1949-09-02 — Page 1

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Today's weather: Light variable or Easterly winds, Fair. Noan Observations: Haremeirio, preszuro," 2007.6. mba 29.75 in. Temperature, 84 nex. F. Dew point, 75 deg. 1. «Kolaliyo humidlty, 77, %. Wind direction, ESE. Wind force, 18

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At the

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VOL. IV NO. 207

Marshall Aid Has Failed,

Say Experts

Paris, Sept. 1.-Europe today heard two of its top officials report that Marshall Aid has failed to cure its economic ille. No American voice was raised to contradict them.

In the last 18 months the U.S. has sent Europe well over US$5,000,000,000 worth of goods-largely as an outright gift. Now the U.S. is starting to cut its gifts and Europe is earning no more-in fact, considerably less than six months ago.

Combined

Alaskan Exercises

Washington, Sept. 1.

This situation, which hou been worrying statesmen all summer, was brought into the open today by the two Europeans, who have the biggest jobs in getting the. continent to work together economically.

They are Robert Marjolin. briliant 38-year-old French economist, anch Enron Jean Charles Snoy et de Oppuers. high Belgian offletal.

They hold the lup posts of Units of the United States Secretary-General and Acting and Canadian Air Forces Chairman of the Council in the

for and Armies, including para-Economie Co-operation (EEC).

Organisation

European troopers, will conduct joint

went beyond their joi winter training exercises in of recommending a plan for the Alaska and Yukon next division at Marshall Aid in 1049-50 to tell the 19 Western

FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 2, 1949.

Opening Of Edinburgh Festival

BIG FLOOD

THREAT

IN JAPAN

January and February, the European Arens in the Council. Defence Department said he dollar problem, despl.e the today.

| improvement In the situation today

Tokyo, Sept. 1--Floods threatened Japan's battered twin cities of Tokyo and Yoko- hama.

It announced that the purpose over the last two years, is not typhoon of the manoeuvres is to "develop on the way to solution." procedures, doctrines and

techniques for the employment } --• SENSATION CAUSED

the

of

Tho

combined Canadian-

.

Some 100,000 men braced the river levées against a peril as: great as that of 1947 when 2,000! were drowned.

The big storm which lashed populated metro- the densely

many

-menters from **ropean countries joined the Lord - Marocc and

Lord Provosts at a service in praise at St Giles' Cathedral, Edin- burgh, and later walked down the Royal Mile to the Palace of Holyrood, where the Duke of Hamilton, Hereditary Keeper of the Falace, welcomed them on behalf of the King to the 1949 Edinburgh Festival of Music and Drama. The Duke (left) is seen in this picturn welcoming Mr Arm J d'Allly, Burgomaster of Amsterdam.

Price 20 Cents

Tel: 27880

CHINESE REDS DEVELOPING NEW THREAT Strong Bid To Cut Canton Rail Link

CANTON, SEPT. 1; THE CHINESE COMMUNISTS WERE SMASHING HARD TODAY TOWARDS CHENHSIEN, HUNAN RAILWAY TOWN 180 MILES NORTH OF CANTON, NEAR THE KWANGTUNG BORDER.

Unofficial but reliable reports said the Communist 15th Army was about eight miles northeast of Chenhsion, loss of which would cut the rail link with Government armies based on Hengyang, 265 miles north of Canton.

Blockade Runner Is Shanghai's "Mystery Ship

Mountbatten The second successful | knowing where we were bound,

May Get Southeast

re-

Part of the Kwangtung Province defence was ported to have been rushed to Chenhsien's defence.

