿夏季来高浪區修常戰區,風向此區於入。由於夏帶太陽直射北牛捨,戴面贬然迅速, 载流上升,空氣,成低氣中心,海洋氣壓較高,故由海收入內能。

8.下列各能都需多閑區原因:

冬日跨北風經日本佔空間吹至离日本平號,有展朕流影响,多降雨季 B、中南半岛東部————面臨电流,冬中所廣東北零風經南海市半路沿岸,故所致雨量 查錫開東北部,放冬不能獲致。

C.鍋意為東北部一一印度洋冬日欢東北季風,經

D.四南亞洲地中海沿岸——冬日裡面吹來,來港空氣,降小經商憂。

4.中亞細胞及蔡新地區,距澪溝遠,且四周受嵩山脈團結,但方之海風力不能到菌,限量 阿拉伯半島在高無風帶制之下,氣流下降,熱力增大,有烘乾作用,故量極少。

練習二十一(甲)亞洲地理概論測驗題(二)

1.突然電训之氣候區分。

2.試棜地遡境照明亞洲風區長頻發遠之原因。 3.試亜洲境内下列各奏作物之分佈:

(A)稻米 (B小麥(C)椰子,(D)架?(E)甘然,CF)棉花(G)胶

(H)(I)子(J)作、

4.試泥亞洲境内下列各睛之佈。

(A)蝶,(B)查(C)石油,(D)錦。

5. 彃列亞洲人口供在地區並部明各該區人口稠密之网策。

練習二十一(乙)中國地理預習雜(一)

1.武應選下列各區地:

(A)黄土高原,(B)東北大平原(C)北大平原,(D)山丘歸,(E)東南沿淮 晚:(F)四川地(G)兩廣丘院(H)兩湖盛地。

2.池中國沿

3.開娥期北水系。

4.試冰長江水菜。

、

5.試比較海河水系和珠江水祭。

f(月)

阿拉伯汤

孟加拉檸

度

印

豆汤!

北回歸挫

·IRAQ

ESTAT

SAUDI "ARABIA'

Futroleum produ

Head

The essential features of a hydro-electric power station arei The hydraulic turbines a cocem fore of water-whell in which

a controlled flow of water under pressure is directed: against the bladen of a wheel, so causing it to rotate : (The dymame: Ln this dynamo, mechanical energy argouoed by

the rotation of the turbine la converted into electrical

The concrete dam: Improved types of cement make it possible

to construct mormous, concrete dams for storing the water, remulating its flow and increasing the pressure.

The pentocks: these are large pipes which lead the water hela

up by the dam to the turbines below.

Power station:

17(a) Show by a sketch map, the main trens-Atlantic chipping routes, Comment briefly on the general pattern and for one route, name terminal ports and write an account of the trade in the two dir-ations.

(b) In what ways in the Copenhagen to 10kyo vil anchorage: 615

route important 7

18. State what you understand any SIX of the following: satellite

town, ribbon development, tramp steamers, international airport, outport, ocean parte, twin cities, route centre, entrepot, hinterland.

Iron & Steef Industries in U.S.A.

CANAPA

►TROKASTFEL ·

MEXICO

Page 15Page 16