Meanwhile, a Chinese Nu-

Rebel Karens

tonalist Army spokesman sa Assassinate

the Communist 18th Army had been repulsed

at Shinomėl

Pass, on the Kwanglung Pro- vince border 105 miles north-

provisional threatening

to

have

The

Com

Shan Chief

east of this Another

Rangoon, Sept. 1.-Rebel munist drive south along the Karens on Tuesday nasas- London, Sept. 1.-The Daily Express correspondent Fukien coast was acknowledged sinated Saw Tin Hin, chief- in Shanghai, Sydney Smith, has sent the following descripcapture of Chuanchow, 45 mlies Nawnpalang, in front of his

succeeded in

the tuin of the Shan state, {tion of the arrival of the blockade runner, Leongbee: from the port of Amoy and 375 palace while another Shan

miles northeast of Canton,

chief, Saw Tun Sein, ruler Nationalist spokesman British Red Ensign blockade The place is full of Nationalist

look-out for sail the Communist 20th Army of Pwehla, was wounded and runner reached Shanghai blockade runners."

forded the Chin River. The his Queen escaped injury, it today (August 31) with

Nationalists had is a former his battle there, but the spokes- The Leungbee

predicted a was reported today. £200,000 worth of Hongkong Japanese tanker owned by

and regis man⚫indlented

it was decided cargo, which doubled its Singapore Chinese

make a defence British ship.-Our to

close to value in the last tricky 80 tered as a

Amoy, Such tactics have cost Own Correspondent. miles from the mouth of the

the defence many cities in the раб | Shanghai.

Post Yangte to a safe berth in

Asia Post

United States Army and Air The Caunell Insi night accept- Forces operating In the fared their scheme for sharing out north."

an expected US$370,500,000 in The exercises will be elimaxed |Marshall aid. It made no com- by attack against a theoretical meat on their pessimistic report enemy. A Defence spokesman besides ordering it to be sent to declined to give the exact num-American officiats and published, ber of troops and planes that M. Marjolin released the re-politan areas of Tokyo Bay on will participate.

port at a press conference to- Wenesday night left 08 known United

States budday.

223 injured sensation dead, 50 missing. It caused Canadian armies each will pro-mong! hoth reporters And and 08,000 homeless, vide a one-battalion combal | American officials here who are

Victims were still being pull-

Captain Tom McCabe, London, Sept. 1.--Earl has nat team, including paratroopers. aware that Congress

from

Scotland, shattered buildings Mountbatten was named to. Campbeltown,

the artillery engineers, signal meu yet passed the foreign ald billed

when the flood started trickling

second non-Chinese captala to and other supporting arms and and could still refuse to do so. services, A United States bat-

Mr W. Avereli Harriman, in over partly patched communi- day as a possible successor have attempted and broken the were to Mr Malcolm MacDonald Nationalist blockade, brought his Thirty fallon usually consists of four charge of the Marshall Plan in drowned-in-a-levee-break-that-as-Commissioner-General-in 1800-to-mystery-ship Leong- companies of 175 men each, but Europe,

the Congratulated

bee, of Singapore, alongside a let the Waterost River sweep Southeast Asia. they are often increased con- Europeans for clearing the way through Aigi in the mountains

this morning siderably in inaking a combat lo "come to

the grips with

The Evening News said the Shanghai wharf northwest of Tokyo.

chemicals, |with 1,100 tons of Prime Minister, Mr Clement, medical supplies, raw cotton and team.

fundamental problems."

But the big danger is still to Tone River and come the

The United States and 1htc NEED FOR ACTION Royal Canadian Air Forees "I am glad to see," his state-

cations.

One

wli combine 10 produre ament read, "that OEEC officials other streams swollen by 13

fighter cover,

ground attack, are emphasising

noun-

the need for inches of rain in the

down on.to far-reaching we fains are raging by the Organisation and Kanto plain north of Tokyo- (Continued on Pago 5) Located Press.

bomber, reconnaissance

transport .planes. Press,

and prompt and Unfted Ition

EDITORIAL

M

A Dangerous Controversy

MR Truman's appeal to India and Pakistan to accept United Nations proposals for a settlement of the Kashmir dispute will be generally welcomed. While it is too early to predict whether it will inject a spirit of compromise into the negotiations which are at present dead. locked-the appeal is Д significant Indication of the importance attached by America to the stability of the two new Dominions, United States foreign policy lins come a long way since the good old days of "Isolationism", and Mr Truman's interest in what might appear to be merely. o domestic dispute is a sign that under his tutelage America is realising the res- ponsiblilties of world leadership. Bir Acheson, who announced the news of Bir Truman's appeal, was asked whether it could be described as the first step In halting the spread of Communism' in Asia. He replied thaf It would be a mistake to Invest It with such particular significance, but did admlt that one of the reasons, for American Interest in Asian affairs was that the only people to benellt from disturbances and disputes of this nature would be the Communists. It has been obvious for some time that, both Britain. and America.consider India and Pakistan -- | the main bulwark ngainst Communism in Ania. For these two countries to fulfil this stabilising xolo successfully they must have not only internal security and prosperity, but peaceful external relations. As long as the Kashmir dispute remains unsettled this last condition will be lacking. It is unfortunate that relations between the two Dominions are now more -strained than they have been since 1947.

· In ́ August last year, the United Nations commission set up to negotiate a seitla--

ment of the Kashmir, dispute ordered both sides to observe a cease-fire and accept certain principles as the basis for a truce agreement. The next stage was to have been a plebiscite to decide whether the people of Kashmir want to join India or Pakistan. Bul after trying all this year to negotiate a truce the commission was forced last week to call off á joint meeting between the two countries, having been unable to get them to agree even on an agenda. The commision had proposed that the conditions for a truce Include the withdrawal from the State of tribesmen and Pakistan nationals, the Pakistan Army, and most of the Indian Army.. Neither side could agree on two points: the future, of the "Azad Kashmir" forces, and the administration of northern Kashmir, India claimed that the "Azad Kashmir" forces should be disbanded at once so that Hindus who fled the State in terror could return the plebiscite, and contended that northern Kashmir should be adminis- tered by Shelk Abdullah's 'government, under Indian protection, when the troops of both sides withdrew. Pakistan naserled that if this took place the “Azad Kashmir"

· government of the north would be attacked by Sheik Abdullah and Indian partisans, Both sides were adamant, and the commia- sion decided to throw in the sponge and report back to the Security Council at Lake Success. The facts of the dispute have been subordinated to the airing of old animosities, and the first stage in arriving at a solution of the problem should be their publication by the Security Council This would prepare the ground for an impartial judgment of both aldes, and hasten the settlement of a dangerous controversy.

of

MOUNTBATTEN

of

rubber.

He had run aground three time:

sneak- In the four-cy past Nationalist blockuders in the Yangise calunry..

CHARTS OUTDATED

on the ugents

Russian Nerve War Continues

Manoeuvres Near Yugoslavia

The story was carried to Rangoon by Saw Tun Sein, who was brought to Rangoon for hospital treatment.

The rubcis ordered the two Shunchiefs from the palace and. lined them up with the Queen of Pwchia and one follower and

1le told reporters at the hos- pital that the Karens attacked The spokesman cald that on Nawagpalang at dawn UNI the far Northwestern front the Tuesday, sweeping through the Reds who captured

Lanchow, town with lighted flares. They Kansu provincial capital, were shot down everyone in sight, resting and regrouping. He and his declared." they had suffered 40,000 casual- | frem, as against 5,000 for the Nationalists Associated Press SOVIET AIRLINES London, September -Russian turned automatle fire on them. airline planies

According to Saw Tun Sein, have

already landed at Lanchow, In Kansu 1:0 Karens escaped from Province. occupied

the Nawngpalang with cash and Chinese Communists on August Jewellery belonging to tho 26, responsible Chinese reports Palace-Associated Press,

ald today. The planes were sald to have flown in from

No Economic Kushlu. In Sinkiang Province, inbout 056 miles to the northwest

Union

Belgrade, Sept. 1.-Intel- of Lanchow. McCabe, rusty-bearded grey-ligence circles predicted to- the "Red eyed elder of the China scas, day that Soviet armoured Alma Mata told me: "Well, there'll be

something

British can't

any more."

Two

عودة

Lanchow ts the terminus of Washington, Sept 1-Pre- route" connecting sident Truman told a news con- and Sergipol, inference today that he had heard when

economic the forces poised along Yugo-Soviet Russia, with Chungking, nothing about an

northern ruit 'n blockade slavia's

solution for British border The reports said that Russian union as a

deliar discuities-United Press. would begin a series of

wrong

British officers are in manoeuvres shortly, design- his crow of Chinese anded to play on the nerves of

Marshal Tito.

Mulayans..

McCabe said: "In

kong I bought

Heng-

ΟΣ

On the tenth anniversary the start of world War II, these

a new set of circles pointed out that Septem-

Yangtse River charin and

ber was the usual month for

slept with them for nearly military manoeuvres in Europe,

sometimes

a week before we came up and this year the season would river. But they wore all out

coincide with the Russian war of date, and

of nerves against found four feet of water where government. there should have been 24 feet.

mite

The Tito

500 tanks and numerous

of the Nationalists were busy with/woes the Soviet Union has

However,

on the northern frontier. the Belgrade rumour

from hig

remotu

Attlee, had Lord Mountbatten

So far there has

been

no sign in mind for the post and "was pressing him very hard."

"We were in the blockaders of Yugoslav troop movements: designed to forestall possible Lord Mountbatten new com-aren for four days, but no air.

60,000 mands a cruiser squadron based or sea craft spotted us. One of border violations by the ut Malia, to which the Duke the main reasons probably was

Edinburgh, husband Princess Elizabeth, is being ap-another. British blockade run- pointed later this year.

ner, the Edith Moller, which

circuit said Tito returned to "With the Communist tide they had just captured-we in- sweeping over China. South, tercepted her signals for help! Be island hideout of Briono

Adriatio cast Asia is becoming a key to British warships. Western defence point and Mir "In addition, the Nationalists to take over personal direction Attlee thinks the political were. busy with a big invasion of Yugoslavia's strategy in the Genius Earl Mountbatten show of their blockade headquarters expected tense days ahead. down Foreign Omca oficials ed in the settlement of India at Chusan Islands, Just

the coast. We picked up

fused to comment.. may be able to savo „Malaya,

Commu- Slam and the East Indies," said radio report that 80

nist's Junks were storming the the Evening Nows. United

island, and I am Buro Press,

that helped us in."

RIOTING BY

AFRICANS

DEFIES THREATS According to, official Yugoslav Eources. Marshal Tito returned to Belgrade, openly defying ns- MYSTERY SHIP

tassination threats, and, took on-the-spot direction of Yugo- The Leongbee, which had lov strategy against the Rus been expected at Shanghai for

sian pressure campaign. There Johannesburg. Sept. One the past week, has been known sources sald today that Tito re-.

turned to African was ahot dead. four ar Shanghai's mystery ship be-

the capital some time

within the past 36 hours." policemen were injured and cause no one in Shanghai know

An increase in security men- tramcars and other vehicles who her owners were or where. wero sioned by hundreds of alie was coming, from, and just aures was almost immediately visible. Armed militia could whon she was due. rloting Africans here tonight,

ba, seon tonight Now, that she has arrived, sho

patrolling The trouble occurred on the is being kept just about as much

several strategie streets and main rond to Newlands · on

bridges. African township. It was the of a mystery,

Her

whereabouts

Tilo was reliably reported to direct rosult of the raising of are secret and she will be moved have gone to a conference with the fares of the municipal fram from time to time during her his closest advisers on possible service to the native areas by stay here to avold Nationalist Yugoslav action at the United one penny. Africans had boy- reconnaissance planes. ··· Nations General Assembly whon cottod the tramcare throughout Bays McCabe: "We got out it opens in New York on Sep- the day. Reuter,

of Hongkong without anyone tember: 21-United Press,

(Continued on Page 5)

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